HR Diagram Flashcards
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Questions and Answers

Where on the HR Diagram are the Blue Giants located?

Top Left

Where on the HR Diagram are the Red Giants and Super-giants located?

Top Right

Where on the HR Diagram are the White Dwarfs located?

Bottom Left

Where on the HR Diagram are the Main Sequence stars located?

<p>Throughout the middle</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the HR Diagram show?

<p>The temperature and brightness of stars.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where would our star the Sun be located?

<p>Main Sequence</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where on the HR Diagram are the hottest stars located?

<p>Left Side</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where on the HR Diagram are the coolest stars located?

<p>Right Side</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where on the HR Diagram are the brightest stars located?

<p>Top</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where on the HR Diagram are the dimmest stars located?

<p>Bottom</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which star types on the HR Diagram are the hottest stars?

<p>Blue Giants and White Dwarfs</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which star types on the HR Diagram are the coolest stars?

<p>Red Giants and some Main Sequence</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is another word for luminosity?

<p>Brightness</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is the HR Diagram named for?

<p>Dr. Hertzsprung and Dr. Russell</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the highest temperature on the HR Diagram?

<p>70,000 degrees Fahrenheit (40,000 degrees Kelvin)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the lowest temperature on the HR Diagram?

<p>4,000 degrees Fahrenheit (2,500 degrees Kelvin)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which star types on the HR Diagram are the brightest stars?

<p>Blue Giants and Red Giants</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which star types on the HR Diagram are the dimmest stars?

<p>White Dwarfs and Some Main Sequence Stars</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is a star's color related to its temperature?

<p>The amount of light produced at each wavelength depends on the temperature of the object producing the light.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the general relationship between temperature and brightness?

<p>The hotter the star the more bright it will be</p> Signup and view all the answers

What relationship do you see between star color and star temperature?

<p>Blue or white are the hottest and red is the coolest.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where is our Sun located on the H-R Diagram?

<p>Our own star, the Sun, is nearly in the middle of both the temperature and luminosity scales relative to other stars.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What spectral class does our Sun belong to?

<p>G2</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the size of our Sun?

<p>Medium size star</p> Signup and view all the answers

A star is classified as being in a spectral class B. What is its color?

<p>Blue</p> Signup and view all the answers

A star is classified as being in a spectral class B. What is its temperature?

<p>31,000 K</p> Signup and view all the answers

We know dwarfs are smaller than our Sun. How can they be so bright?

<p>Because they are so extremely hot</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which star is the brightest white dwarf?

<p>Sirius B</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which star is the hottest supergiant?

<p>Conopus</p> Signup and view all the answers

What color is Deneb?

<p>Blue-white</p> Signup and view all the answers

What temperature is Sirius B?

<p>9,940 K</p> Signup and view all the answers

What temperature is Bernard's Star?

<p>2,500</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which star is the dimmest (less bright) on the chart?

<p>Bernard's Star</p> Signup and view all the answers

What category is the hottest star on the chart?

<p>Blue</p> Signup and view all the answers

What spectral class is represented by the star Sirius A?

<p>A</p> Signup and view all the answers

What spectral class is represented by the star Procyon B?

<p>F</p> Signup and view all the answers

What spectral class is represented by the star Capella?

<p>G</p> Signup and view all the answers

What spectral class is represented by the star Arcturus?

<p>K</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

HR Diagram Overview

  • The HR Diagram represents the relationship between stars' temperature and brightness.
  • Temperature is plotted on the horizontal axis, while brightness (luminosity) is on the vertical axis.

Star Locations on the HR Diagram

  • Blue Giants: Located at the top left, indicating high brightness and high temperature.
  • Red Giants and Supergiants: Found at the top right, characterized by high brightness but lower temperatures.
  • White Dwarfs: Positioned at the bottom left, showing low brightness and high temperature.
  • Main Sequence Stars: Occupy the middle of the diagram, including the Sun.

Temperature and Brightness

  • Hottest stars are found on the left side; light emitted is mostly blue and ultraviolet.
  • Coolest stars are on the right side, emitting red and infrared light.
  • Brightest stars are at the top, while the dimmest are at the bottom.

Star Classification

  • Stars are categorized into types based on temperature and brightness:
    • Hottest Stars: Blue Giants and White Dwarfs.
    • Coolest Stars: Red Giants and some Main Sequence stars.
  • The Sun is classified as a G2 type star and is a medium-sized star located in the middle of the HR Diagram.

Temperature Ranges

  • Highest temperature on the HR Diagram is 70,000°F (40,000 K).
  • Lowest temperature recorded is 4,000°F (2,500 K).

Color and Temperature Relationship

  • Star color indicates temperature: blue or white stars are the hottest; red stars are cooler.
  • The frequency of light emitted correlates to the star's temperature.

Spectral Classes

  • B Class: Blue, with a temperature of 31,000 K.
  • Notable spectral classes: Rigel (B), Betelgeuse (M), Sirius A (A), Procyon B (F), Capella (G), Arcturus (K).

Specific Stars

  • Sirius B: Brightest white dwarf star with a temperature of 9,940 K.
  • Conopus: Hottest supergiant star.
  • Deneb: Recognized for its blue-white color.
  • Betelgeuse: Noted as a red giant.
  • Bernard's Star: Identified as the dimmest star on the diagram.

Additional Insights

  • Stars classified as white dwarfs can be extremely bright due to their high temperatures, despite their smaller sizes.
  • The majority of stars in the universe are classified as Main Sequence stars.

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Description

Test your knowledge of the Hertzsprung-Russell Diagram with these flashcards. You'll learn about the placement of different types of stars, including Blue Giants, Red Giants, White Dwarfs, and Main Sequence stars. Perfect for Astronomy students looking to reinforce their understanding of stellar classifications.

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