Gr 9 NATURAL SCIENCES: CH 1.5 Digestion and the alimentary canal

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What is the primary function of digestion?

To transform food into small molecules for the body's cells (correct)
To eliminate waste from the body
To store food in the body
To absorb nutrients from the food

What type of digestion occurs in the mouth?

Only chemical digestion
Both mechanical and chemical digestion (correct)
Only mechanical digestion
Neither mechanical nor chemical digestion

What is the function of the oesophagus?

To store food in the body
To move food from the mouth to the stomach (correct)
To absorb nutrients from the food
To break down food into smaller pieces

What is the main function of the stomach in digestion?

To continue mechanical digestion and start chemical digestion (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the location of the majority of digestion and nutrient absorption?

Small intestine (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of enzymes in digestion?

To accelerate chemical reactions in the body (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the wave-like muscle contractions that move food through the oesophagus?

Peristalsis (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the large intestine?

To absorb water and salts from the remaining indigestible food matter (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of peristalsis in the digestive system?

To move food through the alimentary canal (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme breaks down carbohydrates?

Amylase (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the process of expelling undigested and unabsorbed food from the body?

Egestion (B) Signup and view all the answers

Where do nutrients from digested food get absorbed primarily?

Small intestine (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the rectum in the digestive system?

To store feces until they are expelled through the anus (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of villi and microvilli in the small intestine?

To increase the surface area for absorption (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme breaks down fats?

Lipase (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the digestion process?

The breakdown of food into small molecules (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the alimentary canal is responsible for both mechanical and chemical digestion?

Mouth (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of gastric juices in the stomach?

To break down proteins (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between mechanical digestion and chemical digestion?

Mechanical digestion breaks down food physically, while chemical digestion breaks down food chemically (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the alimentary canal connects the mouth to the stomach?

Oesophagus (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of peristalsis in the oesophagus?

The movement of food down the oesophagus (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the overall function of the alimentary canal?

To absorb nutrients and eliminate waste (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of enzymes from the pancreas in the digestive system?

To aid in breaking down proteins, fats, and carbohydrates (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the small intestine in the digestive system?

To absorb nutrients from digested food (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the microvilli in the small intestine?

To increase the surface area for absorption (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process of moving food through the alimentary canal?

Peristalsis (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of protease in the digestive system?

To break down proteins (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the anus in the digestive system?

To expel undigested and unabsorbed food from the body (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the absorption of nutrients from digested food?

Absorption (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the liver in the digestive system?

To produce bile that aids in digestion (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the stomach in the digestive system?

To continue the process of mechanical digestion through muscular contractions (C) Signup and view all the answers

Where does chemical digestion of proteins begin?

In the stomach (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of amylase in digestion?

To break down starches into simple sugars (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the small intestine in the digestive system?

To absorb nutrients from digested food (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the tube that runs from the mouth to the anus and is responsible for digestion and absorption of food?

Alimentary canal (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of hydrochloric acid in the stomach?

To change the pH of the stomach to facilitate enzyme activity (D) Signup and view all the answers

What type of digestion involves the physical breakdown of food through chewing, churning, and mashing?

Mechanical digestion (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the enzymes secreted by the pancreas in the digestive system?

To break down proteins, fats, and carbohydrates into smaller molecules (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of villi and microvilli in the small intestine?