9 Questions
Which type of epithelium does HPV infect?
Stratified squamous epithelium
How many HPV types have been identified to infect both skin and oral cavity?
Over 130
Where is squamous papilloma most commonly located in the oral cavity?
Soft palate, tongue, and lips
Which HPV types are associated with benign oral epithelial lesions?
6, 11, 13, 32
Which oral lesion is characterized by an exophytic nodule with numerous fingerlike surface projections above the mucosal lining?
Squamous Papilloma
Which oral lesion presents as a painless papule or nodule with papillary projections and is caused by a common viral infection on the skin?
Verruca vulgaris
Which oral lesion is a sexually transmitted disease caused by HPV types 6 and 11, and commonly presents as an exophytic mass with short, blunted surface projections?
Condyloma Acuminatum
Which oral lesion is characterized by multiple well-demarcated pink, papules and nodules, predominantly involving children, and has a good prognosis with spontaneous regression or conservative surgical excision?
Multifocal Epithelial Hyperplasia
Which benign tumor clinically mimics HPV-related lesions, more common in adults, and is characterized by papillary surface projections?
Verruciform Xanthoma
Study Notes
- Mark Lerman wrote about various papillomas and their clinical presentations, histopathological features, and treatments in the article "Oral Papillomas: Clinical, Histopathological, and Therapeutic Aspects" published in 2016.
- Squamous Papilloma: an exophytic nodule with numerous fingerlike surface projections above the mucosal lining. Its histopathological presentation reveals squamous papillary epithelial proliferation and a white zone around the nucleus. It is not contagious and rarely malignant.
- Verruca vulgaris: a common viral infection on the skin with koilocytes (virus-altered epithelial cells). It presents as a painless papule or nodule with papillary projections, and its histopathological presentation shows the difference in keratohyalin granules between it and Squamous Papilloma.
- Condyloma Acuminatum: a sexually transmitted disease caused by HPV types 6 and 11. It presents as an exophytic mass with short, blunted surface projections, most commonly on the labial mucosa, lingual frenum, and the soft palate. It is treated by surgical excision for oral lesions.
- Multifocal Epithelial Hyperplasia (Heck Disease): a rare, non-specific condition characterized by multiple well-demarcated pink, papules and nodules, predominantly involving children. It arises from elongated rete ridges with mitosis-like cells and has a good prognosis with spontaneous regression or conservative surgical excision.
- Verruciform Xanthoma: a benign tumor clinically mimicking HPV-related lesions, it is more common in adults and is characterized by papillary surface projections, with no definitive role of HPV in its pathogenesis.
- HPV-induced malignant oral epithelial lesions: include Verrucous Carcinoma, a low-grade variant of oral squamous cell carcinoma associated with HPV types 6, 11, 16, and 18, and HPV-related oropharyngeal carcinomas, which are more common in the posterior tongue and have a better prognosis if HPV-positive.
- HPV 16 is a distinct subset of oral epithelial dysplasia. Persistent HPV 16 infection increases the risk of oropharyngeal carcinomas, which are identified in 90% of HPV+ oropharyngeal cancers. The most important prognostic factor is HPV status, with a better five-year survival rate for HPV-positive cases.
Test your knowledge on epithelial lesions associated with Human Papillomavirus (HPV) in oral pathology. Learn about the different HPV types that infect the skin and oral cavity, modes of transmission, and oral HPV infections.
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