Human Circulatory System Overview
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Questions and Answers

Why do arteries and arterioles have thicker walls?

  • To allow for better oxygen exchange
  • To facilitate the flow of deoxygenated blood
  • To accommodate larger lumens
  • Due to higher pressure from pumped blood (correct)

What is the function of venules in the circulatory system?

  • To carry oxygenated blood to the heart
  • To supply nutrients to large blood vessels
  • To prevent backflow due to low pressure
  • To connect capillaries to veins (correct)

What is the role of vasa vasorum in blood vessels?

  • Prevent backflow in veins
  • Control contraction and dilation
  • Supply nutrients to large blood vessels (correct)
  • Line the endothelium in arteries

Which layer of a blood vessel contains muscles for vasoconstriction and vasodilation?

<p>Tunica media (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the external elastic membrane in blood vessels?

<p>Provides structure while allowing stretch (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where are nervi vasorum found and what is their function?

<p>Close to lumen in arteries, controlling contraction and dilation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of capillary is the least common?

<p>Sinusoid capillary (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name for the combination of an arteriole and a capillary?

<p>Metarteriole (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the average pressure in arteries known as?

<p>Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of precapillary sphincters in the circulatory system?

<p>To regulate blood flow into capillaries (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a high pulse pressure indicate?

<p>High resistance in vessels (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of venules in the circulatory system?

<p>Form veins by coming together (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor determines compliance in the circulatory system?

<p>&quot;Metal vs. Balloon&quot; analogy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Ischemia' refers to:

<p>Insufficient blood flow accompanied by hypoxia (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Hypovolemia' is associated with:

<p>Low blood volume (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Pulse' is primarily related to:

<p>&quot;Expansion and contraction of arteries due to blood flow&quot; (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main factor that affects blood pressure according to the text?

<p>Vessel diameter (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where does filtration occur in a capillary?

<p>At the arteriole end (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone is released if blood volume drops, signaling the kidneys to reabsorb water to maintain fluid volume and blood pressure?

<p>Renin (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) in the body according to the text?

<p>Converts angiotensin 1 to angiotensin 2 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is released by the kidneys and stimulates hematopoiesis according to the text?

<p>Erythropoietin (EPO) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What plays a significant role in regulating vascular homeostasis via sympathetic, parasympathetic, and vasomotor control of vascular tone according to the text?

<p>Autonomic nervous system (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when baroreceptor reflexes monitor stretch in vessels according to the text?

<p>Signals sent to medulla oblongata (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What response occurs if the right atrium receives more blood than the left ventricle can pump out based on the text?

<p>Atrial reflex activation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What effect does epinephrine have on heart rate and force of contraction according to the information provided?

<p>Increases heart rate and force of contraction (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one key factor causing hypovolemic shock as per the text?

<p>Hemorrhage or blood loss (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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