HTML Basics Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What was the initial purpose of the Internet?

  • To provide electronic mail conferencing and collaboration services
  • To allow American universities to share the resources of national supercomputing centers (correct)
  • To offer menu-based search services like Archie and Gopher
  • To connect a handful of nodes with ARPANET

    • What distinguished the Web from other services like Archie and Gopher?

  • Connecting a handful of nodes with ARPANET
  • The use of hypertext for browsing (correct)
  • Offering menu-based interface for search services
  • Providing electronic mail conferencing services

    • Which organization(s) were part of the interconnected networks that made up the Internet?

  • Only commercial organizations
  • Commercial, educational, and government organizations (correct)
  • Only educational organizations
  • Only government organizations

    • What led to the rapid growth in the number of Internet users in the early 1990s?

    <p>Access becoming cheap enough for domestic users to have their own links on PCs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which technology offers improved performance, portability, and extensibility compared to CGI programming?

    <p>Java servlets</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which technology provides a prominent approach for accessing relational DBMSs from Java?

    <p>JDBC</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which method aims to overcome CGI limitations related to performance and handling of shared resources?

    <p>Non-CGI gateways like Microsoft’s Internet Information Server API (ISAPI) and Apache Web Server API</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which technology envisions software delivery as a service accessible from any device, any time, and any place?

    <p>Microsoft.NET</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of HTTP (HyperText Transfer Protocol)?

    <p>To transfer web pages through the Internet based on a request-response paradigm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which stage of Internet evolution involves complete integration of Internet technology into business processes?

    <p>Stage 4</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the World Wide Web primarily designed for?

    <p>Non-sequential browsing using hyperlinks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main characteristic of an Intranet?

    <p>Closed network accessible only to organization members, connected to the public Internet through a firewall</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of URLs in the context of the Internet?

    <p>They represent the location or address of a resource on the Internet and define where documents can be found.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes dynamic web pages from static web pages?

    <p>Dynamic web pages can respond to user input, be customized for each user, and are generated by the server.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the main requirements for web-DBMS integration?

    <p>Secure data access, vendor-independent connectivity, interfacing to the database independent of any proprietary web browser or server.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the focus of web services?

    <p>Communication and collaboration among people and applications, without a user interface and aimed at browsers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which technology is used for scripting within an HTML document and has syntax more like Visual Basic than Java?

    <p>JavaScript</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of HTTP cookies in the context of web integration?

    <p>Identify the user and personalize the appearance of the web page</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which technology provides additional functionality for integrating databases into the Web environment by extending the Web server?

    <p>.NET</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of interpreted scripting languages like JavaScript, VBScript, Perl, and PHP in the context of web-DBMS integration?

    <p>Provide key functions needed to retain a 'thin' client application and promote rapid application development</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did the EJB 2.0 specification introduce?

    <p>Container-Managed Persistence (CMP), Container-Managed Relationships (CMR), and the EJB Query Language (EJB-QL)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which technology provides a prominent approach for accessing relational DBMSs from Java?

    <p>JDBC</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of Microsoft’s Internet Information Server API (ISAPI) and Apache Web Server API?

    <p>To overcome CGI limitations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of Java servlets in comparison to CGI programming?

    <p>Offer improved performance, portability, and extensibility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Microsoft's Web Platform, Microsoft.NET, envision?

    <p>Software delivery as a service accessible from any device, any time, and any place</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Web Technology and DBMS

