Human Actions vs. Act of Man

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Questions and Answers

What does the term 'I-Thou' relationship signify in intersubjectivity?

  • A hierarchical relationship between a leader and followers.
  • A mutual recognition of self and others. (correct)
  • A superficial connection lacking accountability.
  • A transactional interaction between individuals.

According to the concept of intersubjectivity, how can one recognize their own self?

  • Only through self-reflection in isolation.
  • Through competitive success over peers.
  • By achieving personal goals without regard for others.
  • In the context of their interactions with others. (correct)

What role does the Parable of the Good Samaritan play in understanding intersubjectivity?

  • It exemplifies the importance of caring relationships among people. (correct)
  • It illustrates the dangers of self-centeredness.
  • It emphasizes individual achievement over community values.
  • It defines intersubjectivity in theological terms.

What is intersubjectivity generally understood to mean?

<p>The sharing of subjective states between individuals. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Karol Wojtyla, what is the foundation of human existence?

<p>Human action directed toward others. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the theory of participation, how is man characterized?

<p>As a member of a community engaged with others. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the prefix 'inter' in intersubjectivity imply?

<p>Connection among multiple individuals. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can accountability in a relationship influence intersubjectivity?

<p>It fosters deeper understanding and respect. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What primarily drives an industrial society?

<p>Advanced technology and manufacturing (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of a digital society?

<p>Heavy reliance on digital technologies (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How have digital technologies impacted personal interactions?

<p>Altered the ways we learn and socialize (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary objective of an industrial economy?

<p>Efficient production of standardized products (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of the information society, what aspect is closely related to the development of digital technologies?

<p>Increased influence of digital media (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What challenge do individuals face in a transitioning society from manufacturing to digital?

<p>Adapting to technological advancements (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes a factor of urban environment societies during early industrialization?

<p>Formation of communities of merchants and artisans (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did the shift to industrial societies impact individuals previously in manufacturing?

<p>They struggled to find defined social roles (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic of tribal societies?

<p>They are bound to specific spatial and temporal relations. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term describes the economic shift from manufacturing to services?

<p>Post-industrial economy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who coined the term 'post-industrial'?

<p>Daniel Bell (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What feature is NOT typical of tribal societies?

<p>Complex legal systems (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one function of a tribal leader?

<p>To provide a singular moral code for the entire community (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes a post-industrial society?

<p>It is characterized by a service-based economy. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the use of the term 'tribe' politically reference?

<p>Political divisions of the Roman empire (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do tribal societies typically communicate?

<p>Via unwritten language systems (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes the economic transition highlighted in the content?

<p>A shift from the production of goods to the production of services. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role do leaders play in tribal societies according to the content?

<p>Leaders focus on multiple roles facilitating unity. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Feudalism is characterized by which of the following relationships?

<p>Kings providing land and protection to vassals in exchange for loyalty. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a major consequence of the shift to capitalism mentioned in the content?

<p>Emergence of a diverse economy marked by innovation. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does tribal society differ from modern society based on the content?

<p>Modern society lacks the self-sustaining structure of tribal societies. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect is NOT associated with the medieval period as described in the content?

<p>A defined and centralized economy. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which trend is directly linked to the emergence of postindustrial society?

<p>Advancements in scientific disciplines and new technologies. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary change brought about by the introduction of new technologies according to the content?

<p>Evaluation of ethical implications of these technologies. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'digital citizen' imply?

<p>An individual who effectively uses various social platforms (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What impact do virtual societies have on human interactions?

<p>They reduce the commitment in human relationships (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do people generally perceive their online selves compared to their offline selves?

<p>They often prefer their virtual selves to their actual selves (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What potential benefit of participation in an information society is highlighted?

<p>The ability to learn without financial investment (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What behavior do people exhibit when engaging in virtual worlds?

<p>They can manipulate their online personas (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what way do virtual realities differ from real-life interactions?

<p>They allow individuals to retreat easily (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What question arises regarding identity in the context of virtual interactions?

<p>Who am I in the digital landscape? (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What risk is diminished through virtual interactions?

