Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the main function of the clavicle?
What is the main function of the clavicle?
- Acts solely as a muscle attachment
- Supports the lower limb
- Protects the underlying organs
- Transmits forces from the upper limb to the axial skeleton (correct)
Fractures of the clavicle are more common in slender children.
Fractures of the clavicle are more common in slender children.
True (A)
What are the two ends of the clavicle called?
What are the two ends of the clavicle called?
medial end and lateral end
The scapula is a large triangular flat bone that overlies between the __th and __th ribs.
The scapula is a large triangular flat bone that overlies between the __th and __th ribs.
Match the following features of the clavicle with their descriptions:
Match the following features of the clavicle with their descriptions:
Which joint is formed by the medial end of the clavicle?
Which joint is formed by the medial end of the clavicle?
The scapula has a rough inferior surface due to muscle attachments.
The scapula has a rough inferior surface due to muscle attachments.
What is the weakest part of the clavicle where most fractures occur?
What is the weakest part of the clavicle where most fractures occur?
The posterior surface of the scapula is divided into the __ fossa and the __ fossa.
The posterior surface of the scapula is divided into the __ fossa and the __ fossa.
What type of bone is the clavicle classified as?
What type of bone is the clavicle classified as?
Which of the following incorrectly describes the anatomical position?
Which of the following incorrectly describes the anatomical position?
The epidermis is the innermost layer of the skin.
The epidermis is the innermost layer of the skin.
What is the directional term that means towards the head in anatomy?
What is the directional term that means towards the head in anatomy?
The ______ cavity contains both the brain and spinal cord.
The ______ cavity contains both the brain and spinal cord.
Match the following anatomical terms with their meanings:
Match the following anatomical terms with their meanings:
Which of the following is NOT classified as a long bone?
Which of the following is NOT classified as a long bone?
Which notch on the ulna articulates with the trochlea of the humerus?
Which notch on the ulna articulates with the trochlea of the humerus?
The radial notch is located medially to the coronoid process of the ulna.
The radial notch is located medially to the coronoid process of the ulna.
What type of joint is formed between the ulna and radius at the proximal and distal ends?
What type of joint is formed between the ulna and radius at the proximal and distal ends?
The ulna has a small rounded head connected to the shaft by the _____ .
The ulna has a small rounded head connected to the shaft by the _____ .
Match the following parts of the ulna with their functions:
Match the following parts of the ulna with their functions:
What is the most common fracture of the forearm?
What is the most common fracture of the forearm?
The ulna has a cylindrical shaft that is broad superiorly and narrow inferiorly.
The ulna has a cylindrical shaft that is broad superiorly and narrow inferiorly.
Which bones constitute the wrist?
Which bones constitute the wrist?
On full extension, the olecranon process of the ulna enters into the _____ fossa of the humerus.
On full extension, the olecranon process of the ulna enters into the _____ fossa of the humerus.
How many bones are there in the carpal region of the hand?
How many bones are there in the carpal region of the hand?
What does the correct anatomical position look like?
What does the correct anatomical position look like?
In the anatomical position, the terms left and right refer to the observer's left and right sides.
In the anatomical position, the terms left and right refer to the observer's left and right sides.
Where does Bruce experience pain due to gallbladder problems?
Where does Bruce experience pain due to gallbladder problems?
If a surgeon makes an incision just inferior to the diaphragm, which body cavity will be opened?
If a surgeon makes an incision just inferior to the diaphragm, which body cavity will be opened?
The __ peritoneum surrounds organs and the __ peritoneum lines the __.
The __ peritoneum surrounds organs and the __ peritoneum lines the __.
Which type of section would separate the body down the midline between the eyes?
Which type of section would separate the body down the midline between the eyes?
The pericardial cavity surrounds the heart.
The pericardial cavity surrounds the heart.
What is the primary function of the peritoneum?
What is the primary function of the peritoneum?
Match the body cavities with their descriptions:
Match the body cavities with their descriptions:
The terms 'left' and 'right' refer to the sides of the __ in anatomical position.
