36 Questions
Which act were the Morley-Minto reforms introduced as an amendment to?
Indian Councils Acts of 1861 and 1892
What was the aim of the Morley-Minto reforms?
To increase Indian participation in governance
What was the Shimla Deputation?
A group of Muslim leaders who demanded separate electorates
What was the method of election introduced by the Morley-Minto reforms?
Indirect election
How were the elected members of legislative councils chosen under the Morley-Minto reforms?
By an electoral college elected by local bodies
What was the system of communal representation introduced for Muslims under the Morley-Minto reforms?
Separate electorates
Who became the first Indian to join the Viceroy's Executive Council under the Morley-Minto reforms?
Satyendra Prasad Sinha
What was the Congress's view on separate electorates under the Morley-Minto reforms?
They opposed it
Did the Morley-Minto reforms concede responsibility to Indians?
No
What impression did the Act give regarding the infiltration of legislators?
It gave the impression of infiltration of legislators through a number of sieves
What did the Morley-Minto reforms give Indians avenues to do?
To demand complete independence
What did the Morley-Minto reforms give the people according to the text?
Shadow
Who demanded separate electorates for Muslims and greater representation in view of their contribution to the empire's defense?
The Shimla Deputation
What was the aim of the Morley-Minto reforms?
To widen the scope of legislative councils
What was the method of election introduced by the Morley-Minto reforms?
Indirect election
Who was the first Indian to join the Viceroy's Executive Council?
Satyendra Prasad Sinha
What was the Congress's view on separate electorates introduced by the Morley-Minto reforms?
They considered it undemocratic
What was the position of the Governor-General after the Morley-Minto reforms were introduced?
It remained unchanged
What impression did the Act legalizing communalism give?
The impression of infiltration of legislators
What avenues did the Morley-Minto reforms provide for Indians?
Avenues to ventilate their grievances
What was the intent of Morley regarding the parliamentary system?
To establish a parliamentary system
What did the Morley-Minto reforms give the people according to the text?
Benevolent despotism
What was the aim of the Morley-Minto reforms according to the text?
To reduce nationalist ranks
What did the Morley-Minto reforms legalise according to the text?
Communalism
What was the alternative name given to the Indian Councils Act of 1909?
The Minto-Morley reforms
What was the purpose of the Indian Councils Act of 1909?
To widen the scope of legislative councils
What was the method of election introduced by the Indian Councils Act of 1909?
Election by indirect vote
What was the reason for granting separate electorates to Muslims under the Indian Councils Act of 1909?
To appease the disseminate Muslims from National Movement
What was the Indian Councils Act of 1909 amending?
The Indian Councils Acts of 1861 and 1892
What was the view of the Congress on separate electorates for Muslims under the Indian Councils Act of 1909?
They opposed it
What did the people demand from the Indian Councils Act of 1909?
Self-government
What was the background for the Indian Councils Act of 1909?
To placate the demands of moderates in Indian National Congress
What did the Indian Councils Act of 1909 give Indians avenues to do?
Participate in the governance
What did the Indian Councils Act of 1909 give the people according to the text?
'Benevolent despotism'
Who were the Morley-Minto reforms named after?
Lord John Morley and Lord Minto
What was the system of communal representation introduced for Muslims under the Indian Councils Act of 1909?
Separate electorates
Study Notes
The Morley-Minto Reforms: Introduction, Features, and Evaluation
- The Morley-Minto reforms were introduced in 1909 as an amendment to the Indian Councils Acts of 1861 and 1892, aimed at widening the scope of legislative councils and increasing Indian participation in governance.
- The reforms were a response to the demands of the Shimla Deputation, which demanded separate electorates for Muslims and greater representation in view of their contribution to the empire's defense.
- The reforms considerably increased the size of legislative councils, both central and provincial, and introduced the method of indirect election.
- The elected members were chosen by an electoral college, which was elected by local bodies, and the system of communal representation was introduced for Muslims through separate electorates.
- The Act provided for the association of Indians with the executive councils of the Viceroy and Governors, and Satyendra Prasad Sinha became the first Indian to join the Viceroy's Executive Council.
- The reforms aimed to divide nationalist ranks by confusing moderates and checking the growth of unity among Indians through separate electorates.
- The Congress considered separate electorates to be undemocratic and hindering the development of a shared Hindu-Muslim Indian national feeling.
- The reforms did not concede responsibility, and the position of the Governor-General remained unchanged, with his veto power undiluted.
- The Act legalised communalism and gave the impression of infiltration of legislators through a number of sieves.
- The reforms gave some avenues for Indians to ventilate their grievances, criticise the executives, and make suggestions for better administration.
- The Act laid the groundwork for a parliamentary system, even though this was contrary to the intent of Morley.
- The reforms gave the people a shadow rather than substance, and they demanded self-government but were given "benevolent despotism."
Test your knowledge on the Morley-Minto Reforms, a significant step towards Indian participation in governance during the British colonial period. This quiz covers the introduction, features, and evaluation of the reforms, including the impact of communal representation and the role of the Governor-General. Challenge yourself and see how much you know about this pivotal moment in Indian history.
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