GAII: VANS
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Questions and Answers

The external iliac artery is the largest paired branches of the aorta

True

Recall: what structures are in the inguinal canal?

The external pudendal artery/vein, vaginal tunic, genitofemoral n. And cremaster muscle

The external iliac artery changes its name to the femoral artery at the level of the vascular lacuna

True

Match the structures to correct borders of femoral triangle

<p>Cranial = Caudal part of Sartorius m. Caudal = Pectineus m. Base/Proximal = Inguinal ligament Free bee = Free bee</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Deep femoral artery give off the pudendoepigastric trunk. What are the two branches off the pudendoepigastric trunk? Select all that apply

<p>External pudendal artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

The deep femoral artery continues as the ________ after single branch

<p>Medial circumflex femoral</p> Signup and view all the answers

List all the branches of the femoral artery in order.

<p>Superficial circumflex iliac, lateral circumflex femoral, proximal caudal femoral artery, Saphenous artery (cranial and caudal branches), descending genicular artery, middle caudal femoral and distal caudal femoral.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which artery is the continuation of the femoral artery?

<p>Popliteal a.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the branches of the popliteal artery?

<p>The branches of the popliteal artery are the cranial tibial artery and caudal tibial artery.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What muscles does the popliteal artery supply? Select all that apply.

<p>Distal stifle</p> Signup and view all the answers

The caudal tibial artery is the continuation of the popliteal artery

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

What muscles does the cranial tibial artery supply?

<p>Fibularis longus , long digital extensor, and cranial tibial</p> Signup and view all the answers

The craniotibial artery transitions to the ______________ at the level of the _________ joint (type out sentence).

<p>The craniotibial artery transitions to the dorsal pedal artery at the level of the tarsocrural joint.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The dorsal pedal artery can be utilized for what two things while the animal is under anesthesia?

<p>It can be utilized for pulse detection and arterial draws</p> Signup and view all the answers

The femoral artery is continued by the popliteal artery on entering the ________ muscle.

<p>Gastrocnemius muscle.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the contents in the femoral triangle?

<p>the contents are the femoral artery and vein, and the saphenous nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Medial circumflex femoral artery arborizes what two muscles? Select all that apply

<p>Adductor m</p> Signup and view all the answers

Describe the venous drainage of the pelvic limb.

<p>The lateral saphenous drains into the distal caudal femoral v. Both the distal caudal femoral v and medial saphenous vein drain into the femoral vein, and then drains into the external iliac vein, then the caudal vena cava.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the lumbar sacral plexus?

<p>L4-S3</p> Signup and view all the answers

The obturator nerve exits through the obturator foramen

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

The femoral nerve exits through the (cranial/caudal) portion of the ________ muscle.

<p>The femoral nerve exits through the caudal portion of the iliopsoas muscle.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The femoral nerve gives off the _________ nerve.

<p>Saphenous nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

The femoral artery then changes names to the popliteal artery at the level of the tarsocrural joint.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

The medial circumflex artery will anastomose with what artery ?

<p>Lateral circumflex femoral artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

What muscles does the lateral circumflex femoral artery pass, helping you to identify the artery? Select the two muscles

<p>Rectus femoris</p> Signup and view all the answers

The lateral circumflex femoral artery is the principle blood supply to the ______

<p>Quadriceps femoris group</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which artery is the main supply to the stifle joint ?

<p>Descending genicular artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following muscles is NOT supplied by the Distal caudal femoral artery? (Select all that apply)

<p>Long digital extensor</p> Signup and view all the answers

The distal caudal femoral artery supplies the hamstring muscles, flexor muscles and one other stand alone muscle. List the muscles it supplies

<p>The distal caudal femoral artery supplies the biceps femoris, semitendinosus muscle, semimembranosus, superficial digital flexor, deep digital flexor and the gastrocnemius muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where do the R/L external iliac arteries arise?

<p>6th/7th lumbar vertebrae</p> Signup and view all the answers

The medial circumflex femoral artery courses through the vascular lacuna

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Recall: the caudal epigastric artery courses cranially along the dorsal surface of the ________ m., parallel to the linea alba.

<p>Rectus abdominis</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the accessory ligament of the femoral head in horses and donkeys?

<p>It enhances the stability of the hip joint.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are horses and donkeys less likely to experience hip joint subluxation compared to cattle?

<p>They possess an accessory ligament of the femoral head.</p> Signup and view all the answers

From which anatomical structure does the accessory ligament of the femoral head originate?

<p>Prepubic tendon</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about the accessory ligament of the femoral head is correct?

<p>It helps horses and donkeys maintain hip joint stability.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What anatomical situation does the accessory ligament of the femoral head prevent in equine species?

<p>Lunate or subluxation of the hip joint.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the caudal superficial epigastric artery?

<p>To supply the caudoventral quadrant of the abdominal wall and adjacent mammary glands</p> Signup and view all the answers

At which anatomical landmark does the external pudendal artery give rise to the caudal superficial epigastric artery?

<p>Superficial inguinal lymph node</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the subsequent course of the caudal superficial epigastric artery after it branches from the external pudendal artery?

<p>Courses cranially to supply the abdominal wall</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which artery does the caudal superficial epigastric artery anastomose with?

<p>Cranial superficial epigastric artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement correctly describes the course of the external pudendal artery?

<p>It emerges from the superficial inguinal ring after passing through the abdominal cavity</p> Signup and view all the answers

What innervates the ilopsoas muscle? (Hint: 2)

<p>The ventral branches of the lumbar spinal nerves and the femoral nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

The lateral circumflex femoral artery supplies the hip joint capsule

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

The cranial tibial artery crosses deep to the _________ m.. to lie on the deep surface of the ______________ m. (Type out whole sentence)

<p>The cranial tibial artery crosses deep to the fibularis longus muscle to lie on the deep surface of the long digital extensor muscles</p> Signup and view all the answers

What veins drain the pes?

<p>Dorsal common digital veins</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Accessory Ligament of the Femoral Head

  • Unique anatomical feature found in horses and donkeys, not present in cattle.
  • Connects the prepubic tendon to the head of the femur.
  • Its presence contributes to the stability of the hip joint in equines.

Clinical Importance

  • Provides additional support, reducing the likelihood of hip joint dislocation (subluxation) in equines.
  • Offers protection against hip joint lunation, enhancing overall mobility and athletic performance in these animals.
  • Highlights the anatomical variations among species regarding hip joint stability.

External Pudendal Artery

  • Courses through the inguinal canal and exits at the superficial inguinal ring.
  • Supplies blood to the lower abdominal region and adjacent structures.

Branching and Function

  • Gives rise to the caudal superficial epigastric artery at the superficial inguinal lymph node level.
  • The caudal superficial epigastric artery travels cranially, aiding in blood supply.

Blood Supply Area

  • Supplies the caudoventral quadrant of the abdominal wall.
  • Provides nourishment to adjacent mammary glands.

Anastomosis

  • Forms anastomoses with the cranial superficial epigastric artery, ensuring collateral blood flow.

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Understand the veins arteries and nerves

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