Hong Kong's Changing Climate Overview
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Questions and Answers

Which area has the highest annual mean temperature?

  • Ta Kwu Ling
  • Tsim Sha Tsui (correct)
  • Wong Tai Sin
  • Sha Tin

    • The annual mean temperature in Ta Kwu Ling is higher than in Stanley.

    True

    What has caused the increase in temperature in urban areas of Hong Kong since 1885?

    rapid urban development

    The __________ area is associated with higher temperatures.

    <p>urban</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect refers to the higher temperature in urban areas than in the surrounding rural areas?

    <p>Heat island effect</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the areas with their annual mean temperatures:

    <p>Sha Tin = 24.1°C Wong Tai Sin = 24.3°C Tsim Sha Tsui = 24.4°C Stanley = 23.9°C Ta Kwu Ling = 23.7°C</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Since 1885, the annual mean temperature increase in Hong Kong has been lower than the world average.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    As the population of Hong Kong increases, more rural areas are converted into __________ areas.

    <p>urban</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What defines a hot night in Hong Kong?

    <p>A night with a minimum temperature of 28°C or above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The number of very hot days has decreased from the period 1885-1914 to 1991-2020.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    By how much is the annual mean temperature of Hong Kong predicted to rise by 2100?

    <p>3–6°C</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In Hong Kong, a very hot day is defined as a day with a maximum temperature of _____ or above.

    <p>33°C</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What phenomenon is responsible for urban areas having a higher temperature than surrounding rural areas?

    <p>Heat island effect</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following temperature-related categories with their definitions:

    <p>Hot night = Minimum temperature of 28°C or above Very hot day = Maximum temperature of 33°C or above Cold day = Minimum temperature of 12°C or below</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Visibility in Hong Kong has consistently decreased from 1970 to the present day.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What has happened to the annual number of cold days in Hong Kong from 1885-1914 to 1991-2020?

    <p>Decreased</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main effect of higher temperatures in urban areas on precipitation?

    <p>It favours the formation of clouds and rain.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Urban areas experience more frequent heavy rain and thunderstorms due to ______ temperatures.

    <p>higher</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage change was observed in the number of hot nights from 1885-1914 to 1991-2020?

    <p>+4,600%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The number of days with rainfall in Hong Kong has remained consistent over the observed period.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following weather conditions to their effect on visibility:

    <p>Heavy rain = Reduces visibility Fog = Reduces visibility Snow = Reduces visibility Clear skies = Increases visibility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What primary factor contributes to an increase in annual mean temperature in urban areas like Hong Kong?

    <p>Urban development</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Urban development can lead to a decrease in the number of heavy rainfall days.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one consequence of cutting down trees in urban areas?

    <p>Increase in temperature due to loss of transpiration.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Tall and dense buildings in urban areas block ______ flow.

    <p>wind</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the urban development activities with their descriptions:

    <p>Clearing of trees = Reduction in cooling effect from transpiration Concrete buildings = Higher heat absorption compared to vegetation Urban activities = Increased production of heat and greenhouse gases Tall buildings = Blocking of wind flow and air circulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following effects is likely NOT a consequence of urban development?

    <p>Increase in tree cover</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Increased urban activities contribute to lower temperatures in cities.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the heat island effect?

    <p>The phenomenon where urban areas experience higher temperatures than their rural surroundings.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What has contributed to the improvement of visibility in Hong Kong?

    <p>Closure of highly polluting factories</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Highly polluting factories in Hong Kong are now more prevalent than in the past.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What geographic region is referenced for the movement of factories due to pollution control measures?

    <p>Zhujiang Delta Region (ZDR)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The north and north-west monsoons carried air pollutants to _____, leading to low visibility in the past.

    <p>Hong Kong</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the cities with their respective characteristics regarding pollution control:

    <p>Guangzhou = Highly polluting factories Shenzhen = Urban area with strict regulations Foshan = Major contributor to air pollution Hong Kong = Success in pollution reduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which year marked the beginning of significant visibility improvements according to the data presented?

    <p>1990</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Air pollutants have increased steadily in Hong Kong over the years.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What has the total number of hours with reduced visibility in Hong Kong done since 1970?

    <p>It has decreased.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    By how much is the mean sea level in Hong Kong expected to rise by 2100?

    <p>1 meter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Higher sea levels and stronger typhoons can increase the risk of flooding in coastal areas.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What health issue may increase due to higher temperatures in Hong Kong?

    <p>heat stroke</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A reduction in food production in other parts of the world may lead to higher prices of imported _____ in Hong Kong.

    <p>food</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following effects of climate change with their examples:

    <p>Rising sea levels = Flooding in coastal areas Higher temperatures = Spread of dengue fever Extreme rainfall = Risk of landslides Stronger typhoons = Damage to buildings and structures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a natural hazard that may be increased due to climate change in Hong Kong?

    <p>Landslides</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Warmer seawater can lead to coral bleaching in Sai Kung.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What might happen to the Mai Po Nature Reserve due to rising sea levels?

    <p>flooding and destruction of wildlife habitats</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Hong Kong's Changing Climate

    • Hong Kong's annual mean temperature has increased by about 1.7°C since 1885, higher than the world average of 1°C. This is primarily due to rapid urban development.
    • The rate of temperature increase has accelerated in recent decades.
    • As Hong Kong becomes warmer, the number of hot nights and very hot days increases, while the number of cold days decreases.
    • Annual rainfall has slightly increased, but the number of days with rainfall has decreased, meaning rainfall intensity has increased
    • Days with heavy rainfall (over 30mm/hour) and extreme rainfall events (over 100mm/hour) have become more frequent.
    • Cloud cover and the number of days with thunderstorms have increased.
    • Wind speed in urban areas has decreased, while it has remained relatively stable in rural areas.
    • Visibility in Hong Kong has improved in recent decades, likely due to stricter pollution control measures in neighboring regions.

    Causes of Climate Change in Hong Kong

    • Global climate change: Global warming and changing precipitation patterns are impacting Hong Kong's climate.
    • Urban development: Increased urban areas, reduced vegetation, and increased building density lead to the heat island effect, raising temperatures compared to surrounding rural areas.

    Impacts of Climate Change in Hong Kong

    • Natural Hazards: Stronger typhoons and extreme rainfall increase the risk of landslides and flooding. Sea levels are predicted to rise by about 1 metre by 2100.
    • Society and Health: Higher food prices, more heat strokes and spread of diseases like dengue fever.
    • Environment: Flooding of coastal areas like the Mai Po Nature Reserve, threatening wildlife habitats, and coral bleaching.
    • Reduced visibility: Increased total hours of reduced visibility from 1970 to the early 2000's, but improved in recent decades.

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    Hong Kong Climate Change PDF

    Description

    Explore the significant shifts in Hong Kong's climate, highlighting rising temperatures, changing rainfall patterns, and the frequency of extreme weather events. Understand the local impacts of urban development and pollution control on weather phenomena over the years.

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