How much do you know about drive axles and differentials?

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Questions and Answers

What is the purpose of a drive axle assembly?

  • To change the direction of engine torque and allow the drive wheels to rotate at different speeds (correct)
  • To provide power to the engine
  • To steer the vehicle
  • To control the suspension system

Which type of vehicles use a live axle to transfer power to the drive wheels?

  • Front-wheel-drive cars
  • Rear-wheel-drive vehicles (correct)
  • All-wheel-drive cars
  • Four-wheel-drive trucks

What is the gear ratio of the final drive called?

  • The axle ratio (correct)
  • The ring and pinion ratio
  • The differential ratio
  • The gear reduction ratio

What type of differential directs more power to the side gear attached to the wheel with better traction?

<p>Limited-slip differential (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When does differential action occur in a vehicle?

<p>When it corners (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the potential drawbacks of changing the rear end ratio?

<p>Decreased fuel economy, incorrect speedometer and odometer readings, increased engine noise, and increased engine wear (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of differential uses tapered cones instead of clutch packs?

<p>Cone-type preloading clutch differential (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of differential uses a silicone-based fluid to resist high-speed differences between shafts?

<p>Viscous-coupled differential (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of lubricants with friction modifiers in differentials?

<p>To prevent premature wear and vibration in clutch discs (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some brand names used by different manufacturers for their differentials?

<p>Positive Traction, Sure-Grip, Anti-Spin, and Traction-Lok (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of adjustment shims in differentials?

<p>To vary the amount of traction needed for locking (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of differential uses a torque sensing, locking design with worm side gears and worm wheel pinions?

<p>Torsen differential (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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Study Notes

  • Rear-wheel-drive vehicles use a live axle to transfer power to the drive wheels, while front-wheel-drive cars use a nonpowered rear axle or final drive assembly.
  • A drive axle assembly includes ring and pinion gears, a differential, and axle shafts.
  • The purpose of a drive axle assembly is to change the direction of engine torque and allow the drive wheels to rotate at different speeds.
  • The final gear reduction in the drive train occurs in the drive axle assembly, and the gear ratio of the final drive is called the axle ratio.
  • Final drive gear sets may be hunting, nonhunting, or partially nonhunting, depending on the final drive gear ratio.
  • Open differentials deliver equal torque to both wheels at all times, while limited-slip differentials direct more power to the side gear attached to the wheel with better traction.
  • When a vehicle travels straight, differential action does not occur, but when it corners, the outside wheel gains the same number of RPMs that the wheel on the inside loses.
  • Changing the rear end ratio can increase vehicle performance but may lead to decreased fuel economy, incorrect speedometer and odometer readings, increased engine noise, and increased engine wear.
  • The final drive gear ratio affects final drive gear set manufacture and service, and manufacturers lap the contacting gear teeth to decrease wear.
  • The position of the drive pinion gear on the ring gear changes during operation, and the gear lubrication must be specifically designed for hypoid gear sets.
  • Differentials distribute torque to both wheels in a vehicle.
  • Limited-slip differentials allow for equal or unequal torque distribution.
  • Preloaded clutches use springs and clutch packs to lock side gears to the case.
  • Adjustment shims can be used to vary the amount of traction needed for locking.
  • Cone-type preloading clutch differentials use tapered cones instead of clutch packs.
  • Viscous-coupled differentials use a silicone-based fluid to resist high-speed differences between shafts.
  • Eaton "locker" differentials use a unique mechanism to compress clutch packs.
  • Torsen differentials use a torque sensing, locking design with worm side gears and worm wheel pinions.
  • Lubricants with friction modifiers are important for clutch discs to prevent premature wear and vibration.
  • Different manufacturers use different brand names for their differentials such as Positive Traction, Sure-Grip, Anti-Spin, and Traction-Lok.

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