Horticulture Overview
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Questions and Answers

Which horticultural commodity has the highest export share value to the United States?

  • Fruits and vegetables
  • Cashew
  • Flower crops
  • Spices (correct)

    • What is one of the primary reasons for the growth of horticulture in India?

  • To reduce agricultural labor costs
  • To exploit agro-climatic variability (correct)
  • To limit the import of flowers
  • To decrease the population of farmers

    • Which country is noted as the major importer of fruits and vegetables?

  • United Arab Emirates (correct)
  • Soviet Union countries
  • European Union
  • United States

    • Which horticultural commodity has a share value of 40% linked to the United States?

    <p>Cashew</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a benefit of improving the communication and transport systems for horticulture?

    <p>Support for quick deliverance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do horticultural trees benefit the environment?

    <p>They help maintain the ecosphere.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a goal for the horticultural sector in relation to the economy?

    <p>Eliminate all farming jobs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following commodities has the lowest export share value?

    <p>Processed products</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'Horticulture' derive from?

    <p>Latin words meaning Garden and To Cultivate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which branch of horticulture focuses specifically on the study of fruit crops?

    <p>Pomology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a research organization related to horticulture in India?

    <p>Central Institute of Refrigeration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Olericulture specifically deal with?

    <p>Vegetable cultivation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following branches deals with post-harvest handling and marketing of horticultural crops?

    <p>Post-harvest technology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is considered the father of horticulture?

    <p>M.H.Marigowda</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which crop falls under the category of spices and plantation crops?

    <p>Cardamom</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The study of cultivation techniques for medicinal and aromatic plants falls under which branch of horticulture?

    <p>Medicinal and aromatic crops</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is considered the primary incentive for farmers engaged in horticulture?

    <p>Monetary returns</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following horticultural research centers is located in Maharashtra?

    <p>National Research Centre for Grape</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which aspect is NOT listed as a value of horticulture?

    <p>Industrial value</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant factor determining the scope of horticulture?

    <p>The climatic conditions of the region</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following centers specializes in mushroom cultivation?

    <p>National Research Centre for Mushroom</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In terms of adaptability, which of the following soil types is NOT mentioned?

    <p>Clay soil</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the benefits of horticultural crops compared to agricultural crops?

    <p>Higher yields per hectare</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following research centers is located in Sikkim?

    <p>National Research Centre for Orchid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus after achieving self-sufficiency in food according to the content?

    <p>Nutritional security for the population</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How much fruits and vegetables are required per person per day to meet nutritional needs?

    <p>120 g of fruits and 300 g of vegetables</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of lands are suggested for cultivating hardy horticultural crops?

    <p>Wastelands under abiotic stress</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor contributes to the low share of horticultural commodities in international trade from India?

    <p>Less than one percent share of total trade</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is considered a major exporter of horticultural produce from India?

    <p>Mangoes and grapes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of crops fetches significantly higher foreign exchange per unit weight according to the content?

    <p>Horticultural commodities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the major importing regions for horticultural produce from India?

    <p>European and Gulf countries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT listed as part of the horticultural export basket from India?

    <p>Barley</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Horticulture

    • Horticulture is the art, science, and technology of producing, processing, and marketing fruits, vegetables, flowers, spices, plantations, medicinal and aromatic plants.
    • The term "Horticulture" comes from the Latin words "HORTUS" (Garden) and "COLERE" (To Cultivate).
    • M.H. Marigowda is considered the father of horticulture.

    Branches of Horticulture

    • Pomology / Fruit Science: Study of fruit crops
    • Olericulture / Vegetable Science: Cultivation of vegetables
    • Floriculture and Landscape Gardening: Cultivation of flower crops
    • Spices and Plantation Crops: Cultivation of cardamom, pepper, nutmeg, coconut, arecanut, rubber, coffee, tea, etc.
    • Post-harvest Technology: Deals with post-harvest handling, grading, packaging, storage processing, value addition, marketing, etc., of horticultural crops.
    • Medicinal and Aromatic Crops: Cultivation of medicinal and aromatic crops.
    • Plant Propagation: Deals with the propagation of plants.

    Research Organizations in India

    • Indian Institute of Horticultural Research (IIHR), Bangalore
    • Indian Institute of Vegetable Research (IIVR), Varanasi
    • Indian Institute of Spices Research (IISR), Calicut, Kerala
    • Central Institute of Sub-tropical Horticulture (CISH), Lucknow
    • Central Institute of Temperate Horticulture (CITH), Srinagar
    • Central Potato Research Institute (CPRI), Kufri, Shimla
    • Central Tuber Crops Research Institute (CTCRI), Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala
    • Central Plantation Crops Research Institute (CPCRI) Kasargod, Kerala
    • Central Institute of Arid Horticulture (CIAH), Bikaner, Rajasthan
    • Central Institute of Post-Harvest Engineering and Technology (CIPHET), Ferozepur, Punjab
    • National Research Centre for Banana.Trichirapalli, Tamil Nadu
    • National Research Centre for Citrus, Nagpur, Maharastra
    • National Research Centre for Onion and Garlic, Pune, Maharastra
    • National Research Centre for Grape, Pune, Maharastra
    • National Research Centre for Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Anand, Gujarat
    • National Research Centre for Mushroom, Solan
    • National Research Centre for Orchid, Gangtok, Sikkim
    • National Research Centre for Cashew nut, Puttur, Karnataka
    • National Research Centre for Seed Spices, Ajmer, Rajasthan
    • National Research Centre for Oil Palm, Eluru, Andhra Pradesh
    • National Research Centre for Pomegranate, Solapur, Maharastra
    • National Research Centre for Makhana, Patna, Bihar
    • National Research Centre for Litchi, Muzaffarpur, Bihar
    • National Horticulture Board (NHB), Gurgaon, Haryana

    Importance of Horticulture

    • Income generation
    • Employment generation
    • Industrial development
    • Religious and sacred value
    • Food value
    • Nutritional value
    • Aesthetic value
    • Export value
    • Miscellaneous

    Scope of Horticulture

    • Incentive for the Farmer: Horticultural crops provide higher returns per unit area of production, export value, and value addition compared to agricultural crops.
    • Adaptability: India's diverse climate and soil types make it well-suited for a wide range of horticultural crops.
    • Necessity: To meet rising nutritional demands and address food security, horticulture is crucial.
    • Export Value: India's horticultural produce commands a significant share in the international market.
    • Major Countries for Export of Horticultural produce from India:
      • United Arab Emirates (Fruits and Vegetables)
      • USA (Flower crops, Spices, Cashew)
      • Soviet Union Countries (Processed Products)

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    Horticulture - Definition and Branches - PDF

    Description

    This quiz explores the art and science of horticulture, covering its definition, key figures like M.H. Marigowda, and various branches such as pomology and olericulture. Test your knowledge on the cultivation of fruits, vegetables, and flowers, along with post-harvest technology and plant propagation.

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