Human Anatomy and Physiology Quiz
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Questions and Answers

How can the second costal cartilage be located?

  • By palpating the sternal angle (correct)
  • By palpating the sternal notch
  • By palpating the costal margin
  • By palpating the sternoclavicular joint

    • Which nerves are responsible for the innervation of the thoracic wall?

  • Lateral pectoral nerves
  • Dorsal primary rami
  • Intercostal nerves (correct)
  • Thoracodorsal nerves

    • Which heart chamber primarily forms the sternocostal surface of the heart?

  • Left ventricle (correct)
  • Right atrium
  • Left atrium
  • Right ventricle

    • In the case of a puncture wound to the middle of the sternum, which heart chamber is most likely to be damaged if it penetrates the pericardium?

    <p>Right ventricle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does fluid tend to accumulate in a seated patient with fluid in the left pleural cavity?

    <p>Costodiaphragmatic recess</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where within the nasal cavity is the olfactory epithelium located?

    <p>Superior portion of the nasal cavity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The nose, pharynx, and associated structures are all part of which system?

    <p>Upper respiratory system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What cartilage forms the lower end of the larynx?

    <p>Cricoid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following vessels does NOT empty into the coronary sinus?

    <p>Anterior cardiac vein</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bones form the floor of the nasal cavity?

    <p>Maxillary and palatine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these bones does NOT articulate with the sphenoid bone?

    <p>Nasal bone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The epicardium is also known as which of the following?

    <p>Visceral pericardium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The anterior interventricular artery is a branch of which artery?

    <p>Left coronary artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following arteries is NOT a branch of the Superior Mesenteric Artery?

    <p>Left colic artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which artery is NOT a branch of the internal carotid artery?

    <p>Superior cerebellar artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What structure does the hemiazygous vein primarily drain?

    <p>Left side of the thorax</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At which vertebral level does the azygous vein enter the superior vena cava?

    <p>T2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which valves are open during ventricular systole?

    <p>Aortic and pulmonary</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct function of the chordae tendineae in the heart?

    <p>Prevent the AV valve flaps from everting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which heart valve would be best auscultated at the left second intercostal space just lateral to the sternum?

    <p>Aortic valve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At what vertebral level is the oesophageal hiatus located?

    <p>T10</p> Signup and view all the answers

    An unforced inspiration results from which of the following?

    <p>Contraction of diaphragm and external intercostal muscles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following structures does NOT drain into the Middle Nasal Meatus?

    <p>Posterior ethmoidal sinus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nerve provides sensory innervation to the Frontal Sinus?

    <p>CN V1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure plays the greatest role in warming and humidifying air?

    <p>Conchae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following sinuses drains poorly in the upright position, potentially causing toothaches?

    <p>Maxillary sinus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about the trachea is TRUE?

    <p>Contains complete rings of cartilage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure does NOT articulate with any other bone?

    <p>Hyoid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The medial surface of the left lung lies adjacent to which of the following structures?

    <p>Aortic arch</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Normal blood flow would occur in which of the following arteries following ligation of the splenic artery distal to its origin?

    <p>Short gastric arteries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structures in fetal circulation are responsible for shunting blood away from the lungs and liver?

    <p>Ductus venosus and ductus arteriosus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The most superior part of the inferior vena cava is derived from which structure?

    <p>Right vitelline vein</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The embryonic origin of the ligamentum arteriosum is from which arch artery?

    <p>Sixth arch artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structures contribute to the formation of the definitive right atrium?

    <p>Primitive atrium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the sinus venosus in embryonic development?

    <p>Has a right horn that persists in adults as the coronary sinus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Closure of the foramen primum is the result of the fusion of which structures?

    <p>Septum primum and the fused endocardial cushions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about the aortic sac is true?

