Human Anatomy II: Endocrine System Anatomy Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which gland is located near the center of the brain and secretes melatonin?

  • Pituitary gland
  • Thyroid gland
  • Pineal gland (correct)
  • Adrenal gland

Which hormone helps regulate sleep by increasing at night and decreasing during the day?

  • Melatonin (correct)
  • Thymosin
  • Insulin
  • Glucagon

What is the primary function of thymosin secreted by the thymus gland?

  • Stimulate T-cell formation (correct)
  • Stimulate growth hormone production
  • Promote sleep
  • Break down stored glycogen

Where are the ovaries located in the human body?

<p>Pelvic cavity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone is responsible for preparing the uterus to receive a fertilized egg?

<p>Estrogen (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does glucagon stimulate in its cells to increase glucose levels in the blood?

<p>Breakdown stored glycogen (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of testosterone in males?

<p>Enhancing the growth and development of male reproductive structures (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a function of testosterone?

<p>Enlargement of the liver (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What major processes are controlled by hormones according to the text?

<p>Reproduction, growth, body defenses, homeostasis, and metabolism (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of antidiuretic hormone (ADH)?

<p>Reabsorption of water from renal tubules (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement is accurate regarding the actions of hormones on homeostasis?

<p>Hormones help in regulating the chemical composition and volume of the body (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone, when produced in large amounts, can cause vasoconstriction leading to increased blood pressure?

<p>Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the effects of testosterone that is NOT mentioned in the text?

<p>Enhanced sense of taste (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which gland requires iodine and tyrosine to produce thyroid hormones?

<p>Thyroid gland (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of calcitonin (CT) produced by the thyroid gland?

<p>Transport excess calcium into bones (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where are the parathyroid glands located in relation to the thyroid gland?

<p>At the posterior surface of the thyroid gland (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the adrenal gland is responsible for producing cortisol?

<p>Outer adrenal cortex (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the endocrine system?

<p>Controlling physio-chemical functions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the nature of endocrine glands?

<p>Produce specialized secretions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do hormones travel within the body in the endocrine system?

<p>Via diffusion from secretory cells into the blood and lymph (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which feature distinguishes the endocrine system from the nervous system?

<p>Use of nerve impulses for communication (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mode of transport for hormones in the endocrine system?

<p>Diffusion from secretory cells into blood and lymph (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of endocrine glands being widely separated?

<p>Enables widespread distribution of hormones in the body (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where is the hypothalamus located in the brain?

<p>Between the pituitary gland and thalamus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT controlled by the hypothalamus?

<p>Thyroid hormone production (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the hypothalamus communicate with the anterior pituitary gland?

<p>Through Hypothalamic-hypophyseal portal system (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following hormones does the hypothalamus secrete into a special portal system?

<p>Regulating factors (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What structure allows the hypothalamus to communicate with the posterior pituitary gland?

<p>Pituitary stalk (infundibulum) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Apart from regulating hormones, which behavioral drives is the hypothalamus involved in?

<p><strong>Thirst, hunger, and sexual behavior</strong> (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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