HTML Basics Quiz

Web Technology and DBMS

• HTML is a system for marking up documents for publishing on the Web, developed by Tim Berners-Lee and standardized as HTML version 2 in 1995.
• The World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) currently recommends the use of HTML 4.01 and produced XHTML 1.0 as a reformulation of HTML 4 in XML.
• Uniform Resource Locators (URLs) represent the location or address of a resource on the Internet and define where documents can be found, while Uniform Resource Identifiers (URIs) and Uniform Resource Names (URNs) are related terms for referring to Internet resources.
• URLs are the most commonly used identification scheme for resources on the Internet and are the basis for HTTP and the Web.
• Static web pages have fixed content, while dynamic web pages generate content each time they are accessed, allowing for user input and customization.
• Dynamic web pages can respond to user input, be customized for each user, and are generated by the server, often through scripts that convert data into HTML on the fly.
• Web services are based on open standards and focus on communication and collaboration among people and applications, without a user interface and aimed at browsers.
• Web services consist of reusable software components designed to be consumed by other applications, such as client applications, web-based applications, or other web services.
• Many organizations require a general solution for integrating database applications with the Web to prevent being tied to one technology, with requirements such as secure data access, vendor-independent connectivity, and support for various technologies.
• Requirements for web-DBMS integration include secure data access, vendor-independent connectivity, interfacing to the database independent of any proprietary web browser or server, and an open-architecture approach for interoperability.
• Other requirements for web-DBMS integration include cost-effectiveness, scalability, support for transactions spanning multiple HTTP requests, session- and application-based authentication, acceptable performance, and minimal administration overhead.
• Additionally, a set of high-level productivity tools is needed to allow for the development, maintenance, and deployment of applications with ease and speed.

Web Technology and DBMS Overview

• Intranet is a closed network accessible only to organization members, connected to the public Internet through a firewall.
• Extranet is a partially accessible intranet for authorized outsiders.
• E-commerce and e-business opportunities on the Internet are being discussed, with Cisco Systems defining five stages of Internet evolution for businesses.
• Stage 1 involves using the Internet for external communication with suppliers and customers.
• Stage 2 includes developing a website for global presence and communication with customers.
• Stage 3 is e-commerce, enabling customers to place and pay for orders through the website.
• Stage 4 is e-business, with complete integration of Internet technology into business processes.
• Stage 5 involves automating the entire business process via the Internet for lower costs and higher productivity.
• The World Wide Web is a hypermedia-based system for non-sequential browsing using hyperlinks.
• It consists of a network of computers acting as servers providing information and clients (browsers) requesting information.
• HTTP (HyperText Transfer Protocol) is the protocol used to transfer web pages through the Internet, based on a request-response paradigm.
• HTML (HyperText Markup Language) is the document formatting language used to design most web pages.