HRPA Classes Flashcards - Professional Practice
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Questions and Answers

What is Professional Practice?

A cluster of competencies related to the ability to conduct oneself in a professional manner and to exhibit high levels of professionalism in all contexts and situations.

What does the Code of Ethics provide?

Sets out the principles that guide member conduct and tend to be more directional than specific.

What are Standards of Practice?

Detailed guidelines for specific professional activities.

What are practice guidelines?

<p>Recommended (should/might words).</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the 7 main principles in the Code of Ethics?

<p>Competence, Legal Requirements, Dignity in the Workplace, Balancing Interests, Confidentiality, Conflict of Interest, and Professional growth and support.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the four components of the Rules of Professional Conduct?

<p>Registration; Regulation of Professional Conduct; Complaints, investigations &amp; discipline; Appeals and other internal review mechanisms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Under which competency would John Smith's lie about professional liability insurance fall?

<p>Professional Practice.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What must HRM professionals do?

<p>Must adhere to any statutory acts, regulations or bylaws which relate to the field of HRM, as well as civil and criminal laws regulations and statutes that apply in their jurisdiction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who do HRPA rules of Professional Conduct apply to?

<p>All members of HRPA, whether responsible for HRM policies or acting as consultants to an organization, as employees or independent practitioners.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Do HRPA members need to have professional liability insurance?

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do we offer people who are downsized?

<p>Severance, extended benefits, education and retraining programs, etc.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the four C's for downsizing?

<p>Comprehensive planning, communication, credibility, and compassion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is incremental growth?

<p>New products/services, bit by bit growth.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is international growth?

<p>New customers/markets internationally.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is acquisition?

<p>The purchase of one company by another.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a merger?

<p>Two organizations combine resources and become one.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is domestic strategy?

<p>In a Canadian (domestic) market.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a multidomestic strategy?

<p>Supplies to two markets/countries.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a multinational strategy?

<p>Three or more markets/countries.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a global strategy?

<p>Typically one head office and branch offices that look after strategy within the different zones.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does ethnocentric mean?

<p>Typically seen in a domestic going into a multidomestic (belief that key management from parent company is best for the other locations).</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does polycentric mean?

<p>Key management positions are claimed by people from the host country.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does geocentric mean?

<p>Whoever is the best--whether from parent company, host company, or a third country national.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an expatriate?

<p>Any individual who gives up residence in his/her home country to take up residence in a foreign country.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are host-country nationals?

<p>Individuals from the country where an overseas subsidiary is located.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are parent country nationals?

<p>Individuals from headquarters who are highly familiar with the firm's products and services.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is strategic planning?

<p>Describes the organization's future direction, performance targets, and approaches to achieve the targets in a formal, written statement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is organizational effectiveness?

<p>The concept of how effective an organization is in achieving the outcomes the organization intends to produce.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What recruitment option should a company use when implementing a Polycentric HRM approach?

<p>Host country nationals.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What recruitment option should a company use when implementing an Ethnocentric HRM approach?

<p>Parent country nationals.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of a soft goal?

<p>Employee satisfaction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the HRPA Competency Framework, how can Organizational Effectiveness be described?

<p>Developing potential initiatives that align culture and values with organizational strategy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do the Rules of Professional Conduct define?

<p>Member behaviors, the 'dos and don'ts' of professional practice.</p> Signup and view all the answers

When can you divulge confidential information?

<p>When required by law and/or when serious harm is imminent.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How should you identify risks?

<p>Identify, assess, develop strategies, implementation and communication, and monitor.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does ethics entail?

<p>Making decisions about what is acceptable and unacceptable with regard to an organization's people and processes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is strategy?

<p>The formulation of organizational missions, goals, objectives, and action plans for achievement that recognizes competition and the impact of outside environmental forces.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the best method for aligning HR strategy with business strategy?

<p>A combination of both in a form of a reciprocal relationship.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the four types of corporate restructuring strategies?

