Human Circulatory System Overview
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Questions and Answers

Why do arteries and arterioles have thicker walls?

  • To allow for better oxygen exchange
  • To facilitate the flow of deoxygenated blood
  • To accommodate larger lumens
  • Due to higher pressure from pumped blood (correct)

    • What is the function of venules in the circulatory system?

  • To carry oxygenated blood to the heart
  • To supply nutrients to large blood vessels
  • To prevent backflow due to low pressure
  • To connect capillaries to veins (correct)

    • What is the role of vasa vasorum in blood vessels?

  • Prevent backflow in veins
  • Control contraction and dilation
  • Supply nutrients to large blood vessels (correct)
  • Line the endothelium in arteries

    • Which layer of a blood vessel contains muscles for vasoconstriction and vasodilation?

    <p>Tunica media</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the external elastic membrane in blood vessels?

    <p>Provides structure while allowing stretch</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are nervi vasorum found and what is their function?

    <p>Close to lumen in arteries, controlling contraction and dilation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of capillary is the least common?

    <p>Sinusoid capillary</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name for the combination of an arteriole and a capillary?

    <p>Metarteriole</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the average pressure in arteries known as?

    <p>Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of precapillary sphincters in the circulatory system?

    <p>To regulate blood flow into capillaries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a high pulse pressure indicate?

    <p>High resistance in vessels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of venules in the circulatory system?

    <p>Form veins by coming together</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor determines compliance in the circulatory system?

    <p>&quot;Metal vs. Balloon&quot; analogy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Ischemia' refers to:

    <p>Insufficient blood flow accompanied by hypoxia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Hypovolemia' is associated with:

    <p>Low blood volume</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Pulse' is primarily related to:

    <p>&quot;Expansion and contraction of arteries due to blood flow&quot;</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main factor that affects blood pressure according to the text?

    <p>Vessel diameter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does filtration occur in a capillary?

    <p>At the arteriole end</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone is released if blood volume drops, signaling the kidneys to reabsorb water to maintain fluid volume and blood pressure?

    <p>Renin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) in the body according to the text?

    <p>Converts angiotensin 1 to angiotensin 2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is released by the kidneys and stimulates hematopoiesis according to the text?

    <p>Erythropoietin (EPO)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What plays a significant role in regulating vascular homeostasis via sympathetic, parasympathetic, and vasomotor control of vascular tone according to the text?

    <p>Autonomic nervous system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when baroreceptor reflexes monitor stretch in vessels according to the text?

    <p>Signals sent to medulla oblongata</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What response occurs if the right atrium receives more blood than the left ventricle can pump out based on the text?

    <p>Atrial reflex activation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect does epinephrine have on heart rate and force of contraction according to the information provided?

    <p>Increases heart rate and force of contraction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one key factor causing hypovolemic shock as per the text?

    <p>Hemorrhage or blood loss</p> Signup and view all the answers

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