How much do you know about meningitis?

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Questions and Answers

What are the clinical manifestations of acute pyogenic meningitis?

  • Cough, runny nose, and sore throat
  • Sudden high fever, stiff neck, severe headache, confusion, seizures, and sensitivity to light (correct)
  • Nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea
  • Chest pain and shortness of breath

What is encephalitis?

  • Inflammation of the lungs caused by bacterial infections
  • Inflammation of the heart caused by fungal infections
  • Inflammation of the brain caused by bacterial, viral, fungal, or protozoal infections (correct)
  • Inflammation of the liver caused by viral infections

What are some risk factors for cerebrovascular diseases?

  • Eating too many vegetables
  • Lack of physical exercise
  • High cholesterol levels (correct)
  • Drinking too much water

What is the primary bacterial involvement of the brain parenchyma?

<p>Tuberculosis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What causes an inflammatory response leading to cerebral edema and increased intracranial pressure in acute pyogenic meningitis?

<p>Lipopolysaccharide and Teichoic acid in bacterial cell walls (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some pathologic processes involved in cerebrovascular diseases?

<p>Thrombosis and vessel rupture (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the gross features of encephalitis?

<p>Localized area of inflammatory necrosis and edema surrounded by a fibrous capsule (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is bacterial meningitis treated?

<p>With antibiotics (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the stroke syndrome?

<p>A common feature of cerebrovascular disease (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can result from ischemic brain damage?

<p>Reduced blood flow or local vascular obstruction (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can result in obstructive hydrocephalus in acute pyogenic meningitis?

<p>Pus accumulation in the subarachnoid space (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can cause anoxia to the brain?

<p>Direct toxic injury (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can meningococcal meningitis cause?

<p>Hemorrhagic rash and meningococcal septicemia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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Study Notes

  • Acute pyogenic meningitis can be caused by blood stream infection, adjacent focus of infection, or iatrogenic infection.
  • Clinical manifestations include sudden high fever, stiff neck, severe headache, confusion, seizures, and sensitivity to light.
  • Lipopolysaccharide and Teichoic acid in bacterial cell walls incite an inflammatory response leading to cerebral edema and increased intracranial pressure.
  • Delayed therapy can result in cerebral infarction.
  • Meningitis is an inflammation of the meninges due to viral or bacterial infection.
  • Symptoms include headache, fever, loss of appetite, intolerance to light and sound, and neck muscle rigidity.
  • Meningococcal meningitis can cause a hemorrhagic rash and can lead to meningococcal septicemia.
  • Bacterial meningitis is treated with antibiotics and viral meningitis does not respond to drugs.
  • Pus accumulates in the subarachnoid space and can result in obstructive hydrocephalus.
  • Ventriculitis may also be present in fulminant cases.

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