243 Questions
What is the main focus of hospitals today?
Offering technical services for the sick and well
Which factor has influenced the changing role of hospitals?
Expansion of clientele from all classes of people
What has led to the increase in demand for hospital beds?
Rapid advances in medical science and technology
Which area has the emphasis shifted towards from curative to preventive?
Acute out-patient care
What is one of the factors influencing hospital utilization?
Improved transportation and communication services
What is the duty of the government in relation to comprehensive health care?
To ensure comprehensive health care
What is the primary focus of hospitals today?
Achieving the highest standard of patient care and community health
Which aspect has led to the expansion of hospital clientele?
Improved socio-economic status
What has contributed to the increase in demand for hospital beds?
Rapid advances in medical science and technology
What is the primary factor influencing hospital utilization?
Improved transportation and communication services
What has led to the reorientation of the health care delivery system?
Emphasis on primary health care
Which aspect has contributed to the increasing demand for hospital beds?
Expansion of clientele from all classes of people
Which of the following is NOT an example of primary health care services provided within the wall of a hospital?
Outpatient services
Which level of prevention focuses on early identification and treatment to prevent sequelae?
Secondary prevention
Which type of disease is caused by pathogens and can spread from one person to another?
Infectious disease
What is NOT considered an example of an essential component of a hospital?
Methods of payment for hospital services
What has led to the shift from indoor care to outpatient care in modern hospitals?
Rising cost of hospital care
Which factor influences the health needs of a community based on demographic characteristics?
Marital status
What does 'NAS' stand for in relation to preventive health care?
Neonatal abstinence syndrome
What are the two levels of prevention mentioned in the text?
Primary prevention and secondary prevention
What is the focus of tertiary prevention?
Early identification and treatment to prevent sequelae
Which option represents an extramural function outside the wall of a hospital?
Outreach services
What is the purpose of preventive care, as mentioned in the text?
To improve population health in the long-term
What is the main focus of modern hospitals today?
Outpatient care
What has led to the reorientation of the health care delivery system?
Rising prevalence of chronic diseases
Which aspect has contributed to the increasing demand for hospital beds?
Preventive care
What factor has influenced the changing role of hospitals?
Morbidity and mortality rate
What has led to the shift from indoor care to outpatient care in modern hospitals?
Rising cost of hospital care
Which type of disease is caused by pathogens and can spread from one person to another?
Infectious disease
'NAS' stands for what in relation to preventive health care?
Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome
What are the two levels of prevention mentioned in the text?
Primary prevention and secondary prevention
What is the purpose of preventive care, as mentioned in the text?
To reduce or eliminate causative risk factors
What is the focus of tertiary prevention?
Early identification and treatment to prevent sequelae
What is one of the factors influencing hospital utilization?
Family financial resources
Which factor influences the health needs of a community based on demographic characteristics?
Age
What is the primary focus of hospitals today?
Offering technical services for the sick and well
Which factor has influenced the changing role of hospitals?
Improved transportation and communication services
Which aspect has contributed to the increasing demand for hospital beds?
Expansion of clientele from all classes of people
What has led to the increase in demand for hospital beds?
Increase in population leading to increase in demand for hospital beds
Which factor influences the health needs of a community based on demographic characteristics?
Improved socio-economic status
Which area has the emphasis shifted towards from curative to preventive?
Preventive care
What is NOT considered an example of an essential component of a hospital?
Adequate parking facilities for visitors
What is the focus of tertiary prevention?
Provide rehabilitation and support to people affected by an illness or injury
Which factor has led to the reorientation of the health care delivery system?
Reorientation of health care delivery system with an emphasis on primary health care
What has led to the shift from indoor care to outpatient care in modern hospitals?
Rapid advances in medical science and technology
What has contributed to the increase in demand for hospital beds?
Expansion of clientele from all classes of people
What is the primary focus of understanding the organizational structure of a hospital?
Facilitating the understanding of the hospital’s chain of command
What does a hospital system comprise of, according to the text?
Organization and management
What is the role of a hospital as mentioned in the text?
