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Questions and Answers
What is the primary function of arteries in the circulatory system?
What is the primary function of arteries in the circulatory system?
- Carry blood away from the heart (correct)
- Provide structural support to veins
- Filter blood to produce lymph
- Carry blood towards the heart
What structure in the lymphatic system acts as a filter for foreign particles?
What structure in the lymphatic system acts as a filter for foreign particles?
- Thymus
- Bone marrow
- Spleen
- Lymph nodes (correct)
Which type of blood vessel is primarily responsible for the exchange of gases and nutrients between blood and tissues?
Which type of blood vessel is primarily responsible for the exchange of gases and nutrients between blood and tissues?
- Veins
- Lymphatic vessels
- Capillaries (correct)
- Arteries
What role does the spleen play in the circulatory and lymphatic systems?
What role does the spleen play in the circulatory and lymphatic systems?
What is the principal composition of lymph in the lymphatic system?
What is the principal composition of lymph in the lymphatic system?
Which component of the lymphatic system is crucial for T-cell maturation?
Which component of the lymphatic system is crucial for T-cell maturation?
What is a function of the bone marrow in relation to the lymphatic system?
What is a function of the bone marrow in relation to the lymphatic system?
What distinguishes pulmonary and umbilical veins from most other veins?
What distinguishes pulmonary and umbilical veins from most other veins?
What is a unique feature of lymphatic vessels compared to veins?
What is a unique feature of lymphatic vessels compared to veins?
What aspect of the circulatory system do pulmonary arteries and veins share?
What aspect of the circulatory system do pulmonary arteries and veins share?
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Study Notes
Arteries
- Carry blood away from the heart
- Most carry oxygenated blood
- Exceptions: pulmonary and umbilical arteries carry deoxygenated blood
Veins
- Carry blood towards the heart
- Most carry deoxygenated blood
- Exceptions: pulmonary and umbilical veins carry oxygenated blood
- Valves prevent backflow
Capillaries
- Smallest blood vessels
- Connect arterioles and venules
- Facilitate exchange of oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients, and waste products between blood and tissues
Lymphatic Vessels
- Thin-walled, valved structures
- Transport lymph
Lymph
- Found between body tissues
- Fluid comprising white blood cells and other substances
Lymph Nodes
- Oval or kidney-shaped structures
- Located throughout the body (e.g., armpits, neck, groin)
- Filter foreign particles and cancer cells
- Critical for immune system function
Bone Marrow
- Flexible tissue within bones
- Produces red blood cells
- Key component of the lymphatic system
- Produces lymphocytes, supporting the immune system
Thymus
- Specialized primary lymphoid organ responsible for T-cell maturation
- Plays a crucial role in adaptive immunity
- Consists of two lobes located in front of the heart
Spleen
- Resembles a large lymph node
- Filters blood, removing old red blood cells
- Recycles iron
- Produces antibodies in its white pulp
- Stores a blood reserve
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