<p>Turnaround, Divestiture, Liquidation, and Bankruptcy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the four types of corporate growth strategies?

<p>Domestic strategy, Multidomestic strategy, Multinational strategy, Global strategy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a third-country national?

<p>Individuals from a third country who have intensive international experience and know the corporate culture.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are expatriates?

<p>Any individual who gives up residence in his/her home country to take up residence in a foreign country.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a low-cost leader strategy?

<p>Overall low-cost provider of a product/service that appeals to a broad range of customers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are practice standards?

<p>Mandatory (shall/must words); are recommended guidelines for members to follow but may not depending on the situation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is human capital theory?

<p>The collective sum of employees' attributes, experience, knowledge, and commitment invested in the organization.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is internal fit in HR strategy?

<p>HR must fit with other internal functional areas, such as marketing, and among all HR programs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is organizational fit in HR strategy?

<p>HR programs must align with the overall strategy of the organization.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is strategy formulation?

<p>The entire process of conceptualizing the mission of an organization, identifying the strategy, and developing long-range performance goals.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is strategy implementation?

<p>Activities that employees and managers undertake to enact the strategic plan, to achieve the performance goals.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some environmental factors to consider when formulating strategy?

<p>Economic climate; globalization; political factors; technological factors; demographic factors; social/cultural factors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is restructuring in strategy?

<p>Includes turnaround, divestiture, liquidation, and bankruptcies.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is growth in strategy?

<p>Includes incremental, international, mergers, and acquisitions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is stability in strategy?

<p>Maintaining the status quo; companies do not wish to see their company grow and so their strategic HRM practices remain constant.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is turnaround strategy?

<p>An attempt to increase the viability of an organization.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is divestiture?

<p>The sale of a division or part of an organization.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is liquidation?

<p>The termination of a business, plants are closed, and the sale of its assets.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is bankruptcy?

<p>A formal procedure in which an appointed trustee in bankruptcy takes possession of a business' assets and disposes of them in an orderly fashion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What programs can be offered to employees to help adjust to job loss?

<p>Advance notification of layoffs; severance pay and extended benefits; education and retraining programs; outplacement assistance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Strategic International Human Resources Management?

<p>Human resource management issues, functions, policies, and practices that result from the strategic activities of multinational enterprises.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is home-based policy?

<p>Employee will not lose money when at host country.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is host-based policy?

<p>Employee gets paid the same as the host country counterpart.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is region-based policy?

<p>Employee gets paid the same as the region they are in.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the steps in the strategic planning process?

<p>Establish the mission/vision/values; Develop objectives; Analyze external environment (SWOT); Determine the competitive position; Identify the competitive advantage; Implement the strategy; Evaluate.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a broad differentiation strategy?

<p>Differentiate the product offerings from rivals that appeal to a broad range of buyers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are focused (or market niche) strategies?

<p>Niche members a product/service customized to their tastes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a best-cost provider strategy?

<p>More value for the money by emphasizing both low cost and upscale difference.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a lower cost focused or market-niche strategy?

<p>Concentrating on a narrow buyer segment and outcompeting rivals on the basis of lower cost.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is competitive advantage?

<p>Characteristics of a firm that enable it to earn higher rates of profits than its competitors by utilizing its resources.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is workforce planning?

<p>The overall process of linking workforce strategies to desired business outcomes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is HR forecasting?

<p>Ascertaining the net requirement for personnel by determining the demand for and supply of human resources now and in the future.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the years for the current, short-run, medium-run, and long-run forecasts?

<p>Current: now/immediate; Short: 1 - 2 years; Medium: 2 - 5 years; Long: more than 5 years.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is transaction-based forecasting?

<p>Forecasting that focuses on tracking internal change instituted by the organization's managers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is event-based forecasting?

<p>Forecasting concerned with changes in the external environment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is process-based forecasting?

<p>Forecasting not focused on a specific internal event but on the flow of several work activities.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does demand refer to in HR terms?

<p>Requirement, what the organization's projected requirement is.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does supply refer to in HR terms?

