Hormonal Mode Of Action
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Questions and Answers

What can induce neoplasia through receptor-mediated mechanisms and perturbation of hormonal balance?

  • Non-DNA-reactive chemicals (correct)
  • Enzymes
  • Peptide hormones
  • Antioxidants
  • Which hormone can induce tumors in estrogen-dependent tissues?

  • Adrenaline
  • Estrogen (correct)
  • Growth hormone
  • Insulin
  • What is the mechanism of action for diethylstilbestrol (DES) in inducing changes that may lead to an abnormal number of chromosomes in a cell?

  • Inducing apoptosis
  • Interfering with the cell cycle and microtubule function (correct)
  • Inhibiting cell proliferation
  • Promoting DNA repair
  • Which chemicals found in soy products are considered phytoestrogens?

    <p>Genistein, daidzein, glycitein, equol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of chemicals can induce tissue-specific changes through interaction with a receptor?

    <p>Hormonally active chemicals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the major characteristics of a neoplasm as it progresses into a malignant state?

    <p>Resisting cell death</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process enables replicative immortality in neoplastic cells?

    <p>Reprogramming energy metabolism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of genotoxic/DNA-reactive compounds in relation to cell proliferation?

    <p>Irreversible effects on DNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the tumor microenvironment in neoplastic growth and development?

    <p>Supporting normal stromal and inflammatory cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of tumor promotion by carcinogens?

    <p>Limited to specific organs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes the selective clonal expansion of initiated cells in the formation of preneoplastic lesions?

    <p>Produces a reversible lesion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which mechanism of action is associated with chemicals that induce cytotoxicity and persistent regenerative growth, potentially leading to DNA mutations?

    <p>Receptor-mediated</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which chemical is an example of a substance that functions through cytotoxicity as a mode of action in chemical carcinogenesis?

    <p>D-Limonene</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which mechanism of action involves chemicals that can alter the methylation status, contributing to neoplasia progression?

    <p>Immunosuppression</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which receptor is associated with chemicals that act through a receptor-mediated mode of action in chemical carcinogenesis?

    <p>PPARα</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which compound acts as an oxidative stress inducer, potentially contributing to the development of cancer?

    <p>Trichloroethylene</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which chemical poses a risk of immunosuppression, potentially affecting the tumor microenvironment?

    <p>Atrazine</p> Signup and view all the answers

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