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Questions and Answers

What was one of the beliefs regarding teaching the Spanish language to the natives?

  • It would enhance their ability to farm.
  • It would restrict their access to education.
  • It would lead to their political and social awareness. (correct)
  • It would prevent them from experiencing independence.

What was the nature of the educational system in the Philippines during the Spanish colonization?

  • Education flourished without any restrictions.
  • Spanish was the medium of instruction in certain schools. (correct)
  • All schools were closed due to political unrest.
  • It was primarily governed by native teachers.

Which revolution followed the Spanish colonization that influenced political views?

  • Industrial Revolution
  • French Revolution (correct)
  • American Revolution
  • Russian Revolution

What was one negative impact of the political condition in Spain on the Philippines?

<p>The prevalence of a corrupt administration. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did the encomienda system affect Filipino land ownership?

<p>It resulted in the loss of land for Filipinos. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did the American Revolution demonstrate to colonized people around the world?

<p>That independence from colonizers was achievable. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What caused the shift in political administration in 19th century Spain?

<p>The conflict between liberals and conservatives. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a significant cultural change that occurred due to Spanish colonization?

<p>Widespread adoption of Spanish culture and religion. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of Jose Rizal's siblings died at a very young age?

<p>Concepcion Rizal (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What notable event occurred three days after Jose Rizal's birth?

<p>He was baptized (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of Rizal's siblings outlived all her brothers and sisters?

<p>Trinidad Rizal (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the result of Maria's recognition of Jose Rizal during his lifetime?

<p>She received many letters from him (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How old was Josefa Rizal when she died?

<p>80 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which skill did Jose Rizal master at the age of three?

<p>Reading and writing (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What disease was Josefa Rizal said to have suffered from?

<p>Epilepsy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What significant item did Trinidad Rizal receive from her brother Jose?

<p>An alcohol lamp (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which skill did Uncle Manuel Alberto NOT teach Jose Rizal?

<p>Mathematics (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

At what age did Rizal write his first poem?

<p>8 years old (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Uncle Gregorio instill in Rizal?

<p>The importance of hard work (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary theme of Rizal's first poem?

<p>National pride (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who helped Rizal understand the philosophy of life?

<p>Father Leoncio Lopez (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which pets did Rizal own during his childhood?

<p>Doves and a dog (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Rizal's mother teach him to express?

<p>Feelings through verses (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was Rizal's attitude toward his native language?

<p>He encouraged love for it (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the forced labor system called that the Spaniards demanded from the Filipinos?

<p>Polo y servicio (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which group is considered the uppermost social status in the colonial Philippines?

<p>Peninsulares (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What economic system was introduced in the mid-eighteenth century that involved renting land for cultivation?

<p>Inquilinato (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which group was composed of wealthy pure-blooded natives supposedly descended from the kadatoan class?

<p>Principalia (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the mestizos in the 19th century society of the Philippines?

<p>They became recognized as important economic facilitators. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which social group represents pure-blooded natives of the Philippines?

<p>Indio (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who were the inquilinos in the inquilinato system?

<p>Renters who worked for the landlords (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What prompted the emergence of social classes such as mestizos and principalia in the Philippines?

<p>The decline of Spanish power (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary responsibility of the Board of National Education as stated in the document?

<p>To adopt measures for implementing educational provisions. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the duration within which the Board must promulgate rules and regulations after the Act's effectivity?

<p>60 days (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a requirement for schools, colleges, and universities regarding Rizal's works?

<p>To offer courses on Rizal's biography. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who determines the adequacy of the number of books to be kept in libraries?

<p>The Board of National Education. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What must be included in the libraries of educational institutions according to the document?

<p>Copies of original and unexpurgated editions of Rizal's works. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How will the translations of Rizal's works be made accessible to the public?

<p>They will be distributed free of charge through local organizations. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of courses are students exempt from based on religious beliefs?

<p>Specific courses as outlined in the Act. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What languages must the translations of Rizal's works be available in?

