Questions and Answers
What is the main advantage of using hydrogen as a fuel in fuel cells?
It is domestically produced from local resources
What is the main purpose of fuel cells?
To convert the chemical energy of hydrogen and oxygen into electrical energy
How do fuel cells compare to internal combustion engines in terms of energy efficiency?
Fuel cells are more energy-efficient
What is the best type of fuel cell for automotive applications?
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What is the purpose of an electrical storage device in fuel-cell hybrid vehicles?
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What can poison the PEM fuel-cell catalyst?
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What is the standard used worldwide for hydrogen-fueling stations?
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What is the method of storing hydrogen onboard a vehicle using liquid methanol?
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What is the purpose of the humidifier in a PEM fuel cell?
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What is the purpose of an air compressor in fuel-cell vehicles?
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Study Notes
- A fuel cell converts the chemical energy of hydrogen and oxygen into electrical energy.
- Fuel cells are being developed to power homes and vehicles while producing low or zero emissions.
- Hydrogen is an excellent fuel as it has a high specific energy and is domestically produced from local resources.
- Fuel cells are more energy-efficient than internal combustion engines and have few moving parts.
- Fuel-cell vehicles use the fuel cell as their only source of power, while fuel-cell hybrid vehicles also have an electrical storage device.
- There are several types of fuel cells, with the Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) being the best suited for automotive applications.
- PEM fuel cells operate at ambient temperatures and can start quickly.
- A fuel-cell stack contains hundreds of fuel cells connected in series to increase power output.
- CO present in the hydrogen stream can poison the PEM fuel-cell catalyst.
- Hydrogen is stored aboveground at hydrogen stations and is filled into FCEVs at high pressures.
- Hydrogen fueling stations use pressures of H35 or H70.
- Higher pressure allows for more hydrogen to be added to the tank.
- The speed of fueling is related to the amount of cooling the dispenser allows.
- SAE International-created standard J2601 is used worldwide for hydrogen-fueling stations.
- High-pressure cylinders and liquid methanol are methods of storing hydrogen onboard a vehicle.
- Methanol has a higher-energy density than gaseous hydrogen.
- Direct methanol fuel cells have challenges such as corrosiveness and fuel crossover.
- The humidifier in a PEM fuel cell keeps the electrolyte damp and functioning correctly.
- Fuel-cell vehicles use an air compressor to supply air to the positive electrodes of each cell.
- The U.S. Department of Energy website can be used to find hydrogen stations.
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