Homeostasis: Cell Transport and Membrane

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Questions and Answers

Which structural component of the cell membrane is primarily responsible for forming a barrier to the passage of polar molecules?

  • Carbohydrate chains
  • Integral proteins
  • Peripheral proteins
  • Phospholipid tails (correct)

What is the primary role of cholesterol in the cell membrane?

  • To provide rigidity to the membrane. (correct)
  • To facilitate the transport of ions.
  • To attach peripheral proteins.
  • To mark the cell for identification.

Facilitated diffusion requires energy input from the cell.

False (B)

Which of the following transport mechanisms is used to move large particles into a cell?

<p>Endocytosis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a hypotonic solution, what will happen to an animal cell?

<p>It will swell and potentially burst. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The movement of water across a semipermeable membrane from an area of high water concentration to an area of low water concentration is called ______.

<p>osmosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following accurately describes active transport?

<p>Movement of molecules against their concentration gradient with the help of proteins. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Diffusion is an active process that requires the input of energy.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match each transport mechanism with its correct description:

<p>Simple Diffusion = Movement of small, nonpolar molecules across the membrane. Facilitated Diffusion = Movement of molecules across the membrane with the help of transport proteins. Active Transport = Movement of molecules against the concentration gradient, requiring energy. Osmosis = Movement of water across a semi-permeable membrane.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain how the hydrophobic and hydrophilic properties of phospholipids contribute to the structure and function of the cell membrane.

<p>Phospholipids have a hydrophilic (polar) head and hydrophobic (nonpolar) tails. The hydrophobic tails face inward, away from water, while the hydrophilic heads face outward, towards the water, forming a bilayer that acts as a barrier to polar substances.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the primary function of the cell membrane?

<p>Controlling what enters and exits the cell (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of molecules can easily pass through a cell membrane via simple diffusion?

<p>Small, nonpolar molecules (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A cell placed in a hypertonic solution will gain water.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of transport proteins in facilitated diffusion?

<p>To provide a channel or carrier for specific molecules to cross the membrane (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The process by which cells release substances to the external environment through vesicles is called ______.

<p>exocytosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these processes requires the use of ATP?

<p>Active transport (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain how changes in temperature can affect the fluidity of the cell membrane.

<p>Increased temperature generally increases membrane fluidity as the phospholipids move more freely. Conversely, decreased temperature reduces fluidity, potentially causing the membrane to solidify.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match each type of solution with its effect on a cell:

<p>Hypertonic = Cell shrinks due to water moving out. Hypotonic = Cell swells due to water moving in. Isotonic = No net movement of water; cell size remains stable.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The sodium-potassium pump is an example of facilitated diffusion.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The difference in concentration of a substance across a space is called the concentration ______.

<p>gradient</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Cell Membrane

The structure that controls what enters and exits the cell.

Diffusion

The movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.

Osmosis

The diffusion of water across a semi-permeable membrane from an area of high water concentration to an area of low water concentration.

Facilitated Diffusion

The process of diffusion across a cell membrane with the help of membrane proteins.

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Active Transport

The movement of molecules across a cell membrane against their concentration gradient, requiring energy.

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Homeostasis

The maintenance of a stable internal environment in an organism.

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Study Notes

  • The quiz on Wednesday, April 2nd covers homeostasis.

Cell Membrane

  • Cell membrane structure and function will be tested.

Transport

  • Diffusion, osmosis, facilitated diffusion, and active transport will be tested.

Quiz Structure

  • The quiz includes multiple-choice, matching/fill-in-the-blank questions.
  • There will be 25 multiple choice questions.
  • There will be 15 matching/fill-in-the-blank questions.
  • Osmosis and diffusion have a section of 7 questions.
  • Passive and active transport will be assessed in 5 questions.

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