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Questions and Answers
What is the result of incomplete closure of the vertebral column?
What is the result of incomplete closure of the vertebral column?
Which joint type is classified as multiaxial ball and socket?
Which joint type is classified as multiaxial ball and socket?
Which muscle fibers are primarily responsible for muscle contraction?
Which muscle fibers are primarily responsible for muscle contraction?
Which muscle can both flex the hip and extend the knee?
Which muscle can both flex the hip and extend the knee?
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Which of the following activities is NOT considered a weight-bearing exercise?
Which of the following activities is NOT considered a weight-bearing exercise?
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Among the following, which joint is NOT an example of a weight-bearing joint?
Among the following, which joint is NOT an example of a weight-bearing joint?
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Which of the following bones is not part of the cranium?
Which of the following bones is not part of the cranium?
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Which exercise is least effective for preventing osteoporosis or improving bone mineral density?
Which exercise is least effective for preventing osteoporosis or improving bone mineral density?
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Which type of RNA constitutes 80% of total RNA in a cell?
Which type of RNA constitutes 80% of total RNA in a cell?
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What type of DNA is specifically created by combining DNA from different sources?
What type of DNA is specifically created by combining DNA from different sources?
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Which component is not typically associated with PCR?
Which component is not typically associated with PCR?
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What clotting factor is deficient in Hemophilia type A?
What clotting factor is deficient in Hemophilia type A?
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Where is the DNA material microscopically inserted in the process of drug manufacturing via DNA technology?
Where is the DNA material microscopically inserted in the process of drug manufacturing via DNA technology?
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Which of the following offspring is least likely to occur if a woman with hemophilia has a child with a man also affected by hemophilia?
Which of the following offspring is least likely to occur if a woman with hemophilia has a child with a man also affected by hemophilia?
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Which of the following pairs is not a complement in DNA base pairing?
Which of the following pairs is not a complement in DNA base pairing?
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What defines a codon in genetic terms?
What defines a codon in genetic terms?
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What is the opposite of the anterior view in human anatomy?
What is the opposite of the anterior view in human anatomy?
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What anatomical movement does abduction refer to?
What anatomical movement does abduction refer to?
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Which system of the body is NOT included in the Biomedical Sciences section?
Which system of the body is NOT included in the Biomedical Sciences section?
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Which anatomical term describes the position closer to the midline of the body?
Which anatomical term describes the position closer to the midline of the body?
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What is the primary focus of Pharmacogenetics?
What is the primary focus of Pharmacogenetics?
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Which of the following systems is responsible for the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide?
Which of the following systems is responsible for the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide?
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Which term best describes the movement of a body part towards the midline?
Which term best describes the movement of a body part towards the midline?
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Which body system is most closely associated with inflammation and immune responses?
Which body system is most closely associated with inflammation and immune responses?
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What term describes low molecular weight compounds that can act as immunogens when complexed with a larger molecule?
What term describes low molecular weight compounds that can act as immunogens when complexed with a larger molecule?
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Which base is absent in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)?
Which base is absent in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)?
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What process refers to the transfer of information from DNA to messenger RNA?
What process refers to the transfer of information from DNA to messenger RNA?
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CDNA is synthesized from which type of RNA?
CDNA is synthesized from which type of RNA?
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In which organelle of eukaryotic cells does cholesterol synthesis primarily occur?
In which organelle of eukaryotic cells does cholesterol synthesis primarily occur?
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Antisense RNA technology primarily targets which component of the viral or microbial lifecycle?
Antisense RNA technology primarily targets which component of the viral or microbial lifecycle?
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Which of the following best describes a nucleotide?
Which of the following best describes a nucleotide?
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Gene therapy may be effective in treating which of the following conditions?
Gene therapy may be effective in treating which of the following conditions?
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What is the primary role of pharmacogenetics in drug development?
What is the primary role of pharmacogenetics in drug development?
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Which supportive agent may pose a greater risk than benefit for cancer patients due to possible tumor progression?
Which supportive agent may pose a greater risk than benefit for cancer patients due to possible tumor progression?