The terms 'left' and 'right' refer to the sides of the __ in anatomical position.
Which carpal bone is known for its boat shape?
Which carpal bone is known for its boat shape?
The capitate is the smallest carpal bone.
The capitate is the smallest carpal bone.
What is the name of the concave surface of the carpus that forms the carpal tunnel?
What is the name of the concave surface of the carpus that forms the carpal tunnel?
The bone that has a large hook on its palmar surface is known as the ______.
The bone that has a large hook on its palmar surface is known as the ______.
Match the following carpal bones with their shapes:
Match the following carpal bones with their shapes:
Which of the following carpal bones articulates with the radius to form the wrist joint?
Which of the following carpal bones articulates with the radius to form the wrist joint?
The distal row of carpal bones includes the Trapezium, Trapezoid, Capitate, and Hamate.
The distal row of carpal bones includes the Trapezium, Trapezoid, Capitate, and Hamate.
How many metacarpals are there in the human hand?
How many metacarpals are there in the human hand?
The ______ carpal bone is known for being the largest with a rounded head.
The ______ carpal bone is known for being the largest with a rounded head.
Which bone is located laterally in the proximal row?
Which bone is located laterally in the proximal row?
Study Notes
Clavicle
- Long bone, but lacks a medullary cavity
- Acts as a rigid support for the scapula and upper limb
- Transmits force from the upper limb to the axial skeleton
- Provides attachment points for muscles
- Has two ends: medial (sternal) and lateral (acromial)
- Medial 2/3 of the shaft is convex forward, lateral 1/3 is concave forward
- Superior surface is smooth, inferior surface is rough due to ligament and muscle attachments
- Articulates with the sternum at the sternoclavicular joint (medial end)
- Articulates with the acromion of the scapula at the acromioclavicular joint (lateral end)
- Fractures are common, especially at the junction of the middle and lateral thirds
- Fractures can also occur during childbirth in infants with broad shoulders
Scapula
- Large, flat, triangular bone located between the 2nd - 7th ribs
- Provides attachment points for muscles
- Allows for free movement of the arm on the thoracic wall
- Has two surfaces: costal (concave anterior) and posterior
- Posterior surface is divided by the spine of the scapula
- Contains the supraspinous fossa (smaller, above the spine) and infraspinous fossa (larger, below the spine)
Ulna
- Part of the forearm
- Proximal end: includes the trochlear notch (articulates with the trochlea of the humerus) and the radial notch (articulates with the head of the radius)
- Shaft (body): cylindrical, broader superiorly and narrower inferiorly
- Distal end: small rounded head, connected to the shaft by the neck, medial styloid process
- Articulates with the trochlea of the humerus at the elbow joint (allows for flexion, extension, and some abduction/adduction)
- Articulates with the radius at the proximal and distal radio-ulna joints (allows for pronation and supination)
- Articulates with the carpal bones at the wrist joint
Radius
- Part of the forearm
- Head: articulates with the ulna at the proximal radio-ulna joint
- Shaft (body): cylindrical, slightly curved, has three surfaces
- Distal end: expands to articulate with the carpal bones at the wrist joint
- Articulates with the ulna at the proximal and distal radio-ulna joints (allows for pronation and supination)
Carpal Bones
- Eight bones forming the wrist divided into two rows of four
- Proximal row: scaphoid, lunate, triquetral, pisiform
- Distal row: trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, hamate
- Articulates with the radius at the wrist joint
- Articulates with the metacarpals distally
Metacarpals
- Five long bones in the palm of the hand
- Each metacarpal corresponds to a digit
Phalanges
- Fourteen bones forming the fingers
- Each finger (excluding the thumb) has three phalanges: proximal, middle, and distal
- The thumb has only two: proximal and distal
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Description
Explore the anatomy of the clavicle and scapula in this quiz. Learn about their structures, functions, and common injuries. This quiz will test your knowledge on these essential bones that play a crucial role in the shoulder girdle.