Fulfilling health needs of the community
What is one of the essential components required by a hospital, as stated in the text?
Necessary supplies and facilities
Why is it important to understand the organizational structure of a hospital?
To clarify the role of each category of organization structure
What is the purpose of a hospital's organizational structure, according to the text?
To show which individual or department is accountable for each area of the hospital
What does a hospital require for efficient functioning, as mentioned in the text?
Highly trained employees, supplies, and facilities
What does understanding the chain of command within a hospital facilitate, according to the text?
Showing accountability for each area of the hospital
What is a multifaceted organization comprising many committees, departments, types of personnel, and services as described in the text?
Hospital
What does a hospital have similar structure and hierarchy to as described in the text?
A large business
What are health services designed to meet, according to the text?
The health needs of the community through available resources and knowledge
What does understanding organizational structure facilitate as stated in the text?
Clarifying the role of each category of organization structure
What is the primary goal of Occupational Therapy (OT) treatment?
Help patients regain fine motor skills for independent functioning at home and work
What is the main concern of Medical Psychology?
Mental well-being of patients
What is the main function of Respiratory Therapy (RT)?
Treat heart and lung diseases
What is the role of the Pharmacy department in a healthcare facility?
Ensure drug compatibility
What is the responsibility of the Central Supply department within a healthcare facility?
Sterilize instruments or supplies
What is the focus of the Biomedical Technology department in a healthcare facility?
Diagnose and repair defective equipment
What does the Medical Laboratory (MT) department primarily study?
Study body tissues to determine abnormalities
'Out-Patient services' in a hospital are primarily for providing which type of services?
Diagnosis & treatment of illness of an urgent nature & injuries from accidents
What is the main function of the Engineering and maintenance services in a hospital?
Maintain a safe clean environment
Which area does the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) of a hospital cater to primarily?
Those who need Acute, multidisciplinary and intensive observation and treatment
What is NOT considered an example of an essential component of a hospital?
Housekeeping and Maintenance maintaining a safe clean environment
What is NOT the focus of Sports Medicine in a healthcare facility?
Treat patient’s with heart and lung diseases
Which department in a hospital is responsible for managing and directing pharmacy services?
Therapeutic Services
Who is responsible for establishing the hospital's mission and strategic policies?
Board of Trustees
What level of hospital management is directly accountable to the hospital's board of directors and submits an annual budget for approval?
Chief Executive Officer (CEO)
Which department in a hospital is responsible for computers and the hospital network?
Information Systems
Who is primarily responsible for diagnosing a patient's condition accurately and prescribing a treatment plan in a hospital?
Medical Staff
Which department in a hospital provides treatment to prevent or limit permanent disability and improve large-muscle mobility?
Physical Therapy (PT)
Who is responsible for recruiting/hiring employees and employee benefits in a hospital?
Human Resources
What is the role of the Chief Operating Officer (COO) in a hospital?
Responsible for daily operations
Which department in a hospital is typically responsible for recruiting/hiring employees and managing employee benefits?
Human Resources department
What is the primary responsibility of the Board of Trustees in a hospital?
Establishing the hospital's mission and bylaws
Which level of hospital management is responsible for submitting an annual budget expressing both expenditures and revenue?
Hospital Director (CEO)
What is the main responsibility of the Information Systems department in a hospital?
Managing the hospital's computers and network
What is the primary role of the medical staff within a hospital?
Diagnosing patient conditions and prescribing treatment plans
What is a primary responsibility of the Central Supply department within a healthcare facility?
In charge of ordering, receiving, stocking and distributing all equipment and supplies used by healthcare facility
What is the primary goal of Occupational Therapy (OT) treatment?
Help patient regain fine motor skills for independent function at home and work
What is the main concern of Medical Psychology?
Concerned with mental well-being of patients
What does the Biomedical Technology department in a healthcare facility primarily focus on?
Design and build biomedical equipment
Which department in a hospital provides treatment to prevent or limit permanent disability and improve large-muscle mobility?
Occupational Therapy (OT)
What is NOT considered an example of an essential component of a hospital?
