Homeostasis and Body Systems
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Questions and Answers

Which animal represents a highly complex structure according to the levels of complexity?

  • Slugs
  • Sponges
  • Birds (correct)
  • Snails

    • All animals are made up of cells organized into different levels of complexity.

    True

    What is the simplest level of organization in animals?

    Cells

    The white-tailed deer is an example of a complete living being, classified as an _____.

    <p>organism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following levels of organization with their corresponding examples:

    <p>Cells = A single heart muscle cell Tissues = Heart muscle tissue Organs = The heart Organ Systems = The circulatory system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term describes groups of specialized cells working together?

    <p>Tissues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The circulatory system is an example of a single organ.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name one type of tissue found in the heart.

    <p>Heart muscle tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the main functions of the blood transport system?

    <p>Maintain body temperature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Platelets are responsible for carrying oxygen in the blood.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name the four chambers of the heart.

    <p>Right atrium, Left atrium, Right ventricle, Left ventricle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The _____ are responsible for recognizing and destroying invading bacteria and viruses.

    <p>Leukocytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the components of blood with their functions:

    <p>Plasma = Carries nutrients and hormones Erythrocytes = Bind oxygen molecules Leukocytes = Destroy bacteria and viruses Platelets = Function in blood clotting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which valve type prevents backflow of blood in the heart?

    <p>Both B and C</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Arteries carry blood towards the heart.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What separates the left and right sides of the heart?

    <p>Septum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary method by which fish extract oxygen from water?

    <p>Moving water over their gills</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Fish can survive by ceasing all movement and still maintain sufficient oxygen supply.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What infectious disease is caused by bacteria and primarily affects the lungs?

    <p>Tuberculosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    TB bacteria can remain __________ in the body for decades after initial contact.

    <p>dormant</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following symptoms with the corresponding disease:

    <p>Fever = Tuberculosis Cough = Tuberculosis Chest pain = Tuberculosis Weight loss = Tuberculosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a known carcinogen found in tobacco smoke?

    <p>Carbon monoxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Reactivation of dormant TB can lead to active disease under certain conditions.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common treatment approach for tuberculosis?

    <p>Medication and hospitalization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Tobacco smoke is known to affect both first-hand and __________ smoke exposure.

    <p>second-hand</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organ is primarily affected by tuberculosis?

    <p>Lungs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What primarily controls involuntary breathing?

    <p>Brainstem</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Breathing can be consciously controlled at all times.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the heart rate when carbon dioxide levels increase?

    <p>Heart rate increases.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The primary role of the respiratory system is to supply __________ and remove __________.

    <p>oxygen, carbon dioxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following respiratory system elements to their functions:

    <p>Lungs = Gas exchange in mammals Gills = Gas exchange in fish Alveoli = Increase surface area for gas exchange Tracheal tubes = Oxygen transport in insects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a key process in gas exchange for all respiratory systems?

    <p>Diffusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Fish use lungs to breathe underwater.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the specialized organs for gas exchange in fish called?

    <p>Gills</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When carbon dioxide levels drop, oxygen availability __________.

    <p>increases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following options is NOT a method of gas exchange?

    <p>With blood vessels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main risk associated with both first-hand and second-hand smoke?

    <p>Increased risk of respiratory diseases and cancer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    SARS is caused by a virus that first emerged in 2000.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name two flu-like symptoms of SARS.

    <p>High fever and shortness of breath</p> Signup and view all the answers

    SARS spread from _____ to 37 countries globally.

    <p>China</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a method for diagnosing SARS?

    <p>Laboratory tests of cell samples</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the respiratory system components to their functions:

    <p>Lungs = Gas exchange Mitochondria = Energy production from oxygen Gills = Gas exchange in aquatic animals Circulatory System = Transport of gases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Humans can survive indefinitely without oxygen.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main waste product of energy production in cells?

    <p>Carbon dioxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of gills in fish?

    <p>Gas exchange</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Tuberculosis is spread through contaminated water.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name one symptom of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS).

    <p>High fever</p> Signup and view all the answers

    COVID-19 is caused by the _____ virus.

    <p>SARS-CoV-2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following organs with their transplantable status:

    <p>Heart = Can be transplanted Liver = Can be transplanted Pancreas = Can be transplanted Skin = Can be transplanted Brain = Cannot be transplanted</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a benefit for organ recipients?

    <p>Ability to lead a healthy, normal life</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Living organ donors retain their backup organs after donation.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name one major risk associated with organ transplantation.

    <p>Rejection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Xenotransplantation refers to the transplantation of organs from one _____ to another.

    <p>species</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can minimize the risk of organ rejection?

    <p>Using genetically similar tissues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Bacteria responsible for tuberculosis can remain dormant for decades.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what year was the first successful organ transplant performed?

    <p>1954</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The _____ is a vital organ that protects the brain.

    <p>skull</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the diseases with their main symptoms:

    <p>Tuberculosis = Cough and weight loss SARS = Shortness of breath COVID-19 = Respiratory complications Xenotransplantation = Rejection risk</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the pancreas in the digestive system?

    <p>Produces digestive enzymes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Insulin is produced by the gall bladder.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What condition is caused by the pancreas producing too much or too little insulin?

    <p>Diabetes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The ________ stores and releases bile into the digestive tract.

    <p>gall bladder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match each accessory organ with its function:

    <p>Liver = Produces bile Gall Bladder = Stores bile Pancreas = Produces insulin Large Intestine = Absorbs water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one primary function of blood in the body?

    <p>Transport nutrients and oxygen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The heart functions as a single pump.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two main types of blood vessels?

    <p>Arteries and veins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The _____ are responsible for blood clotting.