<p>Availability; the source of workers to meet demand requirements.</p> Signup and view all the answers

We have a demand of 300 individuals. Our supply is 250 individuals. Are we in a surplus or deficit?

<p>Deficit.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is trend analysis?

<p>Forecasts labor demand through historical changes in an organizational index such as sales.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is ratio analysis?

<p>A straightforward method of examining the relationship between an operational index and the demand for labor.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are time series models?

<p>Uses past data to predict future demand; can be a simple moving average or a weighted moving average.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is regression analysis?

<p>Assumes that a linear relationship exists between independent variables which are predicted to affect the dependent variable, future HR demand for human capital.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the scenario planning process?

<p>Develop scenarios; develop strategies to match each scenario; identify core competencies required; use strategies if key trends turn true.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the nominal group technique?

<p>A group decision-making method in which individual members meet face to face to pool their judgments.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which demand forecasting technique would you use to determine your requirements over the next 1-2 weeks?

<p>Nominal Group Technique as it is quicker.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the Delphi technique?

<p>A process in which the forecasts and judgments of a selected group of experts are solicited and summarized.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which forecasting techniques are used for demand?

<p>Trend analysis, regression analysis, Delphi technique, nominal group technique, scenario planning process.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which forecasting techniques are used for supply?

<p>Markov analysis, linear programming, skills and management inventories, succession analysis, movement analysis, vacancy models.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Markov analysis?

<p>A method of forecasting internal labor supply that involves tracking employee movements through various jobs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is linear programming?

<p>A complex computer-based procedure that enables HR planners to calculate 'what if' scenarios.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are skills and management inventories?

<p>An individualized personnel record for managers that includes all elements in the skills inventory with specialized duties.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is replacement analysis?

<p>The process of finding employees for key managerial positions, focusing on readiness and suitability.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is succession management?

<p>The process of ensuring that pools of skilled employees are trained and available to meet strategic objectives.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is movement analysis?

<p>Analyzes personnel supply, specifically the ripple effect that promotions or job losses have on employee movement patterns.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are vacancy models?

<p>Over a year, look at compensation level/hierarchy level.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the steps in forecasting?

<p>Determine demand requirements, assess internal supply, determine net demand requirements, develop HR plans.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How would you address surplus at a company?

<p>Layoffs, job sharing, hiring freeze.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How would you address deficit at a company?

<p>Recruitment, recalling laid-off employees, recalling retirees.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the succession management process?

<p>Align plans with business strategy, identify skills needed, identify high-potential employees, provide development opportunities, monitor.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which forecasting technique provides a long-run qualitative forecast where experts meet and give their assessments about the future?

<p>Delphi technique.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Professional Practice

  • Refers to the competencies necessary to behave professionally and maintain high professionalism in all contexts.

Code of Ethics

  • Comprises principles guiding member conduct; more directional than specific regulations.

Standards of Practice

  • Consists of detailed guidelines for specific professional activities.

Practice Guidelines

  • Recommendations for best practices using suggestive language (should/might).

7 Main Principles in the Code of Ethics

  • Include Competence, Legal Requirements, Dignity in the Workplace, Balancing Interests, Confidentiality, Conflict of Interest, and Professional Growth and Support.

Components of Rules of Professional Conduct

  • Covers Registration, Regulation of Professional Conduct, Complaints/Investigations, and Appeals/Reviews.

Professional Misconduct Example

  • Lying about professional liability insurance falls under Professional Practice competency.

Responsibilities of HRM Professionals

  • Must comply with statutory acts and regulations related to HRM within their jurisdiction.

Application of HRPA Rules of Professional Conduct

  • Applicable to all HRPA members, regardless of their role (policy-makers or consultants).

Requirement for Professional Liability Insurance

  • HRPA members must maintain adequate professional liability insurance.

Support for Downsized Employees

  • Options include severance packages, extended benefits, education, and retraining.

Four C's for Downsizing

  • Encompasses Comprehensive Planning, Communication, Credibility, and Compassion.

