Hormonal and Humoral Stimuli Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the main mechanism by which blood levels of hormones are controlled?

  • Positive feedback systems
  • Negative feedback systems (correct)
  • Voluntary control by the individual
  • Humoral stimuli
  • Which gland is stimulated to secrete PTH in response to declining blood Ca2+ concentration?

  • Thymus gland
  • Pineal gland
  • Hypothalamus
  • Thyroid gland (correct)
  • What is the role of the CaSR (calcium-sensing receptor) in the regulation of PTH secretion?

  • Induces intracellular Ca2+ mobilization as a secondary messenger (correct)
  • Decreases intracellular Ca2+ levels
  • Activates cAMP production in parathyroid chief cells
  • Inhibits phospholipase C activation
  • What effect does cytoplasmic Ca2+ have on cAMP production in parathyroid chief cells?

    <p>Directly downregulates adenylyl cyclase (AC)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In conditions of blood Ca2+ depletion, what happens to the regulation of PTH synthesis?

    <p>CaSR remains inactivated, thus suppressing PTH synthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is responsible for leading to the suppression of PTH synthesis from parathyroid chief cells?

    <p>Prostaglandins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which gland is known as the 'master gland' for its role in regulating other endocrine glands?

    <p>Pituitary gland</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which gland secretes melatonin, a hormone involved in regulating sleep-wake cycles?

    <p>Pineal gland</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which gland is responsible for producing hormones that regulate metabolism and energy balance in the body?

    <p>Thyroid gland</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which region of the brain is closely involved in linking the nervous system to the endocrine system?

    <p>Hypothalamus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which gland is responsible for the fight-or-flight response through the release of stress hormones like adrenaline and cortisol?

    <p>Adrenal glands</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following glands is not located in the brain?

    <p>Thyroid gland</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the CaSR activation in the kidneys?

    <p>Decrease Ca2+ reabsorption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which gland is primarily responsible for the secretion of parathyroid hormone (PTH)?

    <p>Thyroid gland</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main role of preganglionic sympathetic fibers in the nervous system?

    <p>Trigger adrenal medulla cells to secrete catecholamines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of stimuli involves hormones stimulating other endocrine organs to release their hormones?

    <p>Hormonal Stimuli</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main role of hypothalamic hormones in the endocrine system?

    <p>Stimulate the release of anterior pituitary hormones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the endocrine system, which organ is responsible for secreting hormones that stimulate other endocrine glands?

    <p>Pituitary gland</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If the anterior pituitary was damaged and unable to respond to hormone 1, what would be the expected effect on the plasma hormone 2 level?

    <p>Increase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the absence of response from the anterior pituitary to hormone 1, what is the likely effect on endocrine gland hormone 3 secretion?

    <p>Decrease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    After the anterior pituitary damage, what would be the anticipated target cell response to hormone 3?

    <p>Reduced sensitivity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Following damage to the anterior pituitary, what change would occur in hypothalamus hormone 1 secretion?

    <p>Increase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What impact would a malfunctioning pineal gland have on the hypothalamus hormone 1 secretion?

    <p>No effect</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How would an overactive thyroid gland affect the plasma hormone 2 level?

    <p>Increase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following glands is responsible for the production of melatonin?

    <p>Pineal gland</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In terms of hormone release, which gland is known for secreting cortisol, aldosterone, and adrenaline?

    <p>Adrenal glands</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which gland is often referred to as the 'master gland' due to its role in regulating multiple other endocrine glands?

    <p>Pituitary gland</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The primary function of the thyroid gland is to...

    <p>Regulate metabolism through thyroid hormones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which gland is responsible for releasing oxytocin and vasopressin, hormones involved in social bonding and water balance?

    <p>Pituitary gland</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which gland is closely connected to the hypothalamus and plays a role in the body's stress response through the secretion of cortisol?

    <p>Adrenal glands</p> Signup and view all the answers

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