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Questions and Answers
Which artery does the lateral thoracic artery branch from?
Which artery does the lateral thoracic artery branch from?
The internal thoracic artery supplies blood to the lateral breast.
The internal thoracic artery supplies blood to the lateral breast.
False (B)
What two arteries does the internal thoracic artery terminate into?
What two arteries does the internal thoracic artery terminate into?
superior epigastric artery and musculophrenic artery
The subclavian artery transitions to the ______ artery after passing the first rib.
The subclavian artery transitions to the ______ artery after passing the first rib.
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Match the artery with the region it supplies:
Match the artery with the region it supplies:
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Study Notes
The Internal Thoracic Artery
- The internal thoracic artery, formerly known as the internal mammary artery, is a branch of the subclavian artery.
- It runs inferiorly, deep to the thoracic cage, on either side of the sternum.
- It gives off the first six anterior intercostal arteries, which anastomose with posterior intercostal arteries branching from the aorta.
- The internal thoracic artery supplies blood to the medial breast.
- It terminates by splitting into two arteries:
- The superior epigastric artery, which supplies the anterior abdominal wall.
- The musculophrenic artery, which supplies the diaphragm and gives off anterior intercostal arteries 7, 8, and 9.
The Lateral Thoracic Artery
- The lateral thoracic artery, formerly known as the external mammary artery, branches from the axillary artery.
- It runs down the lateral thorax, supplying blood to:
- Pectoralis major
- Pectoralis minor
- Serratus anterior
- The lateral breast
Collateral Circulation in Coarctation of the Aorta
- Coarctation of the aorta is a narrowing of the aorta, often in the arch region.
- This can restrict blood flow to the thorax, abdomen, and lower limbs.
- Collateral circulation can develop, allowing blood to bypass the coarctation:
- Blood flows from the brachiocephalic trunk or left subclavian artery into the internal thoracic arteries..
- Blood flows from the internal thoracic arteries into the anterior intercostal arteries.
- Blood flows from the anterior intercostal arteries into the posterior intercostal arteries.
- Blood flows from the posterior intercostal arteries into the descending thoracic aorta.
- This diverted blood flow can adapt to increase blood supply to the lower body.
Key Facts
- The subclavian artery becomes the axillary artery after passing the first rib.
- Surgeons and older texts may still use the terms internal and external mammary arteries for internal thoracic and lateral thoracic arteries, respectively.
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Description
This quiz delves into the anatomy and functions of the internal and lateral thoracic arteries. It covers their origins, pathways, and the areas they supply with blood. Test your knowledge on the intricate details of these vital arteries.