Respiratory Therapy (RT)
What is one of the functions of Nursing (RN, LVN, LPN) in a healthcare facility?
Provides care for patients as directed by physicians
Which area has the emphasis shifted towards from curative to preventive in modern hospitals?
Diagnostic Services
What is the primary goal of understanding the organizational structure of a hospital?
To streamline patient care processes
Which department in a hospital is primarily responsible for coordinating patient care across different specialties?
Nursing Department
What is the key function of the Management Department in a hospital's organizational structure?
Managing hospital finances and budgeting
What is the main purpose of the Health Information Management Department in a hospital?
Managing patient medical records and information
Which factor has the most significant influence on the changing role of hospitals in the modern healthcare landscape?
Advancements in medical technology
What does a hospital's chain of command primarily facilitate?
Effective communication between departments
Which department within a hospital is typically responsible for ensuring compliance with healthcare laws and regulations?
Legal Affairs Department
Which of the following best defines the term 'hospital system' as mentioned in the text?
The collective healthcare services offered by a hospital
What is the primary focus of Occupational Therapy (OT) treatment as per the text?
Enhancing patients' quality of life and functional abilities
What has contributed to the increase in demand for hospital beds, as mentioned in the text?
The rise in chronic diseases and aging populations
What is one of the essential components required by a hospital, as per the text?
Adequate equipment and facilities
Which department is primarily responsible for recruiting and hiring employees in a hospital?
Human Resources department
Who is responsible for establishing the hospital's mission and strategic policies?
Board of Trustees
Which level of management in a hospital is primarily responsible for daily operations?
Chief Operating Officer (COO)
What does the Chief Financial Officer (CFO) in a hospital primarily oversee?
Financial management
Which department is responsible for maintaining copies of all patient records in a hospital?
Medical Records department
What is the main role of the Information Systems department in a hospital?
Responsible for computers and hospital network
Who has the responsibility for diagnosing the patient's condition accurately and prescribing the best treatment plan in a hospital?
Physician
What does the Board of Trustees do in relation to the hospital's operations?
Selecting administrative leaders of the hospital
Which department is often the public's first contact with hospital personnel and checks patients into the hospital?
Admissions department
Who is responsible for overseeing budgeting and finance, as well as establishing hospital policies and procedures?
Chief Executive Officer (CEO)
Which department is responsible for computers and the hospital network within a healthcare facility?
Information Systems department
What does the CEO mainly do with respect to the hospital’s board of directors?
Reports to the board of trustees
What is the primary focus of understanding the organizational structure of a hospital?
Facilitating the understanding of the hospital's chain of command
What does a hospital system comprise of, according to the text?
Health system and organizational categories
What is one of the functions of Nursing (RN, LVN, LPN) in a healthcare facility?
Coordinating patient care across different specialties
What is NOT considered an example of an essential component of a hospital, as per the text?
Public relations and marketing department
What is the main function of Respiratory Therapy (RT) in a healthcare facility?
Supporting patients' respiratory needs
Which aspect has led to the expansion of hospital clientele?
Focus on preventive care
'NAS' stands for what in relation to preventive health care?
'Needs Assessment Survey'
What is one of the responsibilities of the Central Supply department within a healthcare facility?
'Managing inventory and medical supplies'
'Out-Patient services' in a hospital are primarily for providing which type of services?
'Treatment without overnight stay'
'Health services should be designed to meet the health needs of the community through the use of available resources and knowledge.' What does this highlight according to the text?
'The role of healthcare facilities in addressing community health needs'
'A hospital is a multifaceted organization comprising many committees, departments, types of personnel, and services.' What does this emphasize according to the text?
The complexity of hospital management and administration
What is one of the factors influencing hospital utilization?
Availability of advanced medical technologies
What is the primary role of the Biomedical Technology department in a healthcare facility?
Design and build biomedical equipment
What is the main focus of the Emergency Medicine department in a hospital?
Provide emergency diagnoses and treatment
What is the primary goal of Occupational Therapy (OT) treatment as per the text?
Help patients regain fine motor skills for independent functioning
What does the Central Supply department in a hospital primarily handle?
