Human Bone Structure

• The presentation provides detailed information about the structure of human bones.

Chemical Composition of Bone

• Organic substances contribute to the elasticity and strength of bones with collagen and cells.
• Inorganic substances give bones hardness and durability with calcium phosphate and calcium carbonate.

Bone Cells

• Osteoblasts form new bone tissue.
• Osteocytes are mature bone cells that ensure metabolism.
• Osteoclasts eat away old bone tissue, aiding in bone renewal.

Bone Tissue

• Cortical bone is the outer layer of bone, dense and strong.
• Trabecular bone is the inner layer, which has a porous structure and helps distribute loads.

Macroscopic Structure of Bone

• The diaphysis is the middle part of long bones.
• The epiphysis is the end part of long bones.
• The metaphysis is the transition zone between the diaphysis and epiphysis.

Types of Bones

• Long bones include the femur and tibia.
• Short bones include the bones of the wrist and ankle.
• Flat bones include the skull and ribs.
• Irregular bones include the vertebrae.

Bone Growth and Regeneration

• Bone growth depends on ossification from cartilage or membranes.
• Regeneration includes hematoma formation, callus formation, and bone remodeling.

Conclusion and Recommendations

• Proper nutrition and physical activity are important for maintaining bone health.