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What is Hemolytic Disease of the Newborn?
What is Hemolytic Disease of the Newborn?
- A condition where the mother's blood type is Rh-positive and the fetus is Rh-negative
- A condition where the mother's blood type is Rh-negative and the fetus is Rh-positive (correct)
- A condition where the mother's blood type is B-negative and the fetus is AB-positive
- A condition where the mother's blood type is A-positive and the fetus is O-negative
How can Hemolytic Disease of the Newborn be prevented during the first pregnancy?
How can Hemolytic Disease of the Newborn be prevented during the first pregnancy?
- Administering a single dose of anti-Rh antibodies during the postpartum period (correct)
- Treatment with a small dose of Rh immune serum during pregnancy.
- None of the above
- Fetal Rh typing with material obtained by amniocentesis or chorionic villus sampling.
What is Kernicterus?
What is Kernicterus?
- A condition where the fetus is Rh-negative and the mother is Rh-positive
- A condition where the mother's blood type is AB-negative and the fetus is O-positive
- A condition where bilirubin penetrates the brain causing brain damage in the newborn. (correct)
- A condition where the mother's agglutinins cross the placenta to the fetus causing hemolysis.
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Study Notes
- Hemolytic Disease of the Newborn occurs when an Rh-negative mother carries an Rh-positive fetus.
- Fetal blood can leak into the maternal circulation during delivery, causing the mother to develop anti-Rh agglutinins.
- During the next pregnancy, the mother's agglutinins can cross the placenta to the fetus and cause hemolysis.
- Hemolysis can lead to anemia, severe jaundice, edema, and Kernicterus in the newborn.
- Sensitization of Rh-negative mothers by carrying an Rh-positive fetus generally occurs at birth.
- Hemolytic disease occurs in Rh-positive fetuses born to Rh-negative mothers who have previously been pregnant with Rh-positive fetuses.
- Administering a single dose of anti-Rh antibodies during the postpartum period can prevent sensitization from occurring the first time.
- Fetal Rh typing with material obtained by amniocentesis or chorionic villus sampling is now possible.
- Treatment with a small dose of Rh immune serum can prevent sensitization during pregnancy.
- Bilirubin penetrates the brain more easily in infants due to the blood-brain barrier being more permeable and the bilirubin-conjugating system not yet being mature.
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