Incremental vs. International Growth

  • Incremental growth refers to gradual development of products/services; international growth seeks new global customers/markets.

Acquisition and Merger Concepts

  • Acquisition is when one company purchases another; merger involves combining resources of two organizations.

Strategies in Different Markets

  • Domestic strategy targets the Canadian market; multidomestic strategy extends to two countries; multinational entails three or more; global strategy centralizes with a head office and regional branches.

Management Orientation Types

  • Ethnocentric assumes parent company management is best; polycentric assigns key positions to host country nationals; geocentric selects the best candidates regardless of origin.

Expatriate Definition

  • Individuals residing in a foreign country, having left their home country.

Types of Nationals in International HRM

  • Host-country nationals are local to the subsidiary; parent country nationals are from headquarters; third-country nationals have international experience but are not from either of the previous two categories.

Strategic Planning Overview

  • Involves the organization’s direction, performance goals, and approaches outlined in a formal document.

Organizational Effectiveness

  • Measures the success of an organization in achieving its intended outcomes.

Recruitment in Polycentric and Ethnocentric Approaches

  • Polycentric approaches favor host country nationals for recruitment; ethnocentric approaches favor parent country nationals.

Soft Goal Example

  • Employee satisfaction is identified as a soft goal.

HRPA Competency Framework on Organizational Effectiveness

  • Focuses on aligning cultural initiatives with the organization's strategy.

Rules of Professional Conduct

  • Specifies expected member behaviors, outlining professional practice "dos and don'ts."

Confidential Information Disclosure

  • Permissible only when legally required or when imminent serious harm is evident.

Risk Identification Process

  • Involves identifying, assessing, strategizing, implementing, and communicating risks, engaging all involved parties.

Ethics in Organizations

  • Involves making judgments regarding acceptable behavior in relation to people and processes within the organization.

Strategy Definition

  • Involves formulating missions, goals, and action plans considering competition and environmental factors.

Best Method for Aligning HR and Business Strategy

  • Most effective when leveraging a reciprocal relationship model.

Corporate Restructuring Strategies

  • Includes Turnaround, Divestiture, Liquidation, and Bankruptcy.

Corporate Growth Strategies

  • Encompasses Domestic, Multidomestic, Multinational, and Global strategies.

Compensation Policy Options

  • Home-based ensures no financial loss; host-based aligns pay with local counterparts; region-based matches compensation to regional standards.

Steps in Strategic Planning Process

  • Establish mission/vision/values; develop objectives; conduct SWOT analysis; define competitive position; implement strategy; and evaluate results.

Competitive Strategies

  • Low-cost leader focuses on price; broad differentiation seeks unique features; best-cost provider emphasizes value.

Workforce Planning Process

  • Involves strategic alignment of workforce strategies to achieve business outcomes.

HR Forecasting Essentials

  • Includes determining personnel demand and assessing internal supply for current and future needs.

Demand vs. Supply Definitions

  • Demand signifies the requirement for personnel; supply refers to the availability of workers to meet that demand.

Addressing Surpluses and Deficits

  • Surplus solutions: layoffs, job sharing, hiring freezes; deficits: recruitment, recalling laid-off employees.

Succession Management Process

  • Aligning workforce skills with business strategy through training and monitoring of high-potential employees.

Forecasting Techniques

  • Demand forecasting includes Trend Analysis, Regression Analysis, and Nominal Group Technique; supply forecasting involves Markov Analysis and Linear Programming.

Vacancy Models and Movement Analysis

  • Examine compensation levels and analyze how personnel movements affect supply and demand.

Outplacement Programs

  • Provide counseling and job-seeking assistance for terminated employees.

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Test your knowledge of essential terms related to Human Resources Professionalism with these HRPA class flashcards. This quiz covers key concepts such as Professional Practice, Code of Ethics, and Standards of Practice. Perfect for those studying for HR certification or wanting to strengthen their HR knowledge.

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