Human Anatomy 1: Body Cavities and Body Membranes
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Questions and Answers

What is the term for the spaces within the body that contain internal organs?

  • Tissue layers
  • Body cavities (correct)
  • Organ systems
  • Body membranes

    • Which bones form the cranial cavity?

  • The sternum, 24 ribs, and 12 thoracic vertebrae
  • Only the frontal bone and occipital bone
  • The 26 individual bones of the vertebral column
  • The 2 parietal bones, 2 temporal bones, 1 frontal bone, 1 occipital bone, 1 sphenoid bone, and 1 ethmoid bone (correct)

    • What is the term for the canal that contains and protects the spinal cord?

  • Vertebral/spinal/neural cavity (correct)
  • Cranial cavity
  • Thoracic cavity
  • Abdominal cavity

    • What is the term for the bony structure that contains and protects the heart, lungs, oesophagus, trachea, and thymus gland?

    <p>Thoracic cavity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many sub cavities are there in the thoracic cavity?

    <p>3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the body cavities?

    <p>To contain and protect internal organs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the pericardial cavity?

    <p>To protect the heart</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the abdominopelvic region divided into?

    <p>Four quadrants and nine regions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the quadrants in the abdominal cavity?

    <p>To locate the site of an abdominopelvic abnormality</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What organs are located in the right upper quadrant of the abdominal cavity?

    <p>Liver, gall bladder, stomach, and duodenum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What forms the pelvic cavity?

    <p>Two hip bones, sacrum, coccyx, and pelvic muscles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the nine regions of the abdominal cavity?

    <p>To locate the site of an abdominopelvic abnormality</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following organs is not protected by the pelvic cavity?

    <p>Liver</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of goblet cells in the mucous membrane?

    <p>To secrete mucus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the serous fluid in serous membranes?

    <p>To reduce friction between layers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of a serous membrane?

    <p>Peritoneum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the outer layer of serous membranes that lines the walls of cavities?

    <p>Parietal layer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which body cavity is lined by the pericardium?

    <p>Pericardial cavity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the serous membrane that lines the abdominal cavity and surrounds the abdominal organs?

    <p>Peritoneum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which membrane lines the cavities of the freely movable joints?

    <p>Synovial membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the synovial fluid in the joint cavity?

    <p>Lubrication</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the outer layer of the meninges?

    <p>Dura mater</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the space between the arachnoid mater and pia mater known as?

    <p>Subarachnoid space</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the skin covering the whole body?

    <p>Cutaneous membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Body Cavities

    • The body has five cavities: cranial, vertebral, thoracic, abdominal, and pelvic cavities
    • These cavities contain and protect internal organs

    Cranial Cavity

    • Formed by the cranium (cranial bones) and houses the brain
    • The bones forming the cranial cavity are:
      • 2 parietal bones
      • 2 temporal bones
      • 1 frontal bone
      • 1 occipital bone
      • 1 sphenoid bone
      • 1 ethmoid bone

    Vertebral/Spinal/Neural Cavity

    • Formed by the 26 individual bones of the vertebral column
    • Contains and protects the spinal cord

    Thoracic Cavity

    • Formed by the sternum, 24 ribs, and 12 thoracic vertebrae
    • Contains and protects the heart, lungs, oesophagus, trachea, thymus gland, etc.
    • Has three sub-cavities:
      • Pleural cavity
      • Mediastinum
      • Pericardial cavity

    Abdominal Cavity

    • Formed by the anterior and posterior abdominal muscles
    • Contains and protects the stomach, liver, gallbladder, kidneys, spleen, intestines, etc.
    • Can be subdivided into 4 quadrants or 9 regions

    Abdominopelvic Region

    • Divided into either four quadrants or nine regions
    • The nine regions are delineated by four planes
    • The quadrants are used to locate the site of an abdominopelvic abnormality in clinical studies

    Pelvic Cavity

    • Lies within the pelvis and is formed by 2 hip bones, sacrum, coccyx, and pelvic muscles
    • Contains and protects the urinary bladder, rectum, uterus, ovaries, fallopian tubes, prostate gland, seminal vesicles, ejaculatory ducts, etc.

    Body Membranes

    • Thin sheets of tissues that cover the body, line body cavities, and cover hollow organs within the cavities
    • Include:
      • Mucous membrane
      • Serous membrane
      • Cutaneous membrane
      • Synovial membrane
      • Meninges

    Cutaneous Membrane

    • Refers to the skin covering the whole body
    • Has two layers:
      • Epidermis: outer layer
      • Dermis: inner layer
    • Provides protection

    Synovial Membrane

    • Lines the cavities of the freely movable joints (synovial joints) such as the shoulder, elbow, and knee
    • Lines cavities that do not open to the outside
    • Secrete synovial fluid into the joint cavity for lubrication
    • Prevents friction and injury

    Meninges

    • The connective tissue covering the brain and spinal cord, within the dorsal cavity
    • Consists of three layers:
      • Outer layer: Dura mater/layer
      • Middle layer: Arachnoid mater/layer
      • Inner layer: Pia mater/layer
    • The space between dura matter and arachnoid matter is called subdural space
    • The space between the arachnoid matter and pia matter is known as subarachnoid space
    • The subarachnoid space contains cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)

    Mucous Membrane

    • Epithelial membrane
    • Has goblet cells that secrete mucus which lubricate the surfaces they line, protecting them from drying, mechanical and chemical injury
    • Lines the body cavities/tracts that open to the outside such as digestive, respiratory, excretory/URINARY, and reproductive tracts

    Serous Membranes

    • Thin, slippery membrane lines body cavities not open to the outside
    • Has two layers:
      • Parietal layer: outer layer that lines walls of cavities
      • Visceral layer: inner layer that covers viscera within the cavities
    • The space between the two layers contains serous fluid which reduces friction between the two layers
    • Examples of serous membranes are:
      • Pleura: covers the lungs and has pleural cavity
      • Pericardium: covers the heart and has pericardial cavity
      • Peritoneum: lines the abdominal cavity and covers the abdominal organs, and has peritoneal cavity

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    Description

    Test your knowledge of body cavities and body membranes, including their locations, functions, and contents. This quiz covers topics from NUR 101, suitable for Level 100 and 200 students of General Nursing and Midwifery.

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