Horticulture Overview and Branches
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What is the primary focus of horticulture?

  • Growing plants purely for research without practical use
  • Cultivating only ornamental plants for decoration
  • Crops used exclusively for industrial purposes
  • Plants that are intensively cultivated for direct human use (correct)

    • What does pomology primarily study?

  • Flower cultivation techniques
  • Fruit crop production and genetic engineering (correct)
  • Soil management for general agriculture
  • Vegetable crop production and management

    • Which of the following correctly describes olericulture?

  • It exclusively deals with growing ornamental flowers.
  • It focuses on vegetable crops and their production processes. (correct)
  • It studies wild plant species for medicinal properties.
  • It involves the management of fruit crops.

    • What are the Latin roots of the word 'horticulture'?

    <p>'Garden' and 'To cultivate'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these best describes the main purpose of horticulture?

    <p>To cultivate plants for direct human uses such as food and aesthetics.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which crop has the highest area dedicated to it in Himachal Pradesh?

    <p>Fruit Crops</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the production of Vegetable Crops in Himachal Pradesh?

    <p>18.17 lakh tonnes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which species ranks first in productivity in India according to the information provided?

    <p>Grapes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the per capita availability of fruits in India as of 2004-05?

    <p>133 g/person/day</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How much area is dedicated to the cultivation of Flowers in Himachal Pradesh?

    <p>0.0088 lakh hectares</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is floriculture primarily concerned with?

    <p>Flower production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many tonnes of flowers were produced in the All India and Advance Estimates of 2022-2023?

    <p>28.84 Lakh Tonnes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect of land improvement does landscape gardening focus on?

    <p>Land beautification</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which category has the highest production figures in the All India and Advance Estimates of 2022-2023?

    <p>Horticulture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the area allocated for flower cultivation in the All India and Advance Estimates of 2022-2023?

    <p>2.72 Lakh Ho.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the per capita availability of vegetables in 2017-18?

    <p>255 g/person/day</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following crops has an average yield significantly higher than agronomic crops?

    <p>Papaya</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key economic importance of horticultural crops?

    <p>High net profit</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which crop variety is mentioned as having a higher yield than wheat and ragi?

    <p>Grapes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What major benefit do plantation crops provide to coastal communities?

    <p>Employment generation and livelihood support</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the range of net profit for establishing an orchard per hectare?

    <p>1.05 - 2.5 lakh/ha</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which industry is NOT mentioned as benefiting from fruit farming?

    <p>Textile</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What advantage do perennial fruits provide to growers?

    <p>Enabling continuous engagement in farm operations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the yield range of grapes and similar fruits per thousand hectares?

    <p>20-40 ton/thousand ha</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a raw material for cold storage industries?

    <p>Fruit</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the average per capita consumption of fruits in India?

    <p>120 g/day</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary reason for the low consumption of fruits in India?

    <p>Very small area under fruit cultivation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What measure is suggested to improve fruit consumption in India?

    <p>Improve production and marketing efficiency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the total per capita fruit consumption in India expressed annually?

    <p>10 kg/year</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the goal for fruit production stated in the context?

    <p>To meet dietary requirements and achieve self-sufficiency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which fruit crops are mentioned as being able to grow in poor soils?

    <p>Mango, Ber, Aonla, Jamun</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do fruits and vegetables play in human nutrition?

    <p>They are essential for maintaining proper health.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant benefit of exporting fresh fruits and processed products?

    <p>It generates a considerable amount of foreign exchange.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are fruits and vegetables considered essential for a human diet?

    <p>They provide essential vitamins and minerals.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common misconception about human dietary needs?

    <p>Cereals provide all essential nutrients.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Horticulture Overview

    • Branch of agriculture focused on cultivating plants for food, medicinal uses, and aesthetic purposes.
    • Derived from Latin 'Hortus' (garden) and 'Colere' (to cultivate).

    Branches of Horticulture

    • Pomology: Science of fruit crop production and management.

      • Aims to enhance quality and yield through genetic engineering.
      • Origin: Latin 'Pomum' (fruits) + Greek 'Logos' (study).

    • Olericulture: Focuses on vegetable crop production and management.

      • Similar goals of improving quality and yield through genetic methods.
      • Origin: Latin 'Alexis' (pot herb) + English 'Culture' (plant raising).

    Floriculture & Landscape Gardening

    • Floriculture: Study and production of flowers.
    • Landscape Gardening: Art of designing and beautifying outdoor spaces using plants.

    Horticulture Statistics (2022-2023)

    • Area: Total of 281.20 lakh hectares dedicated to horticulture.

      • Breakdown:
        • Fruit crops: 70.09 lakh ha
        • Vegetables: 113.58 lakh ha
        • Flowers: 2.72 lakh ha
        • Aromatics: 7.89 lakh ha
        • Medicinal plants: 44.41 lakh ha

    • Production: Total of 3519.21 lakh tonnes from horticulture.

      • Breakdown:
        • Fruit crops: 1082.42 lakh tonnes
        • Vegetables: 2189.08 lakh tonnes
        • Flowers: 28.84 lakh tonnes
        • Aromatic & medicinal plants: 6.44 lakh tonnes

    Horticulture in Himachal Pradesh

    • Area: 0.41 lakh ha under horticulture.

      • Breakdown:
        • Fruit crops: 2.36 lakh ha
        • Vegetable crops: 0.92 lakh ha
        • Flowers: 0.0088 lakh ha

    • Production: 86.98 lakh tonnes from horticulture.

      • Breakdown:
        • Fruit crops: 8.80 lakh tonnes
        • Vegetable crops: 18.17 lakh tonnes
        • Flowers: 0.13 lakh tonnes

    Economic Importance of Horticulture

    • High productivity per unit area; yields from horticulture often surpass other crops.

      • Average yield for papaya, banana, and grapes is 10-15 times higher than traditional grains.

    • High net profitability; establishment costs offset by ample returns.

      • Wheat/Ragi yield: 2.0 - 4.0 tonnes/ha
      • Grapes/Mango/Banana yield: 20-40 tonnes/ha

    • Source of raw materials for agro-based industries:

      • Canning, preservation, cold storage, pharmaceutical sectors.

    Resource Utilization

    • Efficient use of resources year-round through perennial crop growing.
    • Hardy fruit crops can thrive on poor soils unsuitable for grains.

    Foreign Exchange and Nutritional Importance

    • Export of fresh fruits, processed products, and spices bolsters foreign exchange.
    • Fruits and vegetables are crucial for a balanced diet, providing essential vitamins and minerals.

    Scope for Improvement

    • Increase production necessary to meet dietary needs; current per capita fruit consumption in India is significantly lower than in countries like the USA.
    • Strategies needed to enhance fruit production and accessibility, reducing prices to broaden consumption.

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    Description

    Explore the fascinating world of horticulture, focusing on its importance in food production, medicine, and aesthetics. This quiz covers the basic branches, including pomology, and highlights the cultivation of plants. Dive into this vital field of agriculture and expand your knowledge!

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