Human Anatomy: Oral Cavity and Pharynx

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What is the function of the anatomic deadspace?

Manufactures surfactant
Does not participate in gas exchange (correct)
Conducts air to the terminal bronchioles
Participates in gas exchange

What is the typical volume of anatomic deadspace?

250 ml
100 ml
200 ml
150 ml (correct)

What is the diameter of the terminal bronchioles?

2 mm
0.1 mm
0.5 mm (correct)
1 mm

What is the primary function of the alveoli?

Gas exchange (C) Signup and view all the answers

How many generations of bronchioles do the terminal bronchioles constitute?

Sixteenth to nineteenth (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the respiratory bronchioles, alveolar ducts, and alveolar clusters?

All of the above (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the pharyngeal reflex?

To protect the airway (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which structure separates the oropharynx from the laryngopharynx?

Epiglottis (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the space between the vocal cords?

Glottis (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following structures is NOT located in the nasopharynx?

Palatine tonsils (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the muscular structure that connects the tongue to the floor of the mouth?

Lingual frenulum (A) Signup and view all the answers

How many cartilages make up the larynx?

9 (C) Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of the alveolar surface is covered by capillaries?

90% (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the alveolar-capillary membrane?

Gas exchange (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the pulmonary circulation in terms of pressure and resistance?

Low pressure, low resistance (C) Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of carbon dioxide is supplied to the lungs via bronchial circulation?

1%-2% (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the bronchial veins?

Contribute to anatomic shunt (C) Signup and view all the answers

How much oxygen does the lung parenchyma get directly from inspired gas?

Most (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the lymphatic system in the context of the lungs?

To clear fluid from the interstitial and pleural spaces (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of nerve has the effect of constricting bronchial smooth muscles?

Parasympathetic nerve (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the surface tension that contributes to the elasticity of the lungs?

Alveolar surface tension (C) Signup and view all the answers

How many lobes does the right lung have?

Three (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the space between the lungs in the thoracic cage?

Mediastinum (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the outermost layer of the thoracic wall composed of?

Skin, fat, and skeletal muscles (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of Type II alveolar cells?

Producing surfactant (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of alveolar macrophages?

Removing bacteria and foreign particles that deposit within acini (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between Type I and Type II alveolar cells?

Type I cells cover 95% of the alveolar surface, while Type II cells cover 5% (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the interstitium?

To provide a gel-like substance that holds together the web-like network of collagen fibers (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between tight and loose spaces in the lungs?

Tight spaces are between alveolar epithelium and endothelium of pulmonary capillaries, while loose spaces surround bronchioles and primary lobule (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the respiratory system?

To facilitate gas exchange (A) Signup and view all the answers