<p>English, Tagalog, and the principal Philippine dialects. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why did Rizal not seek his parents' permission before leaving for Europe?

<p>He thought they would not approve of his plan. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was Rizal's initial plan regarding his education in Europe?

<p>To complete his medical course in Barcelona. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Paciano express in his letter to Rizal regarding their parents' feelings about his departure?

<p>They were grief-stricken and worried. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What motivated Rizal to want to make a name for himself in journalism?

<p>To observe and study European society. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did the family attempt to reassure their father after Rizal's departure?

<p>By letting him know about friends covering his expenses. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the father's reaction upon receiving news of Rizal's departure?

<p>He became depressed and cried at night. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What action did Paciano take to alleviate their father’s distress regarding Rizal's decision to leave?

<p>He traveled to Manila to gather information. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What change in their father’s mood did Paciano observe after discussing Rizal's situation with him?

<p>He appeared somewhat cheerful and returned to his usual self. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Board of National Education's role

The Board of National Education is responsible for implementing and enforcing educational provisions, including developing curriculum materials and creating rules and regulations.

Required texts

The original and unabridged versions of Rizal's 'Noli Me Tangere' and 'El Filibusterismo', along with other works and biographies, must be kept in school libraries.

Exemption from provisions

Students may be exempt from the curriculum requirements based on religious beliefs, as long as it's documented by them in a sworn written statement.

Translation of Rizal's work

The translation of Rizal's works into English, Tagalog, and Filipino dialects is needed.

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Distribution method

Free distribution of translated works through local community organizations.

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Timeframe for rules

Rules and regulations must be outlined within 60 days of the Act's effectivity.

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Library adequacy

School libraries must maintain a sufficient number of books based on student enrollment.

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Publication and implementation

Rules and regulations take effect 30 days after publication in the official government gazette.

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Spanish Colonial Treatment

Spanish colonizers imposed taxes and forced labor (polo y servicio) on Filipinos, akin to a system of slavery.

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Social Hierarchy (19th Century Philippines)

A hierarchical social structure in the Philippines during the 19th century, ranked from Peninsulares at the top to Indios at the bottom. Mestizos and Prinicipalia also existed, representing mixed-blood and wealthy native groups, respectively.

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Peninsulares

Pure-blooded Spaniards born in Spain.

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Indios

Pure-blooded natives of the Philippines.

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Inquilinato System

A 18th-century land-leasing system in the Philippines. Landowners (canon) rented land to lessees (inquilinos), who in turn rented it to sharecroppers (kasama).

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Mestizos

People of mixed Spanish and native, or Chinese and native, ancestry.

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Prinicipalia

Wealthy native Filipinos, supposedly descended from earlier ruling classes.

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19th Century Economic Strain

Spain's economic power weakened in the 19th century, leading to social and economic tensions with the growing principalia and mestizos demanding recognition.

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Who was Jose Rizal's father?

Jose Rizal's father was Francisco Mercado Rizal.

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Who was Jose Rizal's mother?

Jose Rizal's mother was Teodora Alonso y Quintos.

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What is Jose Rizal's full name?

Jose Rizal's full name is Jose Protacio Mercado Rizal y Alonso Realonda.

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When was Jose Rizal born?

Jose Rizal was born on June 19, 1861.

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Where was Jose Rizal born?

Jose Rizal was born in Calamba, Laguna.

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When was Jose Rizal baptized?

Jose Rizal was baptized on June 22, 1861.

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Who baptized Jose Rizal?

Jose Rizal was baptized by Rev. Rufino Collantes.

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What was Jose Rizal's family's influence on his education?

His mother, Teodora, taught him to read and write at a young age. He grew up reading books in their library at home with his mother as his reading teacher and critic.

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Spanish language teaching in the Philippines

Teaching the Spanish language in the Philippines was believed to promote political and social awareness among Filipinos, potentially empowering them for freedom.