    • HTML is a system for marking up documents for publishing on the Web, developed by Tim Berners-Lee and standardized as HTML version 2 in 1995.
    • The World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) currently recommends the use of HTML 4.01 and produced XHTML 1.0 as a reformulation of HTML 4 in XML.
    • Uniform Resource Locators (URLs) represent the location or address of a resource on the Internet and define where documents can be found, while Uniform Resource Identifiers (URIs) and Uniform Resource Names (URNs) are related terms for referring to Internet resources.
    • URLs are the most commonly used identification scheme for resources on the Internet and are the basis for HTTP and the Web.
    • Static web pages have fixed content, while dynamic web pages generate content each time they are accessed, allowing for user input and customization.
    • Dynamic web pages can respond to user input, be customized for each user, and are generated by the server, often through scripts that convert data into HTML on the fly.
    • Web services are based on open standards and focus on communication and collaboration among people and applications, without a user interface and aimed at browsers.
    • Web services consist of reusable software components designed to be consumed by other applications, such as client applications, web-based applications, or other web services.
    • Many organizations require a general solution for integrating database applications with the Web to prevent being tied to one technology, with requirements such as secure data access, vendor-independent connectivity, and support for various technologies.
    • Requirements for web-DBMS integration include secure data access, vendor-independent connectivity, interfacing to the database independent of any proprietary web browser or server, and an open-architecture approach for interoperability.
    • Other requirements for web-DBMS integration include cost-effectiveness, scalability, support for transactions spanning multiple HTTP requests, session- and application-based authentication, acceptable performance, and minimal administration overhead.
    • Additionally, a set of high-level productivity tools is needed to allow for the development, maintenance, and deployment of applications with ease and speed.

    Integrating Web and DBMS Technologies

    • Current approaches to integrating databases into the Web environment include scripting languages, Common Gateway Interface (CGI), HTTP cookies, and extensions to the Web server.
    • Scripting languages like JavaScript and VBScript allow the creation of functions embedded within HTML code, automating processes and manipulating objects.
    • JavaScript and JScript are virtually identical interpreted scripting languages from Netscape and Microsoft, respectively, used for scripting within an HTML document.
    • VBScript, a Microsoft proprietary interpreted scripting language, has syntax more like Visual Basic than Java and is procedural in nature.
    • Common Gateway Interface (CGI) is a specification for transferring information between a Web server and a CGI program, allowing the server to launch other programs and execute scripts.
    • HTTP cookies are pieces of information stored by the client on behalf of the server, allowing the server to identify the user and personalize the appearance of the web page.
    • CGI scripts can be made more interactive by using cookies, as the client may have many cookies stored at any given time, each associated with a particular website or web page.
    • Cookies have an expiration date, and if explicitly set to some time in the future, the browser will automatically save the cookie to the client’s hard drive.
    • Extensions to the Web server, such as the Netscape API (NSAPI) and Microsoft’s Internet Information Server API (ISAPI), provide additional functionality for integrating databases into the Web environment.
    • Java, JEE, JDBC, SQLJ, JDO, JPA, Servlets, JavaServer Pages (JSP), .NET, Active Server Pages (ASP), and ActiveX Data Objects (ADO) are also used for integrating databases into the Web environment.
    • JavaScript, VBScript, Perl, and PHP are interpreted scripting languages that provide the key functions needed to retain a “thin” client application and promote rapid application development.
    • Most of the hype in this area focuses on Java, but scripting engines are likely to supply important day-to-day functionality for integrating databases into the Web environment.

    Web Technology and Database Management Systems Overview

    • Cookies are used to identify requests from the same user, allowing retrieval of user-specific information from a database.
    • CGI is a method for supporting application-specific functionality, but it has limitations related to performance and handling of shared resources.
    • Non-CGI gateways, such as Microsoft’s Internet Information Server API (ISAPI) and Apache Web Server API, aim to overcome CGI limitations.
    • Java, initially developed by Sun Microsystems, has become one of the most popular programming languages for Web computing.
    • JDBC provides a prominent approach for accessing relational DBMSs from Java, supporting basic SQL functionality.
    • The EJB 2.0 specification introduced Container-Managed Persistence (CMP), Container-Managed Relationships (CMR), and the EJB Query Language (EJB-QL).
    • Java servlets offer improved performance, portability, and extensibility compared to CGI programming.
    • Servlets also provide simpler session management and improved security and reliability due to the built-in Java security model.
    • Microsoft’s Web Platform, Microsoft.NET, envisions software delivery as a service accessible from any device, any time, and any place.
    • Microsoft Open Database Connectivity (ODBC) technology provides a common interface for accessing heterogeneous SQL databases.
    • ODBC, based on SQL, offers a high degree of interoperability, allowing a single application to access different SQL DBMSs through a common set of code.

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    Related Documents

    CIS 9340 Chapter 29 - Web Transaction and DBMS PDF

    Description

    Test your knowledge of the basic concepts and history of HyperText Markup Language (HTML), the foundation of web development. Explore the history and functionality of HTML, from its early development to its standardization as a fundamental document language for the web.

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