How much do you know about Giardia lamblia and host immunity?

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Questions and Answers

What is the role of IgA and IgM in controlling Giardia lamblia infection?

  • They promote attachment of the trophozoites to the intestinal epithelium
  • They directly kill the trophozoites
  • They inhibit attachment of the trophozoites to the intestinal epithelium (correct)
  • They have no role in parasite clearance

Which immune cells are important for parasite clearance?

  • B cells
  • CD4+ T cells (correct)
  • NK cells
  • CD8+ T cells

What happens to antibody levels in an immunocompromised patient with giardiasis?

  • Levels of IgG and IgM antibodies are increased, but IgA levels are decreased
  • Levels of IgG, IgM, and IgA antibodies are increased
  • Levels of IgG, IgM, and IgA antibodies are unchanged
  • Levels of IgG, IgM, and IgA antibodies are depressed (correct)

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Study Notes

  • Giardia lamblia is an extracellular parasite of the small intestine.
  • Trophozoites display surface antigenic variation mediated by variant-specific surface proteins (VSP).
  • Both humoral and cellular mechanisms are important for parasite clearance.
  • IgA and IgM secretions of the host control the infection.
  • Depletion of CD4+ T cells results in a marked decrease in parasite clearance.
  • IgA-dependent host defenses are central for eradicating Giardia trophozoites.
  • IgA binds to the surface of the trophozoite, inhibiting attachment to the intestinal epithelium.
  • Specific IgA has been detected bound to trophozoite surfaces in human jejunal biopsies and jejunal fluid.
  • In an immunocompromised patient, prolongation and recrudescence of giardiasis is evident.
  • Levels of IgG, IgM, and IgA antibodies are depressed in an immunocompromised patient.

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