<p>The risk of emotional vulnerability (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant aspect of being a digital citizen in modern society?

<p>Active participation online (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How has the nature of human interaction changed in recent years according to the content?

<p>Disembodied interactions are more common. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the concept of 'disembodied interaction' refer to?

<p>Interactions that occur without meaningful presence. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In terms of technology's impact on social relations, what is highlighted in the content?

<p>Technology creates a scene of isolation among individuals. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is suggested about the experience of death in the context of technology?

<p>Death is ultimately a non-relational experience. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements best reflects the idea of 'active participation' in digital citizenship?

<p>Engaging in online discussions and communities. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What phenomenon occurs when individuals are physically present yet engaged with their devices?

<p>The decline of human connection. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What consequence of modern technology is implied regarding personal relationships?

<p>It disrupts face-to-face interactions. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Intersubjectivity

The sharing of subjective experiences and states of consciousness by multiple individuals.

"I-Thou" relationship

A meaningful, respectful relationship between individuals where each is recognized and valued.

Intersubjective relations

Connections and interactions between conscious beings, emphasizing mutual understanding and respect.

Karol Wojtyla (St. John Paul II)

A philosopher and religious figure who saw human action as central to existence, involving interactions with others.

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Participation (Wojtyla)

Human action directed towards others, emphasizing shared existence and connection within a community.

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Conscious Being

A being with awareness and feelings.

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Respecting Others

Treating others with kindness, understanding, and appreciation.

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The Parable of the Good Samaritan

A story illustrating the concept of intersubjective interactions by demonstrating the importance of aiding others.

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Tribal Society

A group of people living in a primitive setting, often led by a chief, with a shared moral code and beliefs.

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Post-Industrial Society

A society transitioning from manufacturing to service-based economy, marked by technological advancements.

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Industrial Revolution

A period of major industrial change, leading to the shift from an agrarian economy to an industrial one.

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Pre-industrial societies

Societies existing before the Industrial Revolution, often defined by agriculture and simple technologies.

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Human Person and Society

The study of how individuals interact and create meaning within a community.

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Tribal society's language

Spoken languages in tribal cultures, often without writing systems.

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Post-Industrial society characteristics

Focus on service-based economy, and technological advancement.

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Mass produced car

A car that is manufactured in large quantities with standardized components.

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Post-Industrial Shift

A transition from primarily producing goods to primarily producing services, often involving technological advancements and changes in workforce composition.

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Tribal Society Structure

A self-sustaining system in tribal societies characterized by close connections between individuals and the leader's focus on multiple roles.

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Tribal Values

Shared beliefs and practices in tribal societies that emphasize unity and coherence within the social group.

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Feudalism

A system of social, political, and economic organization in medieval Europe based on land ownership and mutual obligations.

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Vassal's Oath

The pledge of loyalty and military service made by a vassal to their lord in exchange for land and protection.

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Serf's Status

Peasants bound to the land and subject to the will of their lord, working the land in exchange for protection.

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Medieval Economy

The economy of medieval Europe, characterized by a traditional land-based system and military service.

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Capitalism

An economic system where private individuals or corporations own and control the means of production, driven by profit and free markets.

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Digital Citizen

Someone who actively participates in online communities, going beyond just using the internet.

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Subjects of Power

Individuals who are influenced and controlled by forces within cyberspace.

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Virtual Society

The interconnected world of online interactions, relationships, and communities formed through digital platforms and technologies.

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Information Society

A society where information is easily accessible and plays a crucial role in shaping social, economic, and political aspects.

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Disembodied Interaction

Communicating through technology without physical presence, like texting or video calls.

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Modern Gadgets

Today's tech devices that facilitate disembodied interaction, making it easier to connect virtually.

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Manipulated Personalities

The tendency to present different versions of oneself in online environments, potentially leading to a disconnect between online and offline behavior.

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Disembodied Relations

Relationships formed through online interactions, often lacking the physical presence and emotional intimacy of real-world connections.

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Virtual Society

Communities formed online, where people interact digitally instead of physically.