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19th Century Political Disturbances

The 19th century witnessed political upheavals in Spain, leading to changes in administrations, constitutions, and parliaments

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Spanish Colonial Impacts on the Philippines

Spanish colonization significantly affected the Philippines' administration, social structure, education, and economy.

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American Revolution significance

The American Revolution, marking the US's independence from Britain, inspired colonized peoples worldwide to seek self-governance in the 19th century.

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Encomienda System

A system of land grants in Spanish colonization that involved loss of Filipino land ownership.

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French Revolution Impact

The French Revolution influenced the political views of people in Europe and the world, including the Philippines

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19th-century Governors-General

19th-century governors-general in the Philippines were often associated with inefficient and corrupt administrations.

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Colonial Educational Institutions

Schools like Ateneo, Letran, and UST in the Philippines used Spanish as the primary language of instruction during the Spanish colonial era.

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Rizal's Early Education

Jose Rizal received private tutoring at home in preparation for his formal education. He learned Latin, sports, and developed a love for nature and education.

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Uncle Manuel Alberto's Role

Manuel Alberto, Rizal's cousin, was concerned about his physical development and taught him swimming, fencing, wrestling, and other sports.

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Uncle Gregorio's Influence

Gregorio, a scholar, instilled in Rizal a love for education, hard work, independent thinking, and observation.

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Rizal's First Poem

At the age of eight, Rizal wrote his first poem, “Sa Aking Mga Kababata,” expressing his love for his country.

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Tagalog's Importance

Rizal believed that Tagalog, like other languages, had its own alphabet and writing system that was lost due to neglect.

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Early Influences on Rizal

Rizal's parents, siblings, and relatives played a significant role in shaping his early life and values.

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Mourning and The Parish Priest

Rizal's first experience with death was the loss of his sister Concepcion. Parish priest Father Leoncio Lopez helped him understand the meaning of life.

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Rizal's Love for Nature

His uncle Jose taught Rizal to appreciate nature, and he enjoyed long rides on his pony and had pet doves and a dog.

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Rizal's Motivation for Leaving

Rizal's primary motivation for leaving the Philippines for Europe was to pursue his education, escape the Spanish colonial tyranny, and contribute to the Philippines' liberation.

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Rizal's European Goals

Rizal's goals in Europe included completing his medical studies, establishing himself in journalism, observing European society, and preparing for the Philippines' emancipation.

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Family's Reaction to Rizal's Departure

Rizal's family, especially his father, was initially disheartened by his departure, with his father experiencing significant distress and needing reassurance.

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Paciano's Role

Paciano, Rizal's brother, played a crucial role by reassuring the family about Rizal's departure by explaining the financial support from Rizal's friends in Manila and ultimately calming his father's anxiety.

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Why Did Rizal Not Seek Permission?

Rizal decided against seeking his parents' permission because he anticipated their disapproval of his plans to go to Europe.

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Rizal's Disappointments

Rizal's decision to leave for Europe was influenced by disappointments he had experienced as a student, hinting at dissatisfaction with the educational system or societal limitations.

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Spain's Impact on Filipinos

The Spanish colonization of the Philippines had a profound impact on Filipinos, imposing taxes, forced labor, and social stratification. This led to social unrest and a desire for change.

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Rizal's Vision for the Philippines

Rizal's vision for the Philippines was based on education, self-improvement, and ultimately, liberation from Spanish rule.

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Study Notes

Spanish Colonization and its Impact

  • One belief regarding teaching the Spanish language to natives was that it would lead to their assimilation and advancement.
  • The educational system during Spanish colonization was heavily influenced by the Catholic Church and focused on religious indoctrination.
  • The Philippine Revolution, inspired by the ideals of the American Revolution, influenced political views and led to calls for independence.
  • The unstable political condition in Spain greatly impacted the Philippines, causing economic fluctuations and political instability.
  • The encomienda system, where land was granted to Spanish conquistadors, severely impacted Filipino land ownership, stripping natives of their ancestral lands and giving control to the Spanish elite.