    <p>Is also known as the truncus arteriosus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Unforced Inspiration

    • Relaxation of the diaphragm
    • Contraction of diaphragm and external intercostal muscles

    Oxygenated Blood in the Adult Human

    • Pulmonary vein

    Medial Surface of the Left Lung

    • Adjacent to the heart
    • Adjacent to the aortic arch
    • Adjacent to the esophagus
    • Adjacent to the inferior vena cava
    • Adjacent to the thoracic aorta
    • Excludes the esophagus

    Cartilages of the Larynx

    • Thyroid, Cricoid, and arytenoid cartilages are paired or unpaired cartilages
    • Arytenoid is an unpaired cartilage

    Pituitary Tumor Access

    • Sphenoidal sinus

    Innervation of the Frontal Sinus

    • CN V1 and CN V2

    Ethmoidal Sinus Drainage

    • Posterior portion does not drain into the Middle Nasal Meatus

    Sinuses and Tooth Ache

    • Maxillary sinus

    Trachea Cartilage

    • The trachea contains complete rings of cartilage that surround the windpipe to keep it rigid
    • This is TRUE.

    Warming and Humidifying Air

    • Conchae play the greatest role

    Internal Nares Opening

    • Nasal pharynx

    Branches of Subclavian Artery

    • Vertebral artery

    Bony Shelves in Nasal Cavity

    • Nasal conchae

    Olfactory Foramina Location

    • Cribriform plate

    Bone That Does Not Articulate with Sphenoid

    • Nasal bone

    Pudendal Artery Branch

    • External Iliac Artery

    Portal Vein Formation

    • Splenic vein and superior mesenteric vein

    Inferior Epigastric Artery Branch

    • Internal Iliac Artery

    Forced Exhalation Muscles

    • Abdominal

    Right Ventricle Chamber

    • Interventricular septum
    • Trabeculae carneae
    • Tricuspid valve
    • All of the above

    Epicardium

    • Visceral pericardium

    Anterior Interventricular Artery Branch

    • Left coronary artery

    Superior Mesenteric Artery Branches

    • Jejunal artery
    • Ileocolic artery
    • Middle colic artery
    • Left colic artery

    Circle of Willis

    • Basilar artery, brachiocephalic artery, right vertebral artery, and right subclavian artery

    Internal Carotid Branches

    • Middle cerebral, anterior cerebral, superior cerebellar, posterior communicating, and ophthalmic artery

    Middle Coronary Vein Location

    • Posterior interventricular sulcus

    Hemiazygous Vein Drainage

    • Right side of the thorax

    Azygous Vein Entrance Level

    • T3

    Facial Artery Course

    • Goes under the posterior belly of the digastric muscle

    Heart Valve Detection Location

    • Mitral valve

    Valves Open During Ventricular Systole

    • Aortic and pulmonary

    Right Atrioventricular Valve

    • Tricuspid

    Oesophageal Hiatus Location

    • T10

    Chordae Tendineae Functions

    • Contract the papillary muscles
    • Prevent the AV valve flaps from everting

    Apex of the Heart Location

    • Left fifth intercostal space

    Ruptured Spleen Blood Flow

    • Left gastroepiploic artery

    Fetal Circulation Shunting

    • Umbilical vein, umbilical artery, ductus venosus, and ductus arteriosus
    • Foramen ovale and umbilical vein

    Inferior Vena Cava Origin

    • Right vitelline vein

    Ligamentum Arteriosum Origin

    • Sixth arch artery

    Definitive Right Atrium Formation

    • Primitive atrium
    • Right sinus venosus
    • Right sinus horn

    Sinus Venosus Characteristics

    • Forms the smooth walled portion of adult right atrium
    • Receives blood from portal vein

    Cardiac Septum Closure

    • Septum primum and the fused endocardial cushions

    Aortic Sac Location

    • Is connected to the dorsal aorta via the aortic arch arteries

    Cardiac Septum Defect Types

    • Muscular type ventricular septal defect
    • Secundum type atrial septal defect

    Second Costal Cartilage Palpation Location

    • Sternal angle

    Thoracic Wall Innervation

    • Intercostal nerves

    Heart Sternocostal Surface Formation

    • Anterior wall of the right ventricle

    Object Puncture Heart Damage Location

    • Left ventricle

    Fluid Accumulation in Pleural Cavity

    • Costodiaphragmatic recess

    Pericardial Reflection Line Location

    • Oblique pericardial sinus

    First Rib Sternum Proximity

    • Sternal angle

    Portion of Parietal Pleura Above First Rib

    • Cupola

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on human anatomy and physiology, focusing on the thoracic wall, heart structures, and the nasal cavity. This quiz covers essential concepts that are crucial for understanding the human body and its various systems. Perfect for students in medical or health science programs.

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