Human Anatomy Lecture 3

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Questions and Answers

What are the three bones that compose the hip bone?

Ilium, Ischium, and Pubis (correct)

Ilium, Ischium, and Fibula

Tibia, Fibula, and Patella

Femur, Patella, and Tibia

What is the shape of the pelvic inlet in males?

Circular

Oval

Triangular

Heart-shaped (correct)

What is the name of the socket on the lateral pelvic surface of the hip bone?

Symphysis Pubis

Pelvic Brim

Acetabulum (correct)

Sacrum

What is the name of the structure formed by the hip bones, sacrum, and coccyx?

Bony Pelvis Signup and view all the answers

What is the angle of the pubic angle in females?

80-90 degrees Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the longest and strongest bone in the human body?

Femur Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the appendicular skeleton?

Movement Signup and view all the answers

Which bone articulates with the axial skeleton?

Clavicle Signup and view all the answers

What are the two bones of the forearm?

Radius and Ulna Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the clavicle?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What is the largest bone in the upper limb?

Humerus Signup and view all the answers

What are the three angles of the scapula?

Superior, Lateral, and Inferior Signup and view all the answers

What are the bones of the hand?

Carpal, Metacarpal, and Phalanges Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the glenoid cavity?

It is a shallow socket Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following bones is NOT responsible for forming the elbow joint with the humerus?

Radius Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the capitulum in the radius?

Articulates with the humerus Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the radial notch in the ulna?

Articulates with the head of the radius Signup and view all the answers

How many bones are in the carpus?

8 Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the styloid process in the ulna?

Part of the proximal end of the ulna Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the metacarpals?

Form the palm Signup and view all the answers

How many phalanges are in each hand?

14 Signup and view all the answers

What is unique about the thumb?

It has two phalanges Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Appendicular Skeleton

The appendicular skeleton's primary function is movement, comprising bones of the upper and lower limbs and girdles that attach them to the axial skeleton.

Upper Limb

The skeleton of the upper limb consists of:
Shoulder girdle (clavicle, scapula)
Arm (humerus)
Forearm (radius, ulna)
Bones of the hand (carpal, metacarpal, phalanges)

Pectoral Girdle

The pectoral girdle consists of 2 clavicles and 2 scapulae.
It provides attachment for many muscles that move the upper limb.
The girdle is light and mobile, with only the clavicle articulating with the axial skeleton.

Clavicle

The clavicle provides attachment for muscles and holds the scapulae and arms laterally.
It transmits compression forces from the upper limbs to the axial skeleton.
The clavicle has two ends: lateral (joins the scapula) and medial (articulates with the manubrium and first rib).

Scapula

The scapula has a costal surface and a dorsal surface divided into supra-spinatus and infra-spinatus fossae.
The scapula has three angles: superior, lateral (glenoid cavity), and inferior.

Humerus

The humerus is the largest bone in the upper limb, articulating superiorly with the scapula and inferiorly with the radius and ulna.
It has upper and lower ends and a shaft.

Lower Limbs

The bones of the lower limb consist of:
Femur (thigh)
Tibia and fibula (leg)
Tarsals (ankle)
Metatarsals (foot)
Phalanges (toes)

Pelvic Girdle

The pelvic girdle consists of paired hip bones, which unite anteriorly at the symphysis pubis and articulate posteriorly with the sacrum.
The bony pelvis is formed by the hip bones, sacrum, and coccyx.

True and False Pelves

The bony pelvis is divided into the false (greater) pelvis and the true (lesser) pelvis, which forms a bowl containing the pelvic organs.

Hip Bone

The hip bone is composed of the ilium, ischium, and pubis.
The acetabulum is a deep hemispherical socket on the lateral pelvic surface.

Sex Differences of the Pelvis

The pelvic inlet is oval in females and heart-shaped in males due to the sacral promontory.
The ischial spines do not project medially into the pelvis in females as they do in males.
The pubic angle is 80-90 degrees in females and 50-60 degrees in males.

Lower Limb

The lower limb carries the entire weight of the erect body.
The bones of the lower limb are thicker and stronger than those of the upper limb.
The lower limb is divided into three segments: thigh, leg, and foot.

Femur

The femur is the largest and strongest bone in the body.

Radius and Ulna

The radius and ulna form the forearm.
The radius articulates with the capitulum and radial notch of the ulna.
The radius contributes heavily to the wrist joint and distal radius articulates with the carpal bones.

Hand

The hand consists of:
Carpus (wrist)
Metacarpus (palm)
Phalanges (fingers)

Carpus

The carpus forms the true wrist, allowing gliding movements between carpals.
It is composed of eight marble-sized bones.

Metacarpus

The metacarpus forms the palm, with five metacarpals radiating distally from the wrist.
Metacarpals articulate proximally with the distal row of carpals and distally with the proximal phalanges.

Phalanges

There are 14 phalanges in each hand, with each digit having three phalanges (proximal, middle, and distal) except for the thumb.

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Description

This quiz covers the appendicular skeleton, including the bones of the upper and lower limbs, and the pectoral girdle. Learn about the functions and structures of the skeleton.