29 Questions
What is the function of somatostatin in relation to growth hormone?
It inhibits the release of growth hormone
What is the role of prolactin in lactation?
It triggers and maintains lactation
What is the result of growth hormone overproduction in adulthood?
Acromegaly
What is the function of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)?
It stimulates the growth and development of the adrenal cortex
What is the result of growth hormone deficiency in children?
Dwarfism
What stimulates the release of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)?
Stress
What is the primary function of exocrine glands?
To release secretions through ducts to a specific location
What type of signalling molecules act on the same cell from which it is secreted?
Autocrine
What is the definition of endocrine glands?
Glands that release hormones directly into the bloodstream
What is the function of chemical messengers produced by endocrine glands?
To produce effects only when they bind to their specific receptors in or on cells
What type of signalling molecules act locally targeting cells in close proximity to it only?
Paracrine
What is the characteristic of glands that release their products directly into the bloodstream?
They are ductless glands that release products directly into the bloodstream
What is the primary reason the pituitary gland is referred to as the master endocrine gland?
It regulates the production and release of hormones from other endocrine glands
What is the primary function of FSH in male animals?
Stimulation of sperm production
What is the effect of ADH on water loss in urine?
Decreased water loss
Why does it take a minute or two of teat stimulation before milk starts to flow freely when milking a cow by hand?
The stimulation of the teat causes the release of oxytocin, which stimulates milk letdown
What is the effect on prolactin release during lactation?
Prolactin release is stimulated
Which hypothalamic hormone stimulates the secretion of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)?
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) releasing hormone (ACTH-RH)
What is the effect of dopamine on prolactin secretion?
Inhibits secretion of prolactin
What is the primary function of growth hormone (GH) in young animals?
Promotion of body growth and development
What is the effect of GH on carbohydrate metabolism?
GH discourages cells from using carbohydrates for energy production
Which hormone inhibits the secretion of GH and TSH?
Somatostatin (GH-IH)
What is the primary role of GH in regulating metabolism?
Encouraging anabolism of proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates
What is the main function of mineralcorticoids, such as aldosterone?
Regulating electrolyte levels and blood pressure
What region of the adrenal gland produces sex hormones, such as androgens and estrogens?
Adrenal cortex
What is the primary function of glucocorticoids, such as cortisol?
Helping the body resist stress
What is the location of the adrenal glands?
Near the cranial ends of the kidneys
What is the main difference between the adrenal cortex and the adrenal medulla?
The adrenal cortex produces hormones, while the adrenal medulla produces neurotransmitters
What is the effect of glucocorticoids on blood glucose levels?
Increasing blood glucose levels
Test your knowledge of hormone regulation terminology, including exocrine, endocrine, paracrine, and autocrine glands, and how they release secretions to control various bodily functions.
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