Human Anatomy: Oral Cavity and Pharynx

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Questions and Answers

What is the function of the anatomic deadspace?

  • Manufactures surfactant
  • Does not participate in gas exchange (correct)
  • Conducts air to the terminal bronchioles
  • Participates in gas exchange

What is the typical volume of anatomic deadspace?

  • 250 ml
  • 100 ml
  • 200 ml
  • 150 ml (correct)

What is the diameter of the terminal bronchioles?

  • 2 mm
  • 0.1 mm
  • 0.5 mm (correct)
  • 1 mm

What is the primary function of the alveoli?

<p>Gas exchange (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many generations of bronchioles do the terminal bronchioles constitute?

<p>Sixteenth to nineteenth (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the respiratory bronchioles, alveolar ducts, and alveolar clusters?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the pharyngeal reflex?

<p>To protect the airway (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which structure separates the oropharynx from the laryngopharynx?

<p>Epiglottis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the space between the vocal cords?

<p>Glottis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following structures is NOT located in the nasopharynx?

<p>Palatine tonsils (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the muscular structure that connects the tongue to the floor of the mouth?

<p>Lingual frenulum (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many cartilages make up the larynx?

<p>9 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of the alveolar surface is covered by capillaries?

<p>90% (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the alveolar-capillary membrane?

<p>Gas exchange (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the pulmonary circulation in terms of pressure and resistance?

<p>Low pressure, low resistance (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of carbon dioxide is supplied to the lungs via bronchial circulation?

<p>1%-2% (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the bronchial veins?

<p>Contribute to anatomic shunt (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How much oxygen does the lung parenchyma get directly from inspired gas?

<p>Most (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the lymphatic system in the context of the lungs?

<p>To clear fluid from the interstitial and pleural spaces (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of nerve has the effect of constricting bronchial smooth muscles?

<p>Parasympathetic nerve (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the surface tension that contributes to the elasticity of the lungs?

<p>Alveolar surface tension (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many lobes does the right lung have?

<p>Three (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the space between the lungs in the thoracic cage?

<p>Mediastinum (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the outermost layer of the thoracic wall composed of?

<p>Skin, fat, and skeletal muscles (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of Type II alveolar cells?

<p>Producing surfactant (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of alveolar macrophages?

<p>Removing bacteria and foreign particles that deposit within acini (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between Type I and Type II alveolar cells?

<p>Type I cells cover 95% of the alveolar surface, while Type II cells cover 5% (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the interstitium?

<p>To provide a gel-like substance that holds together the web-like network of collagen fibers (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between tight and loose spaces in the lungs?

<p>Tight spaces are between alveolar epithelium and endothelium of pulmonary capillaries, while loose spaces surround bronchioles and primary lobule (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the respiratory system?

<p>To facilitate gas exchange (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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