Impact of the American Revolution

  • The American Revolution demonstrated to colonized people around the world the possibility of overthrowing colonial rule and achieving independence.

Spanish Political and Social Shifts

  • The shift in political administration in 19th century Spain was primarily due to the growing influence of liberalism and calls for reform.
  • A significant cultural change due to Spanish colonization was the introduction of Catholicism, which became the dominant religion in the Philippines.

Jose Rizal's Early Life and Family

  • Jose Rizal's younger brother, Concepcion, died at a very young age.
  • The notable event that occurred three days after Jose Rizal's birth was an earthquake.
  • Jose Rizal's sister, Trinidad, outlived all her brothers and sisters.
  • Maria, a woman who recognized Jose Rizal during his lifetime, provided him with financial assistance.
  • Josefa Rizal died at the age of 84.
  • At the age of three, Jose Rizal mastered the skill of reading and writing.
  • Josefa Rizal is said to have suffered from epilepsy.
  • Trinidad Rizal received a pocket watch from her brother Jose.

Rizal's Education and Influences

  • Uncle Manuel Alberto taught Jose Rizal various skills, including drawing, painting, and sculpting, but did not teach him carpentry.
  • At the age of eight, Rizal wrote his first poem.
  • Uncle Gregorio instilled in Rizal a deep love for his family and his country.
  • The primary theme of Rizal's first poem was the beauty of nature.
  • It was his Jesuit teachers who helped Rizal understand the philosophy of life.
  • Rizal owned various pets during his childhood, including a dog, a cat, and a bird.
  • Rizal's mother taught him, "To express yourself properly and without getting carried away, to speak with courtesy, politeness, and good manners."
  • Rizal had a deep affection for his native language, Tagalog.

Social Hierarchy and Economy in the Philippines

  • The forced labor system demanded by the Spaniards from Filipinos was called "polo y servicio".
  • The uppermost social status in the colonial Philippines was occupied by the "peninsulares" (Spaniards born in Spain).
  • The economic system introduced in the mid-eighteenth century that involved renting land for cultivation was called "inquilinato".
  • The group composed of wealthy pure-blooded natives supposedly descended from the "kadatoan" class was called "principalia".
  • Mestizos played a significant role in the 19th-century society of the Philippines.
  • The "indios" represented pure-blooded natives of the Philippines.
  • The "inquilinos" were tenants who rented land from the "principalia" in the "inquilinato" system.
  • The emergence of social classes like "mestizos" and "principalia" was prompted by the Spanish colonial system and its integration into the Filipino society.

Act No. 129

  • The primary responsibility of the Board of National Education, as stated in the document, is to enforce all provisions of Republic Act No. 129.
  • The Board must promulgate rules and regulations within one year after the Act's effectivity.
  • The requirement for schools, colleges, and universities to keep at least one copy of Rizal's works is NOT a requirement according to the document.
  • The adequacy of the number of books to be kept in libraries is determined by the Board of National Education.
  • Libraries of educational institutions must include all the works of Rizal.
  • Translations of Rizal's works will be made accessible to the public through the National Library and other public libraries.
  • Students are exempt from courses considered objectionable based on religious beliefs.
  • The translations of Rizal's works must be available in Tagalog, English, and Spanish.

Rizal's Departure for Europe

  • Rizal did not seek his parents' permission before leaving for Europe because he feared their opposition.
  • Rizal's initial plan regarding his education in Europe was to study medicine in Madrid.
  • Paciano, in his letter to Rizal, expressed their parents' concern for his safety and well-being.
  • Rizal was motivated by a desire to make a name for himself in journalism and pursue a career as a writer.
  • The family attempted to reassure their father after Rizal's departure by sending letters and promising to visit him.
  • The father's reaction upon receiving news of Rizal's departure was disbelief and concern for his son's well-being.
  • Paciano took it upon himself to discuss Rizal's situation with their father and try to alleviate his distress.
  • Paciano observed a change in their father’s mood after discussing Rizal's situation with him, noticing a shift towards acceptance and understanding.

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