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Commitment in Virtual Worlds

The difficulty of establishing and maintaining commitment in virtual relationships due to the ease of disengagement and anonymity.

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Death is Non-relational

Dying is a solitary experience, devoid of physical interaction with others.

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Death is One's Property

We own our own death experience, and no one else can experience it for us.

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Online Anonymity

The ability to hide one's true identity online, potentially leading to increased risk-taking behavior.

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Virtual World Risks

The potential dangers present in online environments, such as cyberbullying, misinformation, and identity theft.

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Death Removes Relations

When we die, we disconnect from all relationships we had in life.

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Feudal Society

A social system based on land ownership and loyalty, where nobles granted land to vassals in exchange for military service and allegiance. This system often included strict social classes and limited social mobility.

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Trade in Feudal Society

Commerce in feudal societies often revolved around bartering goods and services, with limited use of money. Local markets and regional fairs were key hubs for exchange.

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Industrial Society

A society characterized by advanced technology and mass production, where a large portion of the economy relies on factories and manufacturing industries.

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Digital Society

A society deeply interconnected by digital technologies, impacting communication, learning, working, and social interactions.

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Information Age

An era driven by the rapid development and accessibility of information through digital technology, leading to transformative changes across all aspects of society.

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Impact of Outsourcing

The shifting of manufacturing jobs overseas can lead to social changes, impacting local economies and potentially causing a loss of traditional employment.

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Effect on Social Roles

The changing nature of work, driven by technology or outsourcing, can impact social roles and create uncertainty for individuals seeking a clear place in society.

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Digital Tools & Interaction

Modern technology allows for new ways to communicate, connect, and participate in society. Individuals need to understand the opportunities and challenges presented by digital tools.

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Study Notes

Human Actions vs. Act of Man

  • Human actions are specific to humans, controlled by the will.
  • Acts of man are actions shared by humans and animals, involuntary.

Voluntary Actions

  • Originate from the individual, using knowledge of the situation.
  • Classified as voluntary: actions performed willingly and through reason.
  • Related to compulsion: mixed voluntary/involuntary, more voluntary if a choice was made, more involuntary if options were deemed less desirable.

Involuntary Actions

  • Acts done under force or coercion.
  • Ignorance: acts where the actor didn't understand the effect and regrets the outcome.

Intellectual Choice vs. Practical Choice

  • Intellectual choice: normative answers based on a moral standpoint.
  • Practical choice: choices made in real-life situations based on psychology and emotions.

Balancing Freedom and Responsibility

  • Freedom is essential for individual expression and personal growth. It involves the ability to make choices.
  • Responsibility entails being accountable for actions and their consequences.
  • Balancing freedom and responsibility empowers individuals to make informed choices while considering societal impact, increasing respect and accountability for a harmonious society.

Freedom and Obligation

  • Freedom is crucial for moral action, involving choice and responsibility for consequences.
  • Morality is anchored in individual capacity for moral and rational judgment.

Intersubjectivity

  • Intersubjectivity refers to the sharing of subjective states among multiple individuals.
  • Involves the subjective reality and the objective reality of beings.
  • Philosophers such as Confucius, Buber, and Wojtyla explored intersubjectivity.

Pre-Industrial Societies

  • Tribal societies are small, self-sustaining groups, with unwritten languages.
  • Feudal societies (9th-15th centuries) were based on land grants and loyalty.

Industrial Society

  • Driven by mass production technology; characteristic of many early economies like the US. Focuses on manufacturing.

Post-Industrial Society

  • Shift from goods to services; replacement of manual laborers with technical professionals.
  • Knowledge shifts from practical to theoretical; emphasis on scientific disciplines and technologies like computers.

Digital Society and the Information Age

  • Digital technologies transformed interaction, work, and learning.
  • Digital citizenship requires active participation, including engagement with societal issues and utilizing digital platforms responsibly.

Human Person and Death

  • Death is certain, indefinite (unknown time), and an individual experience.
  • To be authentic means making your own choices, not following patterns set by others.
  • A sense of responsibility for this life is a response to mortality.

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