Homeostatic Control Systems Unit 1- Lesson 5

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Questions and Answers

Changes to an organism's internal environment are monitored by what?

Receptors

To maintain control systems to maintain homeostasis are: 1. _ controls, 2. _ controls.

Intrinsic, 2. Extrinsic

Homeostasis control systems must be able to do what?

Detect and resist change

What is a homeostatic control system?

A functionally interconnected network of body components Signup and view all the answers

To maintain homeostasis, the control system must be able to:

<ol> <li>Detect deviations, 2. Integrate information, 3. Make adjustments</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

What are intrinsic controls?

Built into or inherent in an organ Signup and view all the answers

Which two systems take charge in extrinsic controls?

Nervous and endocrine systems Signup and view all the answers

What does feedback refer to?

Responses made after a change has been detected Signup and view all the answers

What is feedforward?

Responses made in anticipation of a change Signup and view all the answers

Give an example of negative feedback.

Regulation of temperature Signup and view all the answers

What is a controlled variable?

A factor that can vary but is held within a narrow range Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the sensor in a feedback system?

Monitors the magnitude of the controlled variable Signup and view all the answers

What is the set point in a control system?

The desired level for the controlled variable Signup and view all the answers

What happens if the body temperature falls below the set point?

The thermostat activates the furnace Signup and view all the answers

What is positive feedback?

Output enhances or amplifies a change Signup and view all the answers

What hormone is involved in positive feedback during childbirth?

Oxytocin Signup and view all the answers

When does the body use a feedforward mechanism?

To prevent disruption to homeostasis Signup and view all the answers

What can result from disruptions in homeostasis?

Illness and death Signup and view all the answers

What is pathophysiology?

Abnormal functioning of the body associated with disease Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Homeostatic Control Systems Overview

Homeostasis refers to the mechanisms that maintain a stable internal environment despite changes.
Changes in an organism's internal environment are monitored by receptors triggering control systems.

Types of Control Systems

Intrinsic controls: Operate within an organ to maintain homeostasis; they are built into the organ itself.
Extrinsic controls: Initiated outside the organ, primarily regulated by the nervous and endocrine systems.

Functions of Homeostatic Control Systems

Must detect deviations from normalcy in internal environmental factors.
Integrate information from various sources to assess information.
Make appropriate adjustments to restore parameters to desired values.

Components of a Homeostatic Control System

A functionally interconnected network of body components maintains internal factors around optimal levels.

Feedback Mechanisms

Feedback involves responses made after a change is detected to maintain stability.
Negative feedback opposes initial changes to restore balance, while positive feedback amplifies changes in the same direction.

Negative Feedback Explained

Commonly regulates factors like temperature, where a change triggers responses to return conditions toward normal.
Essential for maintaining homeostasis and preventing overshoot of desired levels.

Positive Feedback and Its Role

Amplifies initial changes; important in processes like childbirth where the hormone oxytocin intensifies uterine contractions until birth.
Can lead to detrimental effects, like in heatstroke, when regulatory mechanisms fail.

Feedforward Mechanisms

Anticipatory responses that occur before a change is detected to prevent disruptions in homeostasis.
Involves regulatory actions, such as hormone secretion prior to nutrient absorption.

Homeostatic Disruption and Pathophysiology

Disruption in homeostasis can lead to illness or death as cells depend on an optimal environment.
Pathophysiology describes abnormal bodily function due to underlying disease linked to severe homeostatic disruption.

Summary of Examples

Temperature control system serves as an example of negative feedback, where a thermostat maintains room temperature.
Childbirth exemplifies positive feedback; contractions enhance hormones to promote labor.
Feedforward mechanisms see application in hormonal adjustments before nutrient absorption to stabilize blood nutrient levels.

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Description

This quiz focuses on the homeostatic control systems found in multicellular organisms as part of Unit 1, Lesson 5. Test your knowledge on the components that monitor and maintain the internal environment and the types of control systems involved. Perfect for reinforcing key concepts in physiology.