Hormone Receptor Diversity and Regulation
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary reason for differences in hormone activity from one target cell to another?

  • Variation in hormone structure
  • Differences in hormone concentration
  • Alternation in cellular response pathways
  • Changes in receptor locations (correct)

Where are cell membrane receptors located?

  • Directly inside the cell
  • On the cell surface (correct)
  • Inside the nucleus
  • In the cytoplasm

What process involves increasing receptor numbers to enhance cellular sensitivity and response?

  • Upregulation (correct)
  • Regulation of hormonal responses
  • Receptor synthesis
  • Downregulation

Why is regulation of receptor numbers important in controlling hormone response levels?

<p>To adjust hormonal responses (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does receptor downregulation play in Type 2 diabetes?

<p>It decreases receptor numbers (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of receptors are available to hormones that can enter a cell?

<p>Nuclear receptors (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What effect does reducing receptor numbers have on cellular sensitivity and response?

<p>Decreases sensitivity and response (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can imbalances in receptor concentration lead to hormonal diseases?

<p>By disrupting hormone response levels (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens during the process of upregulation?

<p>Receptor numbers increase to enhance cellular sensitivity. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common regulatory mechanism for controlling hormone response levels?

<p>Maintenance of stable receptor numbers (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason that obese individuals with Type 2 diabetes have cells that no longer respond to insulin?

<p>Receptor downregulation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can regulating diet and weight loss help reverse Type 2 diabetes?

<p>By restoring normal receptor response to insulin (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of receptors in causing and reversing hormonal diseases?

<p>Receptors, not the hormone itself, play a significant role in causing and reversing hormonal diseases (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of hormone is classified as a local hormone?

<p>Both paracrines and autocrines (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of paracrines?

<p>To be involved in immune responses, signaling neighboring cells of infection (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do the chemical properties of hormones influence their receptor location and transport mechanisms?

<p>Chemical classification of hormones influences receptor location and transport mechanisms, as stated in the text (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between circulating hormones and local hormones?

<p>Circulating hormones travel through the blood to reach their targets, while local hormones do not enter the bloodstream (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do lipid-soluble hormones differ from water-soluble hormones in terms of their transportation in the blood?

<p>Lipid-soluble hormones have a nonpolar nature and require binding to transport proteins for solubility in the blood, while water-soluble hormones are polar (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism by which water-soluble hormones bind to their target cells?

<p>Water-soluble hormones bind to cell membrane receptors as they cannot enter the cell due to their polar nature (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can the understanding of hormone target locations help in comprehending their physiological effects in the body?

<p>Understanding hormone target locations helps in comprehending their physiological effects in the body (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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