How much do you know about Albert Einstein?

The Life and Achievements of Albert Einstein

Albert Einstein was a German-born theoretical physicist and is widely acknowledged as one of the greatest and most influential physicists of all time.
He is best known for developing the theory of relativity and making important contributions to the development of the theory of quantum mechanics.
Relativity and quantum mechanics are the two pillars of modern physics.
His mass-energy equivalence formula E=mc2, which arises from relativity theory, has been dubbed "the world's most famous equation".
Einstein received the 1921 Nobel Prize in Physics "for his services to theoretical physics, and especially for his discovery of the law of the photoelectric effect".
He was born in the German Empire in 1879 and moved to Switzerland in 1895, where he obtained his education and citizenship.
Einstein worked at the Swiss Patent Office in Bern from 1903 to 1909, where he evaluated patent applications related to electrical devices.
In 1905, he published four groundbreaking papers, known as his annus mirabilis ('miracle year'), outlining the theory of the photoelectric effect, explaining Brownian motion, introducing special relativity, and demonstrating mass-energy equivalence.
He became a full professor at the German Charles-Ferdinand University in Prague in 1911, accepting Austrian citizenship in the Austro-Hungarian Empire to do so.
Einstein moved to Berlin in 1914, where he joined the Prussian Academy of Sciences and the Humboldt University of Berlin, and became director of the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Physics in 1917.
He opposed the development of nuclear weapons and wrote a letter to President Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1939 urging him to begin similar research in the US to counter the potential German nuclear weapons program.
Einstein had two marriages and several relationships throughout his life, and his son Eduard was diagnosed with schizophrenia and spent most of his life in psychiatric hospitals.Albert Einstein's Life and Accomplishments
Einstein was a professor of theoretical physics at the ETH Zurich from 1912 to 1914, where he taught analytical mechanics and thermodynamics.
He was a member of the Prussian Academy of Sciences in Berlin from 1913 and became the director of the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Physics in 1917.
Einstein used his 1907 equivalence principle to calculate the deflection of light from another star by the Sun's gravity in 1911.
In 1913, Einstein improved upon those calculations by using the curvature of spacetime to represent the gravity field.
By the fall of 1915, Einstein had successfully completed his general theory of relativity, which he used to calculate that deflection and the perihelion precession of Mercury.
In 1919, that deflection prediction was confirmed by Sir Arthur Eddington during the solar eclipse of 29 May 1919, which made Einstein world-famous.
Einstein was awarded the 1921 Nobel Prize in Physics for his services to Theoretical Physics, and especially for his discovery of the law of the photoelectric effect.
Einstein resigned from the Prussian Academy in March 1933 due to the rise of the Nazis under Germany's new chancellor, Adolf Hitler.
Einstein's works were among those targeted by the German Student Union in the Nazi book burnings in 1933.
He was aided by the Academic Assistance Council to leave Germany and rented a house in De Haan, Belgium, where he lived for a few months.
In late July 1933, he went to England for about six weeks at the personal invitation of British naval officer Commander Oliver Locker-Lampson.
Einstein asked leaders of other nations, including Turkey's Prime Minister, İsmet İnönü, to help place unemployed German-Jewish scientists, resulting in over "1,000 saved individuals".The Life and Legacy of Albert Einstein
Albert Einstein was born in Ulm, Germany in 1879 and was a theoretical physicist who developed the theory of relativity.
He won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1921 for his discovery of the law of photoelectric effect.
Einstein was a pacifist and publicly spoke out against war, but later advocated for the development of the atomic bomb to prevent the Nazis from obtaining it.
He became a resident scholar at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, New Jersey, where he developed a close friendship with Kurt Gödel.
Einstein was a member of the German Democratic Party and later became a socialist who advocated for world government to prevent war.
He was involved in civil rights activism and joined the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People in Princeton.
Einstein was a figurehead leader in helping establish the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, but was against the creation of an independent Jewish state.
He was deeply impressed by Mahatma Gandhi and exchanged written letters with him.
Einstein had a love for music and played the violin, performing for private audiences and friends.
Einstein died in 1955 at the age of 76 due to internal bleeding caused by a ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm.
His brain was removed without permission for preservation in the hope that the neuroscience of the future would be able to discover what made Einstein so intelligent.
Einstein bequeathed his personal archives, library, and intellectual assets to the Hebrew University of Jerusalem in Israel.Albert Einstein's Contributions to Physics
Einstein collaborated with his first wife, Mileva Marić, and submitted a paper on capillarity in 1900, which was published in 1901.
In 1905, Einstein published four papers known as the Annus Mirabilis papers, which contributed substantially to the foundation of modern physics and changed views on space, time, and matter.
Einstein's first two papers in 1902-1903 attempted to interpret atomic phenomena from a statistical point of view and were the foundation for his 1905 paper on Brownian motion, which provided evidence for the existence of molecules.
Einstein's research in 1903-1904 was focused on the effect of finite atomic size on diffusion phenomena.
Einstein returned to the problem of thermodynamic fluctuations and gave a treatment of the density variations in a fluid at its critical point, which led to the theory of critical opalescence.
In 1905, Einstein published his paper on special relativity, which reconciled conflicts between Maxwell's equations and the laws of Newtonian mechanics and predicted the mass-energy equivalence.
Einstein developed general relativity between 1907 and 1915 and predicted gravitational waves, which were later detected in 2015.
Einstein proposed the existence of wormholes in 1935 with Nathan Rosen, which were later found to be unstable.
Einstein applied the general theory of relativity to the structure of the universe as a whole in 1917 and introduced the cosmological constant to the field equations to predict a static universe, which he later abandoned.
Einstein postulated that light consists of localized particles (quanta) in 1905, which was nearly universally rejected by physicists until Robert Millikan's experiments in 1919.
Einstein proposed a model of matter in 1907 where each atom in a lattice structure is an independent harmonic oscillator, which was refined by Peter Debye.
In 1924, Einstein received a description of a statistical model from Satyendra Nath Bose, based on a counting method that assumed that light could be understood as a gas of indistinguishable particles, which led to Bose-Einstein statistics and the Bose-Einstein condensate phenomenon.