Human Brain Anatomy: Vascularity and Functionality
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Questions and Answers

Why does the hypothalamus have a higher degree of vascularity compared to other phylogenetically older brain structures?

  • To compensate for its lack of blood vessels in the surrounding areas
  • Due to its smaller size compared to other brain structures
  • As a result of its increased susceptibility to emboli
  • Because of its crucial role in functions like thermoregulation (correct)
  • Which part of the spinal cord is primarily supplied by radial arteries?

  • Grey matter
  • Entire spinal cord
  • White matter
  • Outer regions of grey matter (correct)
  • Why are arterial anastomoses more profuse on the surface of the brain compared to deep arteries?

  • To reduce the risk of thrombi formation
  • To increase vascularity in deep brain structures
  • To prevent total obstruction
  • To provide alternative channels for blood flow (correct)
  • What makes blockage of deep arteries more catastrophic compared to blockage of surface arteries?

    <p>Deep arteries rarely anastomose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are large pulsating arteries absent below the neuraxis surface?

    <p>To reduce the risk of pressure waves</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which layer of the meninges adheres tightly to the periosteum lining within the cranial cavity?

    <p>Dura mater</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does the vein mentioned in the text terminate at one end?

    <p>Facial vein</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the principal drainage of the connecting sinus?

    <p>Maxillary vein</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of cerebral veins mentioned in the text?

    <p>They lack valves and smooth muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What facilitates alternative channels for blood flow if a cerebral vein is obstructed?

    <p>Anastomoses between veins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are the longitudinal spinal sinuses located?

    <p>Within the epidural space</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is notable about the valves in the longitudinal spinal sinuses?

    <p>They are absent, allowing bidirectional blood flow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the controversial role of arachnoid granulations in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) absorption?

    <p>Their role in CSF absorption is confirmed in some mammals.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement about the drainage of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is accurate?

    <p>CSF can be absorbed by perineural lymphatics surrounding cranial and spinal nerves.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) related to mechanical support?

    <p>Supports delicate structures within the cranial cavity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are the main sites for cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) collection in live animals?

    <p>At the atlanto-occipital region and lumbosacral region.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is the naming and location of the cistern at the atlanto-occipital site confusing?

    <p>The naming convention is inconsistent with its actual position.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes the composition of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from blood plasma?

    <p>CSF has metabolic functions different from blood plasma.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the cervical and lumbar enlargements in the spinal cord?

    <p>Accommodate increased neuron populations for limb innervation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does the spinal cord terminate approximately in humans?

    <p>Around vertebra L1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the filum terminale consist of?

    <p>Glial and ependymal cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What structure resembles a horse's tail and includes sacral and caudal nerves?

    <p>Cauda equina</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What anatomical feature is formed by the convergence of the filum terminale with the dura mater?

    <p>Filum of the dura mater</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Around which vertebral segment does the termination point of the dural tube vary?

    <p>S1 and S4</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which tract is NOT part of the ascending tracts in the lateral funiculus of the cervical spinal cord?

    <p>Rubrospinal tract</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which descending tract is found in the ventral funiculus of the cervical spinal cord?

    <p>Tectospinal tract</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a short ascending and descending intersegmental fiber of the fasciculus proprius?

    <p>Dorsolateral tract (of Lissauer)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these tracts is classified as an ascending tract in the lateral funiculus of the cervical spinal cord?

    <p>Spinocervical (spinocervicothalamic) tract</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these tracts is part of the descending tracts in the lateral funiculus of the cervical spinal cord?

    <p>Tectospinal tract</p> Signup and view all the answers

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