Human Bio Science 1: Joints Quiz

Study Notes

Joints are connections between two or more bones, determining the type of movement allowed.
Classification of joints can be structural or functional.

Fibrous Joints:
- No synovial cavity; dense connective tissue rich in collagen fibers holds bones together.
- Limited to no movement.
- Three types:
  - Sutures: Dense irregular connective tissue, found in skull bones.
  - Syndesmoses: Greater distance between bones, permitting limited movement (e.g., distal tibiofibular joint).
  - Interosseous Membranes: Sheets of connective tissue allowing slight movement, found between radius and ulna, and between tibia and fibula.
Cartilaginous Joints:
- No synovial cavity; joined by cartilage.
- Allows little or no movement.
- Two types:
  - Synchondroses: Connecting material is hyaline cartilage (e.g., epiphyseal plate).
  - Symphyses: Covered by hyaline cartilage, allowing slight movement (e.g., pubic symphysis).
Synovial Joints:
- Presence of a synovial cavity allowing free movement.
- Composed of dense irregular connective tissue forming an articular capsule and accessory ligaments.
- Six types:
  - Plane (Planar)
  - Hinge (Ginglymus)
  - Pivot (Trochoid)
  - Condyloid (Ellipsoidal)
  - Saddle (Sellar)
  - Ball and Socket (Spheroid)

Synarthrosis: Immovable joints (e.g., cranial sutures).
Amphiarthrosis: Slightly movable joints (e.g., vertebrae).
Diarthrosis: Freely movable joints allowing various movements (e.g., knee, hip, elbow).