In charge of ordering, receiving, stocking, and distributing all equipment and supplies used by healthcare facility
What is NOT considered an example of an essential component of a hospital as per the text?
Biomedical Technology
What is the main concern of Medical Psychology as mentioned in the text?
Concerned with mental well-being of patients
What does Nursing (RN, LVN, LPN) primarily involve in a healthcare facility?
Provide care for patients as directed by physicians
What is the primary focus of Sports Medicine in a healthcare facility?
Prescribe exercises to increase strength and flexibility or correct weaknesses
What does the Imaging department in a hospital primarily do?
Image body parts to determine lesions and abnormalities.
What is the main role of the Speech/Language Pathology department in a healthcare facility?
Identify, evaluate, and treat patients with speech and language disorders.
What role does Pharmacy play in a healthcare facility based on the text?
Provide information on drugs and correct ways to use them.
What is the main responsibility of the Dietary department in a hospital?
Responsible for helping patients maintain nutritionally sound diets.
What is considered as one of the most advanced indicators currently available?
Sullivan’s Index
Which indicator reflects the equity of distribution of health resources in different parts of the country and of the provision of health care?
Population-bed Ratio
What reflects the quality of physical and biological environment in which diseases occur and people live?
Proportion of population having access to safe drinking water and sanitation facilities
What consolidates infant mortality, life expectancy at age of 1yr and literacy?
Physical Quality of Life Index
What is defined as a composite index combining indicators representing longevity, education, and gross national income per capita?
Human Development Index
Which indicator represents the demographic measure of the ratio of the number of dependents to the total working-age population in a country or region?
Dependency ratio
What is considered as a positive health indicator?
Underweight, Obesity and Anemia
Which indicator measures the proportion of people in need of a service who actually receive it in a given period?
% Children attending for immunization
What does the Chest circumference & Mid-arm circumference measure in pre-school children?
Chronic malnutrition
'NAS' stands for what in relation to preventive health care?
Nutrition Assessment Scale
What is NOT considered directly as an indicator for health but is important in interpreting health indicators?
Average family size
What is defined as a composite index combining indicators representing 3 dimensions: Longevity, Education, and Gross national income (GNI) per capita?
Human Development Index
What is the purpose of the Infant Mortality rate indicator?
To reflect both infant and child mortality.
What does the Neonatal Mortality rate refer to?
Deaths in the first 28 days of life expressed as a percentage of total live births.
What is the definition of Incidence in the context of Morbidity Indicators?
The total number of new events or new cases of a disease in a defined population within a specified period of time.
What do Duration of stay in hospital and Spells of sickness or absence from work or school reflect?
Economical loss to the community.
What does the term 'Post-neonatal mortality rate' specifically refer to?
Deaths between 28 days of life to less than 1 year expressed as a percentage of total live births.
What is the primary focus of Disability Rates - Event type Indicators?
Limitation to perform basic activities of daily living (ADL) such as eating, washing, dressing, etc.
What is the main characteristic of good indicators mentioned in the text?
Actually measure what they are supposed to measure.
What does Prevalence measure in the context of Morbidity Indicators?
'Total number of all individuals who have an attribute or disease at a particular time divided by population at risk' at this point in time.
'Cause specific mortality rate' is computed for which aspect mentioned in the text?
'Specific diseases.'
'Proportionate mortality rate' indicates the proportion of all deaths attributed to which aspect mentioned in the text?
'Specific diseases.'
'Mortality rate from all causes for an entire population' can be measured using which indicator mentioned in the text?
'Crude mortality rate (CDR).'
What is the definition of health according to the WHO?
A state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being
What is the purpose of using 'indicators' to measure 'health' status?
To reflect the state of health of persons in a community
What term is also used to refer to 'indicators'?
Variables
What does an 'indicator' help to measure?
The extent to which the objectives and targets of a program are being attained
What do health status indicators measure?
Different aspects of the health of a population
What is an indicator according to the text?
A reflection of a given situation
How has health been measured in terms of illness according to the text?
