Human Anatomy II: Endocrine System Anatomy Quiz

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Which gland is located near the center of the brain and secretes melatonin?

Pituitary gland

Thyroid gland

Pineal gland (correct)

Adrenal gland

Which hormone helps regulate sleep by increasing at night and decreasing during the day?

Melatonin (correct)

Thymosin

Insulin

Glucagon

What is the primary function of thymosin secreted by the thymus gland?

Stimulate T-cell formation (correct)

Stimulate growth hormone production

Promote sleep

Break down stored glycogen

Where are the ovaries located in the human body?

Pelvic cavity Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone is responsible for preparing the uterus to receive a fertilized egg?

Estrogen Signup and view all the answers

What does glucagon stimulate in its cells to increase glucose levels in the blood?

Breakdown stored glycogen Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of testosterone in males?

Enhancing the growth and development of male reproductive structures Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a function of testosterone?

Enlargement of the liver Signup and view all the answers

What major processes are controlled by hormones according to the text?

Reproduction, growth, body defenses, homeostasis, and metabolism Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of antidiuretic hormone (ADH)?

Reabsorption of water from renal tubules Signup and view all the answers

Which statement is accurate regarding the actions of hormones on homeostasis?

Hormones help in regulating the chemical composition and volume of the body Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone, when produced in large amounts, can cause vasoconstriction leading to increased blood pressure?

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the effects of testosterone that is NOT mentioned in the text?

Enhanced sense of taste Signup and view all the answers

Which gland requires iodine and tyrosine to produce thyroid hormones?

Thyroid gland Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of calcitonin (CT) produced by the thyroid gland?

Transport excess calcium into bones Signup and view all the answers

Where are the parathyroid glands located in relation to the thyroid gland?

At the posterior surface of the thyroid gland Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the adrenal gland is responsible for producing cortisol?

Outer adrenal cortex Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the endocrine system?

Controlling physio-chemical functions Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the nature of endocrine glands?

Produce specialized secretions Signup and view all the answers

How do hormones travel within the body in the endocrine system?

Via diffusion from secretory cells into the blood and lymph Signup and view all the answers

Which feature distinguishes the endocrine system from the nervous system?

Use of nerve impulses for communication Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mode of transport for hormones in the endocrine system?

Diffusion from secretory cells into blood and lymph Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of endocrine glands being widely separated?

Enables widespread distribution of hormones in the body Signup and view all the answers

Where is the hypothalamus located in the brain?

Between the pituitary gland and thalamus Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT controlled by the hypothalamus?

Thyroid hormone production Signup and view all the answers

How does the hypothalamus communicate with the anterior pituitary gland?

Through Hypothalamic-hypophyseal portal system Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following hormones does the hypothalamus secrete into a special portal system?

Regulating factors Signup and view all the answers

What structure allows the hypothalamus to communicate with the posterior pituitary gland?

Pituitary stalk (infundibulum) Signup and view all the answers

Apart from regulating hormones, which behavioral drives is the hypothalamus involved in?

Thirst, hunger, and sexual behavior Signup and view all the answers