40 Questions
What is the structural analogue of spironolactone?
Drospirenone
Which of the following is a C-19 progestin with anti-androgenic activity?
Drospirenone
What is the main mechanism of action of Clomiphene citrate?
FSH inhibitor
Which C-19 progestin has minimal or no overall androgenic side effects?
Drospirenone
How do hormonal contraceptives like birth control pills affect FSH and LH release from the pituitary?
Decrease FSH and LH release
What is the main reason why estrogen is used alone should be given in a cyclic administration?
To mimic natural hormone fluctuations
In what condition should estrogen therapy be used in combination with progesterone?
Primary hypogonadism
Which hormone replacement therapy is increasingly discouraged in postmenopausal women due to increased risks of breast cancer and cardiovascular events?
Combination of estrogen and progesterone
What is the primary function of continual administration of combination estrogen/progestin oral contraceptives for acne?
Decreases ovarian androgen synthesis
Which condition does estrogen primarily target by inhibiting bone resorption but not stimulating new bone synthesis?
Post-menopausal osteoporosis
What is the mechanism of action of drugs that block the production of ovarian-stimulating hormones?
Lower estrogen levels
Which drug can relieve endometriosis signs and symptoms by halting menstrual periods and the growth of endometrial implants?
Depo-Provera
Which type of C-19 progestins has anti-androgenic activity?
Drospirenone
What is the concern related to the duration of therapy limitation for GnRH agonists in treating pelvic pain caused by endometriosis?
Significant bone loss
Which contraceptive method can help inhibit endometrial tissue growth by causing initial decidualization and then atrophy?
Intrauterine device with levonorgestrel (Mirena)
How do combination oral contraceptives help reduce dermatological manifestations in women with PCOS?
By inhibiting gonadotropin secretion and ovarian androgen secretion
Which enzyme is more commonly known as 'Aromatase'?
CYP19
What is one of the overall goals of therapy for women with PCOS?
To prevent endometrial hyperplasia and carcinoma
How do high and low GnRH pulse frequencies affect LH and FSH release, respectively?
Low GnRH pulse frequencies favor LH release
Which medication is commonly used for ovulation induction in women pursuing pregnancy?
Clomiphene citrate
Which class of enzymes is important in the growth and implantation of ectopic endometrium?
Matrix metalloproteinases
Which medication acts as an antagonist at estrogen receptors in the breast but a partial agonist at estrogen receptors in the endometrium and bone?
Tamoxifen
Which drug is primarily used for the treatment of breast cancers that are estrogen receptor-positive?
Toremifene
Which medication is a structural analogue of spironolactone?
Drospirenone
Which type of progestins have minimal or no overall androgenic side effects?
C-19 Progestins with anti-androgenic activity
Which contraceptive method involves inserting a T-shaped piece of plastic that releases the progestin levonorgestrel?
IUD
Which contraceptive method contains ethinyl estradiol and norelgestromin in a patch form?
Patch
Which contraceptive method involves capsules of etonorgestrel placed under the skin for slow release up to 3 years?
Subdermal implant
Which contraceptive method is reusable for one year and consists of segesterone and ethinyl estradiol?
Annovera®
Which contraceptive method is administered as an injection every 3 months and contains medroxyprogesterone acetate?
Depo-Provera®
Which medication is commonly used in women for the treatment of endometriosis, uterine fibroids, POCS, and hirsutism?
Goserelin
What are the side effects commonly experienced by women using medications like leuprolide, goserelin, and nafarelin?
Hot flashes/sweats and depression
Which medication is contraindicated in pregnancy and breastfeeding?
Goserelin
What is the main use of GnRH antagonists like Cetrorelix and Ganirelix?
Assisted reproduction to suppress FSH/LH release
What is the purpose of using GnRH antagonists in fertility treatment?
Prevent LH surge to avoid premature ovulation
Which medication is approved for the treatment of advanced prostate cancer?
Degarelix
What is the primary side effect associated with GnRH antagonists when used in fertility treatments?
Abdominal pain
What is the main reason GnRH antagonists are used in vitro fertilization?
To prevent LH surge for laproscopic harvest of ova
What is the common side effect associated with Drospirenone use in women?
Headache and nausea
Which medication suppresses endogenous FSH/LH release to give exogenous FSH followed by midcycle LH for fertilization?
Bromocriptine mesylate
Test your knowledge on hormone replacement therapy (HRT) and its association with an increased risk of breast cancer in postmenopausal women. Explore the recommended limitations and considerations for using HRT. Challenge yourself with questions on estrogen usage and cyclic administration.
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