Human Blood Circulatory System Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What are the main components of blood?

The main components of blood are plasma and blood cells.

How does blood contribute to the body's regulatory functions?

Blood regulates body temperature and maintains the balance of water and mineral salts.

What is the average volume of blood in a healthy adult?

A healthy adult has about 5.5 litres of blood.

Describe the composition of plasma.

Plasma is composed of about 80 to 90% water and 10 to 20% solids, which include proteins, fats, and carbohydrates. Signup and view all the answers

What is the pH range of blood in arteries?

The pH of blood in arteries ranges from 7.35 to 7.45. Signup and view all the answers

What protective functions does blood serve in the body?

Blood protects the body from diseases and aids in blood clotting at cuts and injuries. Signup and view all the answers

What role does blood play in transportation within the body?

Blood transports oxygen from the lungs to tissues, carries nutrients and hormones, and collects waste for elimination. Signup and view all the answers

Explain the significance of the blood circulatory system.

The blood circulatory system is essential for transporting nutrients and oxygen to tissues and removing waste products. Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of blood volume does plasma constitute in the human body?

Plasma constitutes 55% of the total volume of blood. Signup and view all the answers

List two functions of plasma in the human body.

Plasma transports digested food and aids in removing carbon dioxide from tissues. Signup and view all the answers

What are the three main types of blood cells present in blood?

The three main types of blood cells are red blood corpuscles (RBCs), white blood corpuscles (WBCs), and platelets. Signup and view all the answers

What is the lifespan of red blood corpuscles (RBCs) in the human body?

The lifespan of red blood corpuscles is about 4 months, or 127 days. Signup and view all the answers

What role does haemoglobin play in red blood corpuscles?

Haemoglobin carries oxygen in the blood, giving RBCs their red color. Signup and view all the answers

What is anaemia and how does it affect the body's efficiency?

Anaemia is a condition characterized by a deficiency of red blood cells or haemoglobin, leading to fatigue. Signup and view all the answers

What condition is caused by an excess of red blood cells, and what can be a consequence of it?

The condition caused by an excess of red blood cells is called polycythaemia, which can lead to reduced oxygen in the body. Signup and view all the answers

Explain how plasma regulates body temperature.

Plasma helps regulate body temperature by distributing heat throughout the body and facilitating heat loss. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Human Blood Circulatory System

The blood circulatory system, also known as the internal transportation system, consists of organs that transport nutrients, oxygen, and waste products.
Main components include blood, blood vessels, and the heart.
It circulates blood throughout the body, returning it to the heart.

Blood

Blood is a fluid connective tissue made up of approximately 55% plasma and 45% blood cells.
A healthy adult carries around 5.5 litres of blood.
Blood pH ranges from 7.35 to 7.45, fluctuating based on the body’s condition.

Functions of Blood

Transportation: Delivers oxygen from lungs to tissues, transports nutrients and hormones, and removes waste to excretory organs.
Regulation: Controls body temperature and balances water and mineral salts.
Protection: Defends against diseases and assists in clotting through fibrinogen and prothrombin.

Plasma

Plasma is a pale yellow, transparent fluid constituting about 55% of blood volume.
Contains 80-90% water and 10-20% solids, such as proteins, hormones, and antibodies.

Functions of Plasma

Transports digested food, hormones, and waste products.
Aids in removing carbon dioxide from tissues.
Regulates body temperature and maintains water and mineral salt balance.
Contains clotting proteins like fibrinogen and prothrombin.

Blood Corpuscles / Blood Cells

Blood cells make up 45% of total blood volume and are suspended in plasma.
Composed of red blood corpuscles (RBCs), white blood corpuscles (WBCs), and platelets.

Red Blood Corpuscles (RBCs)

RBCs are biconcave, disc-shaped cells that lack nuclei.
Each cubic millimetre of blood contains 4.5 to 5 million RBCs.
Formed in the bone marrow; approximately 2 million are produced and destroyed every second.
Lifespan of RBCs is about 4 months (127 days); they are broken down in the liver and spleen.
Red color is due to hemoglobin (Hb), which contains iron and carries oxygen.
Oxyhemoglobin (HbO) is formed when hemoglobin binds with oxygen, appearing scarlet in color.
Carboxyhemoglobin, formed when hemoglobin carries carbon dioxide, has a purple hue.
Low RBC count or hemoglobin levels may lead to anemia, causing fatigue.
Polycythemia results from excessive RBC production by the bone marrow, leading to potential lowered oxygen levels in the body.

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Description

Test your knowledge about the human blood circulatory system. This quiz covers essential aspects including the components of blood, its functions, and the role of plasma. Learn how blood circulates through the body and its significance in maintaining health.