18 Questions
What is the main function of digestive juices secreted into the food vacuole?
Break down food into simpler substances
Which part of the human digestive system plays a key role in absorbing nutrients for growth and maintenance?
Villi in the small intestine
In ruminants, which part of the digestive system is responsible for fermentation of cellulose and other complex compounds?
Rumen
Which organ is responsible for the production and storage of bile in the human body?
Liver
What is the main function of villi in the small intestine?
Absorption of digested nutrients
Which process involves the absorption of water from the undigested residue of food?
Egestion
What is the main role of villi in the small intestine?
Absorption of nutrients into the blood
In ruminants like cows, which chamber of the stomach is responsible for storage and partial digestion of food?
Rumen
What is the primary function of bile in digestion?
Emulsification of fats
Where does the absorption of water take place in the digestive system?
Large intestine
Which organ is responsible for the production of bile in the digestive system?
Liver
What is the significance of egestion in the process of nutrition?
It eliminates undigested waste from the body
What happens to carbohydrates during assimilation?
They get broken down into simple sugars like glucose
What is the role of villi in the intestine?
Increase the surface area for absorption of digested food
What is the function of the large intestine in digestion?
Absorb water and some salts from undigested food
Which organ produces bile for digestion?
Liver
What does the process of egestion involve?
Removal of undigested food through the anus
Which part of the digestive system is responsible for absorbing water and some salts?
Large intestine
Study Notes
Nutrition in Animals
- Carbohydrates, fats, and proteins are broken down into simple forms: glucose, fatty acids, and amino acids, respectively.
- This process is called assimilation.
- Glucose breaks down into carbon dioxide and water, releasing energy in the cells.
Digestion and Absorption
- The small intestine is responsible for absorption of digested food.
- The inner walls of the small intestine have finger-like outgrowths called villi, which increase the surface area for absorption.
- Each villus has a network of thin blood vessels close to its surface, allowing for absorption of digested food materials.
Large Intestine
- The large intestine is wider and shorter than the small intestine, and is about 1.5 meters in length.
- Its function is to absorb water and some salts from the undigested food material.
- The remaining waste passes into the rectum and remains as semi-solid faeces.
Egestion
- The undigested and unabsorbed residues are expelled out of the body as faeces through the anus.
- This process is called egestion.
Nutrition Process
- Nutrition involves five main steps: ingestion, digestion, absorption, assimilation, and egestion.
- The absorbed substances are transported to different parts of the body for growth, maintenance, and multiplication.
Types of Animals
- Ruminants, such as cows, buffaloes, and deer, quickly ingest and store their leafy food in the rumen, and later chew it peacefully.
- Amoeba ingests its food with the help of its false feet or pseudopodia, and digests it in the food vacuole.
Test your knowledge on the basic overview of the human digestive system, including the breakdown of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins, assimilation, and absorption in the small intestine and large intestine.
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