In terms of illness or lack of health
What is the primary focus when framing measurements related to health according to the text?
Illness and consequences of ill-health
What is the primary purpose of using 'indicators' in relation to measuring health status?
To measure the extent to which the objectives and targets of a program are being attained
What do health status indicators reflect?
The state of health of persons in a community
What does an indicator represent according to the text?
A variable susceptible to direct measurement
How does the WHO define 'health'?
A state of complete physical, mental & social wellbeing, and not merely an absence of disease or infirmity
What is the significance of Sullivan’s Index in healthcare indicators?
It measures life expectancy and disability rates
What does the Nutritional Status indicator measure in pre-school children?
Chest circumference & Mid-arm circumference - measures chronic malnutrition
What ratio of health workers per 10,000 population has been established by the WHO Joint Learning Initiative as a threshold?
25 health workers
What do Healthcare utilization indicators measure?
All of the above
Which environmental indicator reflects the quality of physical and biological environment in which diseases occur and people live?
All of the above
What does the Quality of Life Index consolidate according to the text?
Infant mortality, life expectancy at age of 1yr and literacy
What does Human Development Index combine as its indicators?
(mean and expected years of schooling), longevity (life expectancy at birth), GNI per capita
What is the single most important indicator of political commitment in healthcare according to the text?
% GNP spent on health services
What do indicators used in healthcare focus on according to the text?
Understanding health status and planning health services
What do Environmental Indicators reflect according to the text?
The quality of physical and biological environment in which diseases occur.
What are Social and Mental Health Indicators used for?
To provide a guide to social action for improving the health of people.
What is the main goal of Health Policy Indicators according to the text?
To identify health needs and plan health services.
What does an indicator represent according to the text?
A variable that reflects the state of health of persons in a community
What is the definition of Incidence in the context of Morbidity Indicators?
The number of new cases of a disease occurring in a population over a specific period of time
What has led to the increase in demand for hospital beds?
Shift from indoor care to outpatient care
'Cause specific mortality rate' is computed for which aspect mentioned in the text?
Proportion of deaths from a specific cause to the total deaths in the population
'Proportionate mortality rate' indicates the proportion of all deaths attributed to which aspect mentioned in the text?
Specific cause
What is considered as one of the most advanced indicators currently available?
Life expectancy at age of 1yr
What has contributed to the increase in demand for hospital beds?
Shift from indoor care to outpatient care
'NAS' stands for what in relation to preventive health care?
'Necessary Action Standard'
'Out-Patient services' in a hospital are primarily for providing which type of services?
'Short-term care services'
'NAS' stands for what in relation to preventive health care?
'Necessary Action Standard'
What are the two levels of prevention mentioned in the text?
Primary and secondary prevention
What has led to the reorientation of the health care delivery system?
Shift from indoor care to outpatient care
What is the crude mortality rate (CDR) and how is it usually expressed?
The mortality rate from all causes of death for an entire population, usually expressed as per 1000 or 100.
What does the infant mortality rate indicate?
The ratio of deaths under 1 year of age in a given year to the total number of live births in the same year, usually expressed as a rate per 1000 live births.
What is the neonatal mortality rate?
Deaths in the first 28 days of life expressed as per 1000 of total live births.
What does prevalence measure in the context of Morbidity Indicators?
The total number of all individuals who have an attribute or disease at a particular time divided by population at risk of having attribute or disease at this point of time.
What do notification rates measure?
The geographic clustering of infections and the quality of reporting system.
What do disability rates measure in terms of Person type Indicators?
The limitation to perform the basic activities of daily living (ADL) e.g. eating, washing, dressing, etc.
What is cause-specific mortality rate?
Mortality rate which is computed for specific diseases.
What does incidence measure?
'The number of new events or new cases of a disease in a defined population within a specified period of time.'
What do attendance rates at OPDs and health centers provide information about?
Quality and effectiveness of health services.
What does the proportionate mortality rate measure?
The proportionate mortality rate is the proportion of all deaths attributed to specific diseases.
What does spells of sickness or absence from work or school reflect?
Economical loss to the community.
