45 Questions
What is the primary function of digestion?
To transform food into small molecules for the body's cells
What type of digestion occurs in the mouth?
Both mechanical and chemical digestion
What is the function of the oesophagus?
To move food from the mouth to the stomach
What is the main function of the stomach in digestion?
To continue mechanical digestion and start chemical digestion
What is the location of the majority of digestion and nutrient absorption?
Small intestine
What is the function of enzymes in digestion?
To accelerate chemical reactions in the body
What is the term for the wave-like muscle contractions that move food through the oesophagus?
Peristalsis
What is the primary function of the large intestine?
To absorb water and salts from the remaining indigestible food matter
What is the purpose of peristalsis in the digestive system?
To move food through the alimentary canal
Which enzyme breaks down carbohydrates?
Amylase
What is the process of expelling undigested and unabsorbed food from the body?
Egestion
Where do nutrients from digested food get absorbed primarily?
Small intestine
What is the role of the rectum in the digestive system?
To store feces until they are expelled through the anus
What is the function of villi and microvilli in the small intestine?
To increase the surface area for absorption
Which enzyme breaks down fats?
Lipase
What is the result of the digestion process?
The breakdown of food into small molecules
Which part of the alimentary canal is responsible for both mechanical and chemical digestion?
Mouth
What is the function of gastric juices in the stomach?
To break down proteins
What is the main difference between mechanical digestion and chemical digestion?
Mechanical digestion breaks down food physically, while chemical digestion breaks down food chemically
Which part of the alimentary canal connects the mouth to the stomach?
Oesophagus
What is the result of peristalsis in the oesophagus?
The movement of food down the oesophagus
What is the overall function of the alimentary canal?
To absorb nutrients and eliminate waste
What is the role of enzymes from the pancreas in the digestive system?
To aid in breaking down proteins, fats, and carbohydrates
What is the main function of the small intestine in the digestive system?
To absorb nutrients from digested food
What is the purpose of the microvilli in the small intestine?
To increase the surface area for absorption
What is the term for the process of moving food through the alimentary canal?
Peristalsis
What is the role of protease in the digestive system?
To break down proteins
What is the function of the anus in the digestive system?
To expel undigested and unabsorbed food from the body
What is the term for the absorption of nutrients from digested food?
Absorption
What is the role of the liver in the digestive system?
To produce bile that aids in digestion
What is the primary function of the stomach in the digestive system?
To continue the process of mechanical digestion through muscular contractions
Where does chemical digestion of proteins begin?
In the stomach
What is the role of amylase in digestion?
To break down starches into simple sugars
What is the primary function of the small intestine in the digestive system?
To absorb nutrients from digested food
What is the term for the tube that runs from the mouth to the anus and is responsible for digestion and absorption of food?
Alimentary canal
What is the role of hydrochloric acid in the stomach?
To change the pH of the stomach to facilitate enzyme activity
What type of digestion involves the physical breakdown of food through chewing, churning, and mashing?
Mechanical digestion
What is the primary function of the enzymes secreted by the pancreas in the digestive system?
To break down proteins, fats, and carbohydrates into smaller molecules
What is the main function of villi and microvilli in the small intestine?
To increase the surface area for absorption
Which of the following statements about the large intestine is TRUE?
It absorbs water and salts from the remaining indigestible food matter
What is the role of lipase in the digestive system?
To break down fats into fatty acids and glycerol
What is the result of the absorption of nutrients from digested food?
The transportation of nutrients to cells through the bloodstream
What is the role of peristalsis in the digestive system?
To move food through the alimentary canal
What is the primary function of the rectum in the digestive system?
To store feces until defecation
What is the term for the process of breaking down proteins into amino acids?
Proteolysis
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