    <p>Platelets</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following blood components with their primary function:

    <p>Erythrocytes = Transport oxygen Leukocytes = Fight infections Platelets = Clot blood Plasma = Transport nutrients and wastes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which chamber of the heart receives oxygen-poor blood from the body?

    <p>Right atrium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Semilunar valves prevent blood flow from the ventricles back into the atria.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of tissue primarily composes the heart?

    <p>Cardiac muscle tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which system is responsible for removing carbon dioxide from the body?

    <p>Respiratory System</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The circulatory system does not play a role in maintaining body temperature.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of the digestive system in relation to homeostasis?

    <p>To bring nutrients into the body and excrete waste.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The nervous system controls other systems of the body through __________ control and __________ control.

    <p>direct, indirect</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the specialized cells with their functions.

    <p>Stinging cells = Capture prey. Light-emitting cells = Attract mates. Muscle cells = Facilitate movement. Sensory cells = Detect sights, sounds, and odours.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about multicellular organisms is correct?

    <p>Specialized cells work together to form the organism.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Single-celled organisms, such as bacteria, can rely on other cells for survival.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name one of the roles of the nervous system.

    <p>Controls breathing, appetite, or heart rate.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    COVID-19 is declared a global pandemic by WHO on March 11, 2019.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the symptoms of tuberculosis?

    <p>Fever, cough, weight loss, tiredness, chest pain.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The process of transplanting organs from one species to another is called __________.

    <p>xenotransplantation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the number of bones from birth to adulthood?

    <p>Decreases from 270 to 206</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following diseases with their characteristics:

    <p>Tuberculosis = Caused by bacteria affecting lungs SARS = Viral outbreak starting in China COVID-19 = Global pandemic declared in 2020 Xenotransplantation = Transplantation from one species to another</p> Signup and view all the answers

    An exoskeleton provides structure and protection for invertebrates.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What provides blood-cell production in the skeletal system?

    <p>Bone marrow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following organs can be transplanted?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Calcium and phosphorus are essential for bone _____ and rigidity.

    <p>strength</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Rejection of transplanted organs is not a concern among patients.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a major challenge in xenotransplantation research?

    <p>Rejection of living tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following components of the skeletal system to their functions:

    <p>Periosteum = Covers and protects the bone Compact Bone = Contains living cells called osteocytes Cartilage = Provides flexible support Bone Marrow = Produces blood cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Individuals can sign a donor card while alive to authorize __________ after death.

    <p>donation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a consequence of a diet lacking calcium?

    <p>Bones can weaken</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Muscles in vertebrates are primarily attached to the skin.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following types of tissues with their transplantable status:

    <p>Cornea = Transplantable Skin = Transplantable Tendons = Transplantable Nerve = Not transplantable</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main benefit of living organ donations?

    <p>Reduced risk of rejection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of skeletal structure is found in worms and jellyfish?

    <p>No rigid skeleton</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Babies' skeletons are primarily made of _______ before they ossify.

    <p>cartilage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Modern technology has no significant impact on transplant procedures.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common treatment for tuberculosis?

    <p>Antibiotics and hospitalization.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of the musculoskeletal system?

    <p>To enable movement and locomotion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Oxygen diffuses from water into blood in the __________ of fish.

    <p>gills</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the symptoms of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS)?

    <p>High fever, dry cough, muscle pain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the circulatory system in deer?

    <p>To deliver oxygen and nutrients</p> Signup and view all the answers

    All organs belong to only one organ system.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name one type of connective tissue.

    <p>Blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The _____ is a muscular tube connecting the mouth to the stomach.

    <p>esophagus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following organ systems with their main functions:

    <p>Respiratory system = Obtains oxygen and removes carbon dioxide Digestive system = Processes food to extract nutrients Excretory system = Eliminates liquid waste Nervous system = Detects stimuli and coordinates responses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of tissue is responsible for facilitating movement?

    <p>Muscle Tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Stem cells can only differentiate into one type of cell.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of epithelial tissue?

    <p>To form protective coverings and linings of organs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The digestive system processes food in the _____ to extract nutrients.

    <p>stomach</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following types of stem cells with their properties:

    <p>Embryonic Stem Cells = Can differentiate into any kind of cell Tissue Stem Cells = Found within specialized tissues Bone Marrow Stem Cells = Can differentiate into blood cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the liver in the digestive system?

    <p>Produces bile for fat digestion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The esophagus functions voluntarily to move food to the stomach.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does the pancreas serve in the digestive system?

    <p>Produces digestive enzymes and regulates blood sugar</p> Signup and view all the answers

    To achieve nutrient absorption, food must be processed in the _____.

    <p>digestive system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the main purposes of the digestive system?

    <p>To supply the body with food and nutrients</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Stem cells are exclusively found in embryos.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Homeostasis

    • Your body is in homeostasis when there is a healthy balance in its internal conditions and processes.
    • The circulatory, respiratory, digestive, and nervous systems contribute to homeostasis.

    Respiratory System

    • Brings oxygen into the body.
    • Removes carbon dioxide.

    Digestive System

    • Brings nutrients into the body.
    • Excretes waste.

    Circulatory System

    • Transports nutrients, oxygen, and carbon dioxide.
    • Maintains blood pressure and heart rate.
    • Regulates body temperature.

    Nervous System

    • Controls all other systems in various ways.
    • Direct control of breathing, appetite, and heart rate.
    • Indirect control of waste removal, body temperature, and water levels.
    • Ensures all parts of the body receive what they need to function effectively.

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    Description

    Explore the intricate balance of homeostasis through the functions of the circulatory, respiratory, digestive, and nervous systems. Understand how these systems work together to maintain health and stability in the body. Test your knowledge on how each system contributes to homeostasis.

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