What is the primary goal of the Housekeeping and Maintenance department in a hospital?
Maintain a safe and clean environment
What is the primary focus of the Central Supply department in a hospital?
In charge of ordering, receiving, stocking, and distributing all equipment and supplies used by the healthcare facility
What does the term 'OPD' stand for in relation to hospital departments?
Outpatient Department
What is the main function of the Biomedical Technology department in a hospital?
Design and build biomedical equipment
What is the primary role of the Medical Laboratory (MT) department in a hospital?
Studies body tissues to determine abnormalities
What is the main goal of the Emergency Medicine department in a hospital?
Provide emergency diagnoses and treatment
What is the main role of Nursing (RN, LVN, LPN) within a hospital?
Provide care for patients as directed by physicians
What is the goal of Occupational Therapy (OT) treatments in a hospital?
Regain fine motor skills so that patients can function independently at home and work
What are the main treatments provided by the Medical Psychology department in a hospital?
Talk therapy, behavior modification, muscle relaxation, medications
What is the main goal of Speech/Language Pathology treatments in a hospital?
Identify, evaluate, and treat patients with speech and language disorders
What are the main treatments provided by the Dietary department in a hospital?
Responsible for helping patients maintain nutritionally sound diets
What is the primary purpose of understanding the organizational structure of a hospital?
To indicate the hierarchy of authority in a hospital
What does a hospital system comprise of, according to the text?
Organization and Management
What is one of the characteristics of a hospital as an organization?
It requires highly trained employees
What factor has influenced the changing role of hospitals?
Shift from indoor care to outpatient care
'Cause specific mortality rate' is computed for which aspect mentioned in the text?
Community Health
'NAS' stands for what in relation to preventive health care?
National Assessment Service
Which area has the emphasis shifted towards from curative to preventive?
Health Services
'Mortality rate from all causes for an entire population' can be measured using which indicator mentioned in the text?
Mortality Indicator
'Cause specific mortality rate' is computed for which aspect mentioned in the text?
$5(7 + 3)$
Which option represents an extramural function outside the wall of a hospital?
Outpatient Clinic
What is one of the essential components required by a hospital, as per the text?
Adequate Equipment and Facilities
What does understanding organizational structure facilitate as stated in the text?
Indication of hierarchy of authority in a hospital
Which department in a hospital is typically responsible for managing the hospital's admitting and discharge functions, as well as handling accounts receivables with third-party payers?
Administrative Services department
Who is responsible for establishing the hospital's mission and bylaws, selecting the administrative leader, and delegating the hospital's daily operations and budgeting to the appointed executive?
Board of Trustees
What is the primary responsibility of the Information Systems department in a hospital?
Responsible for computers and hospital network
Which department in a hospital is primarily responsible for providing treatment to prevent or limit permanent disability and improve large-muscle mobility?
Physical Therapy (PT) department
Who is responsible for submitting an annual budget expressing both expenditures and revenue, and coordinating the collective effort of the hospital's personnel?
Chief Executive Officer (CEO)
Which department is responsible for maintenance of the campus's physical environment, ensuring all physical properties are in safe operating condition?
Physical Plant Management (PPM)
Who provides leadership in implementing strategic goals and decisions set by the Board, and represents the hospital to the external environment and community?
Chief Executive Officer (CEO)
What is the main responsibility of the Billing and Collection departments in a hospital?
Responsible for billing patients for services rendered
What are the responsibilities of the Health Education department in a healthcare facility?
Responsible for staff and patient health-related education
Who is responsible for providing treatment to patients in order to prevent or limit permanent disability, as well as improving large-muscle mobility?
Physical Therapy (PT) department
What is the role of Human Resources department in a healthcare facility?
Responsible for recruiting/hiring employees and employee benefits
Who is responsible for advising the CEO on financial policy, establishing procedures for accounting functions, receiving deposits, approving payments of salaries, and other expenditures?
Chief Financial Officer (CFO)
Explore the evolving role and functions of hospitals, from traditional care centers to modern technical service hubs. Learn about the changing factors influencing hospital utilization and the essential components of a hospital.
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