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What is a Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP)?
What is a Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP)?
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In patients with the slow metabolizer genotype of CYP2D6, what is the implication for Codeine dosage?
In patients with the slow metabolizer genotype of CYP2D6, what is the implication for Codeine dosage?
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Which enzyme classification is responsible for catalyzing the coupling of two molecules?
Which enzyme classification is responsible for catalyzing the coupling of two molecules?
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What does the study of pharmacogenetics involve in relation to cytochrome enzymes?
What does the study of pharmacogenetics involve in relation to cytochrome enzymes?
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What does pharmacogenetics aim to identify in relation to drug response?
What does pharmacogenetics aim to identify in relation to drug response?
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Which supportive agent is correctly associated with a risk of tumor progression in cancer therapy?
Which supportive agent is correctly associated with a risk of tumor progression in cancer therapy?
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Study Notes
Human Anatomy
- The opposite of the anterior view is the dorsal (posterior) view.
- Abduction is the anatomical movement of a muscle away from the midline of the body.
- Adduction is the anatomical movement of a muscle toward the midline of the body.
- The sacrum is a triangular bone at the base of the spine that forms the back wall of the pelvis
- Incomplete closure of the vertebral column results in spina bifida.
- The hip joint is a multiaxial ball and socket joint.
- The shoulder and hip joint are examples of multiaxial ball and socket joints.
- Actin and myosin muscle fibers help in muscle contraction.
- The sartorius muscle can flex the hip and extend the knee.
- Swimming is not a weight-bearing exercise.
- Skull joints are not weight-bearing joints.
- The palatine bones are two irregular bones of the facial skeleton that, along with the maxilla, comprise the hard palate.
- Swimming provides the least help in the prevention of osteoporosis or improvement of bone mineral density.
- The posterior muscle group is made up of muscles that extend (straighten) the thigh at the hip.
Cell and Molecular Biology
- rRNA is the most abundant type of RNA, making up 80% of total RNA.
- rDNA is recombinant DNA.
- Endonuclease is not related to the polymer chain reaction (PCR).
- Hemophilia type A results from a deficiency in clotting factor 8.
- DNA material is microscopically inserted into the nucleus during the manufacture of drugs via DNA technology.
- A girl having no gene of hemophilia is not a possible child of a woman carrying hemophilia and a man with hemophilia.
- Uracil is not found in deoxyribose nucleic acid (DNA).
- Information transfer from DNA to mRNA is referred to as transcription.
- Complementary DNA (cDNA) is produced from mRNA.
- Cholesterol synthesis takes place in the endoplasmic reticulum of eukaryotic cells.
- Antisense technology targets mRNA.
- A nucleotide consists of a phosphate, a sugar, and a base.
- The conversion of nucleoside to nucleotide is achieved by adding a phosphate.
- Gene therapy can be used to treat cancers, sickle cell anemia, and hemophilia.
- Sickle cell anemia affects the hemoglobin of red blood cells (RBCs) and is a genetic carrier gene disease.
- A cDNA library contains clones representing mRNA.
- Erythropoietin-stimulating agents may have greater risk than benefit in patients with cancer when the goal is a cure, due to the potential increased risk of tumor progression.
Pharmacogenetics
- Pharmacogenetics is the integration of pharmacology and genetics.
- Pharmacogenetics allows designing and developing drugs customized to each person's genetic makeup.
- Pharmacogenetics studies cytochrome enzymes that are responsible for drug interactions.
- Pharmacogenetics identifies genetic variations that cause differences in drug response.
- A person with a slow metabolizer gene of CYP2D6 needs a high dose of codeine for analgesic effect.
- SNP refers to a single nucleotide polymorphism. It occurs when one base pair of nucleotides replaces another.
- Ligases are enzymes that catalyze the coupling of two molecules.
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Description
This quiz covers essential concepts in human anatomy, including joint types, muscle movements, and skeletal structures. It reviews important terms like abduction, adduction, and the roles of various bones in the human body. Prepare to test your knowledge on the structure and function of muscles and joints!
