How well do you know the history of Portugal?
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Questions and Answers

What was the predominant society in Portugal before Roman conquest?

  • The Suebi
  • The Visigoths
  • The Celtic Castro culture (correct)
  • The Umayyad Caliphate

    • The Celtic Castro culture was the predominant society in Portugal before ______ conquest. Answer: Roman

    Who established the County of Portugal in the 9th century?

  • Afonso Henriques
  • Vímara Peres (correct)
  • Henry of Burgundy
  • Prince Henry the Navigator

    • Portugal had three sets of laws: Ordenações d'el Rei D. Duarte, Ordenações Afonsinas, and ______. Answer: Ordenações Manuelinas

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    Which Portuguese king acted as an absolute monarch and depleted the country's tax revenues on ambitious architectural works and commissions?

    <p>King John V</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Prince Henry the Navigator sponsored European exploration, leading to the discovery of the Azores, Madeira, Cape Verde, an eastern route to India, and ______. Answer: Brazil

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    Which treaty divided newly discovered lands outside Europe between Portugal and Spain?

    <p>The Treaty of Tordesillas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Portugal acquired its first overseas colony by conquering ______ in 1415. Answer: Ceuta

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    Portuguese explorers established trading posts along the ______ coast, colonized selected areas of Africa, and discovered an eastern route to India via the Cape of Good Hope. Answer: African

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    Who sponsored European exploration, leading to the discovery of the Azores, Madeira, Cape Verde, an eastern route to India, and Brazil?

    <p>Prince Henry the Navigator</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Vasco da Gama became the first European to reach India by sea, bringing economic prosperity to ______. Answer: Portugal

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    Who became the first European to reach India by sea, bringing economic prosperity to Portugal?

    <p>Vasco da Gama</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In 1580, Portugal entered a dynastic union with ______, which ended in 1640 with the Portuguese Restoration War. Answer: Spain

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    When did Portugal enter a dynastic union with Spain, which ended in 1640 with the Portuguese Restoration War?

    <p>1580</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who implemented economic policies in Portugal, abolished slavery, and reorganized the army and navy?

    <p>Sebastião José de Carvalho e Melo</p> Signup and view all the answers

    John IV of Portugal spearheaded an uprising and was proclaimed king, beginning the House of ______. Answer: Braganza

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    What was the name of the authoritarian regime that superseded the Portuguese First Republic?

    <p>The Estado Novo</p> Signup and view all the answers

    King John V acted as an absolute monarch, depleting the country's tax revenues on ambitious architectural works and ______. Answer: commissions

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    Which era saw Portugal become a major force in European politics and culture, with a focus on literature and centralization of royal power?

    <p>The Joanine era</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Sebastião José de Carvalho e Melo implemented economic policies in Portugal, abolished slavery, and reorganized the army and ______. Answer: navy.

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    Study Notes

    • Portugal is a country located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula.
    • Its territory includes the Atlantic archipelagos of the Azores and Madeira.
    • Portugal has a long history, with its territory being continuously settled, invaded, and fought over since prehistoric times.
    • It was ruled by the Romans, followed by the invasions of Germanic peoples and later the Moors, who were eventually expelled during the Reconquista.
    • Portugal officially gained its independence as the Kingdom of Portugal with the Treaty of Zamora in 1143.
    • In the 15th and 16th centuries, Portugal established one of the longest-lived maritime and commercial empires.
    • Portugal suffered a war for the crown succession which led to the incorporation of the country into the Spanish monarchy during the Iberian Union.
    • The 1910 revolution deposed Portugal's centuries-old monarchy, and established the democratic but unstable Portuguese First Republic, later being superseded by the Estado Novo (New State) authoritarian regime.
    • Democracy was restored after the Carnation Revolution (1974), ending the Portuguese Colonial War and eventually losing its remaining colonial possessions.
    • Portugal is a developed country with an advanced economy and is a member of various international organizations, including the United Nations, the European Union, and NATO.
    • The Celtic Castro culture was the predominant society in Portugal before Roman conquest.
    • The Roman conquest of Portugal took almost 200 years, with a rebellion led by Viriathus in the north.
    • Lusitania gained the status of a Roman province in 27 BC, and a northern province called Gallaecia was formed with Bracara Augusta as its capital.
    • Germanic tribes, including the Suebi and Vandals, invaded the Iberian Peninsula in the 5th century and formed their kingdom.
    • The Suebian Kingdom was established in the former Roman provinces of Gallaecia-Lusitania.
    • The Visigothic Kingdom took over the Suebian Kingdom in the 6th century and ruled the Iberian Peninsula for the next 300 years.
    • The Suebi left the strongest lasting cultural legacy in Portugal, Galicia, and western fringes of Asturias.
    • Today's continental Portugal was part of al-Andalus between 726 and 1249 under Umayyad Caliphate rule.
    • The Reconquista was a period of Christian reconquest of the Iberian Peninsula from Muslim rule.
    • Portugal became an independent kingdom in 1139 with Afonso Henriques as its first king.
    • Portugal became part of the Umayyad Caliphate in 726.
    • After the Caliphate's collapse, Portugal was ruled by various taifas or small kingdoms.
    • The region was mainly populated by native converts to Islam and Arab nobles.
    • The County of Portugal was established in the 9th century by Vímara Peres.
    • The County was later annexed into the Kingdom of Asturias and then given to Henry of Burgundy.
    • Afonso Henriques established himself as sole leader in 1128 and was proclaimed King of Portugal in 1139.
    • Portugal expanded southward during the Reconquista period, ending in 1249 with the capture of the Algarve.
    • Portugal made an alliance with England in 1373.
    • The House of Aviz became the ruling dynasty of Portugal in 1383.
    • The Joanine era saw Portugal become a major force in European politics and culture, with a focus on literature and centralization of royal power.
    1. Portugal had three sets of laws: Ordenações d'el Rei D. Duarte, Ordenações Afonsinas, and Ordenações Manuelinas.
    2. Prince Henry the Navigator sponsored European exploration, leading to the discovery of the Azores, Madeira, Cape Verde, an eastern route to India, and Brazil.
    3. Portugal acquired its first overseas colony by conquering Ceuta in 1415.
    4. Portuguese explorers established trading posts along the African coast, colonized selected areas of Africa, and discovered an eastern route to India via the Cape of Good Hope.
    5. The Treaty of Tordesillas divided newly discovered lands outside Europe between Portugal and Spain.
    6. Vasco da Gama became the first European to reach India by sea, bringing economic prosperity to Portugal.
    7. In 1580, Portugal entered a dynastic union with Spain, which ended in 1640 with the Portuguese Restoration War.
    8. John IV of Portugal spearheaded an uprising and was proclaimed king, beginning the House of Braganza.
    9. King John V acted as an absolute monarch, depleting the country's tax revenues on ambitious architectural works and commissions.
    10. Sebastião José de Carvalho e Melo implemented economic policies in Portugal, abolished slavery, and reorganized the army and navy.

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    Do you know the fascinating history of Portugal? Test your knowledge with our quiz! From the Roman conquest to the establishment of the Kingdom of Portugal, the Age of Exploration, and the Carnation Revolution, Portugal has a rich and complex history. Learn about the country's cultural and political legacy, including the impact of the Celtic Castro culture, the Muslim rule under the Umayyad Caliphate, the Reconquista, and the House of Aviz. Discover how Portugal became a major force in

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