HTML Basics

What is HTML?

• HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) is a standard markup language used to create web pages.
• It is the backbone of a website, providing the structure and content that the web browser renders to the user.

Basic HTML Structure

• HTML documents consist of a series of elements, represented by tags (<>).
• Tags usually come in pairs, with the opening tag preceding the content and the closing tag following the content.
• The basic structure of an HTML document includes:
  • ``: declaration of the document type
  • ``: root element of the document
  • ``: contains metadata about the document
  • ``: contains the content of the HTML document

HTML Elements

• HTML elements are represented by tags and are used to define different parts of a web page.
• There are two types of elements:
  • Structural elements: define the structure of a web page (e.g., headings, paragraphs, lists)
  • Semantic elements: provide meaning to the structure of a web page (e.g., header, footer, navigation)

Common HTML Elements

• Headings: , , ``, etc. (define headings of different levels)
• Paragraphs: <p> (defines a paragraph of text)
• Links: <a> (defines a hyperlink to another web page or email address)
• Images: `` (defines an image on a web page)
• Lists: </a></p><a>, </a><a>, `` (defines unordered, ordered, and list items)
• Tables: , , `` (defines a table, table row, and table data)

Attributes

• HTML elements can have attributes, which provide additional information about the element.
• Attributes are added to the opening tag and consist of a name and value (e.g., href="https://www.example.com").

Semantic Meaning

• HTML5 introduced semantic elements, which provide meaning to the structure of a web page.
• Examples of semantic elements:
  • ``: defines the header section of a web page
  • ``: defines a section of navigation links
  • ``: defines the main content section of a web page
  • ``: defines a self-contained section of related content
  • ``: defines an independent piece of content
  • ``: defines the footer section of a web page

What is HTML?

• HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) is a standard markup language used to create web pages.
• It provides the structure and content that the web browser renders to the user.

Basic HTML Structure

• HTML documents consist of a series of elements, represented by tags ().
• Tags usually come in pairs, with the opening tag preceding the content and the closing tag following the content.
• The basic structure of an HTML document includes:
  • ``: declaration of the document type
  • `: root element of the document
  • `: contains metadata about the document
  • `: contains the content of the HTML document

HTML Elements

• HTML elements are represented by tags and define different parts of a web page.
• There are two types of elements:
  • Structural elements: define the structure of a web page (e.g., headings, paragraphs, lists)
  • Semantic elements: provide meaning to the structure of a web page (e.g., header, footer, navigation)

Common HTML Elements

• Headings: , , ``, etc. (define headings of different levels)
• Paragraphs: `` (defines a paragraph of text)
• Links: `` (defines a hyperlink to another web page or email address)
• Images: `` (defines an image on a web page)
• Lists: , , `` (defines unordered, ordered, and list items)
• Tables: , , `` (defines a table, table row, and table data)

Attributes

• HTML elements can have attributes, which provide additional information about the element.
• Attributes are added to the opening tag and consist of a name and value (e.g., href="<a href="https://www.example.com">https://www.example.com</a>").

Semantic Meaning

• HTML5 introduced semantic elements, which provide meaning to the structure of a web page.
• Examples of semantic elements:
  • ``: defines the header section of a web page
  • ``: defines a section of navigation links
  • ``: defines the main content section of a web page
  • ``: defines a self-contained section of related content
  • ``: defines an independent piece of content
  • ``: defines the footer section of a web page