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Questions and Answers
Where was Gandhi born?
Where was Gandhi born?
- In Mumbai
- In New Delhi
- In Kolkata
- In coastal Gujarat (correct)
What did Gandhi do during his time in South Africa?
What did Gandhi do during his time in South Africa?
- He led campaigns for Indian independence
- He employed nonviolent resistance in a campaign for civil rights (correct)
- He adopted a simple lifestyle
- He trained to become a lawyer
What did Gandhi challenge with the Dandi Salt March in 1930?
What did Gandhi challenge with the Dandi Salt March in 1930?
- British-imposed tea tax
- British-imposed salt tax (correct)
- British-imposed tobacco tax
- British-imposed sugar tax
What was Gandhi's vision for an independent India?
What was Gandhi's vision for an independent India?
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What happened in 1947 when Britain granted independence to India?
What happened in 1947 when Britain granted independence to India?
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Study Notes
- Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi was an Indian lawyer and anti-colonial nationalist.
- He employed nonviolent resistance to lead India's successful campaign for independence from British rule.
- Gandhi was born in 1869 in coastal Gujarat and trained in law in London.
- He spent 21 years in South Africa, where he first employed nonviolent resistance in a campaign for civil rights.
- Gandhi returned to India in 1915 and led nationwide campaigns for easing poverty, expanding women's rights, and achieving self-rule.
- He adopted a simple lifestyle, including wearing a short dhoti and undertaking long fasts as a means of political protest.
- Gandhi challenged the British-imposed salt tax with the Dandi Salt March in 1930 and called for the British to quit India in 1942.
- He was imprisoned many times in both South Africa and India.
- Gandhi's vision of an independent India based on religious pluralism was challenged by Muslim nationalism in the early 1940s.
- In 1947, Britain granted independence and partitioned the British Indian Empire into Hindu-majority India and Muslim-majority Pakistan, leading to religious violence. Gandhi attempted to alleviate distress and undertook several hunger strikes.
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