Holy Spirit Gifts - Berean Test

Questions and Answers

Which of the following best describes Noel Perkin's qualifications for the position of missions secretary?

Teaching experience as a professor of missiology

Warm personality and experience in pastoral counseling

Successful and increasingly responsible administrative experience at the district level

Financial and business experience coupled with pastoral and missionary experience (correct)

Identify the focus of Article 6 of the Constitution that was adopted in 1927.

Provision was made for the recall of missionaries in the event or threat of war.

The Division of Foreign Missions (DFM) was established.

One committee, referred to as the Foreign Missions Committee, was given responsibility for both home and foreign missions. (correct)

Two separate committees were formed: one for home missions and one for foreign missions.

Identify a policy that was specifically spelled out in the 1931 Missionary Manual.

The qualifications for field directors and area directors

The requirement that missionaries be financially responsible for medical care whether on the field or in the U.S.

The optional equipment that could be included in the purchase of a Speed the Light vehicle

Regulations regarding distribution of funds to other missionaries and nationals (correct)

Identify a major problem that missionaries encountered in organizing indigenous churches.

Translation of the Bible into local languages Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes church government in the early (1930) indigenous churches?

Democratic church government generally patterned after the Assemblies of God in America Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes the response of Assemblies of God missions to World War II?

AG missions concentrated on non-combatant areas such as Latin and South America. Signup and view all the answers

Identify the shift in missions emphasis that occurred as a result of the broader interpretation of Matthew 24:14.

Missions leaders added humanitarian goals to the list of evangelism goals. Signup and view all the answers

Identify an opportunity that was available for missionaries in 1957 (which was not available in 1943).

School of missionary orientation Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following was NOT used by the Foreign Missions Department to promote missions?

Ecumenical Missions Partnerships program Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following was required of missionary appointees in 1959?

Psychological, general knowledge, and language aptitude testing Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best defines the term restorationism?

Signs and wonders would be restored in latter-day ministry. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best summarizes J. Philip Hogan's statement regarding the heart of modern missions?

The training of national workers (ministers) Signup and view all the answers

Which phrase best defines the term itineration as it is used in Assemblies of God missions?

Stateside travel by missionaries to obtain local church support Signup and view all the answers

J. Philip Hogan's messages to missionaries included a strong encouragement to:

Make a lifelong commitment to missions Signup and view all the answers

Why was it especially important that missions education take place in the local church?

Missionary funding came, for the most part, from local churches. Signup and view all the answers

Which phrase best describes a missionary Faith Promise?

A promise to give a specific amount to missions, trusting God for the resources Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is identified as a benefit of literature in evangelism?

Literature can be distributed to nearly everyone, not just to those who come to a meeting. Signup and view all the answers

Which organization provides vehicles and equipment for missionaries?

STL (Speed the Light) Signup and view all the answers

Why did there continue to be a need for a clearly stated Pentecostal missiology?

Among Pentecostals, it was generally easier to go than to theorize. Signup and view all the answers

Identify the organization that provided a forum and venue for missiological study.

The Evangelical Foreign Missions Association Signup and view all the answers

What development had taken place by the fourth century?

Theological discussions concentrated on disagreements about the nature of Christ and the Trinity. Signup and view all the answers

What is meant by the term 'the double cure'?

Entire sanctification: an instantaneous purification after conversion Signup and view all the answers

Regarding divine healing, how was the nineteenth-century holiness movement characterized?

A haven for those who accepted this teaching. Signup and view all the answers

Charles F. Parham is associated with which of the following?

The notion that tongues functioned as evidence of Spirit baptism Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following was a significant theological issue, over which Pentecostal groups parted company?

The Godhead, the Trinity, and the Persons of the Trinity Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes the occurrence of revival as the twentieth century approached?

Turn of the century revivals were experienced in many countries, notably in Australia and Wales. Signup and view all the answers

At the turn of the century, speech in tongues was understood to be:

Modern foreign languages given for preaching the gospel in other countries. Signup and view all the answers

What was the contribution of William Seymour to the Pentecostal Movement?

Led the meetings at the Azusa Street Revival where speaking in tongues and other spiritual manifestations occurred. Signup and view all the answers

Who of the following persons was known for her work in India with Pandita Ramabai?

Minnie Abrams Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the term 'faith-life'?

Missionary work without dependable financial support Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes a motivation to move from spiritual unity to limited organizational unity?

To encourage local congregations to charter with a legal name Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes the outcome of the Hot Springs convention?

After four days of prayer and fellowship, the delegates approved a corporate name. Signup and view all the answers

Why was the name 'The Assemblies of God' selected?

The name corresponded to the scriptural phrase 'general assembly and church of the firstborn.' Signup and view all the answers

What was the position of the first General Council with regard to the ordination of women?

Women could be ordained as missionaries and evangelists, but not as pastors. Signup and view all the answers

What is generally regarded as the explanation for the growth of the Pentecostal Movement in the twentieth century?

The people: Pentecostal people were willing to use any method to reach the world Signup and view all the answers

Which best describes the difficulties faced by church planters around the time of the second General Council (1914)?

Lack of finances and proper facilities Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes one of the many strong motivations for early Pentecostal preachers?

The idea that Jesus was coming again soon Signup and view all the answers

In what way were many of the early preachers trained for the ministry?

One-to-one training (often referred to as mentoring) Signup and view all the answers

Name the husband and wife team that held services in an old saloon and from those beginnings established six new churches within eighteen months.

Marcus and Ethyl Musick Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best explains the effectiveness of Aimee Semple McPherson's ministry in the 1920s?

She understood American culture and used it as a bridge to the understanding of the gospel. Signup and view all the answers

What evidence is there that organization in the Assemblies of God was effective in helping people to follow the Spirit?

Many new ministries were started. Signup and view all the answers

What did World War II bring to light regarding the educational levels in the Assemblies of God?

Assemblies of God pastors did not meet the academic requirements to serve as military chaplains. Signup and view all the answers

How were early Bible schools supported financially?

Work-study programs Signup and view all the answers

What kind of literature was printed by the Gospel Publishing House?

Doctrinal manuals and songbooks Signup and view all the answers

What organization was established as a result of Assemblies of God membership in the NAE?

The Pentecostal Fellowship of North America Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes the typical Pentecostal ministerial training school (1928-1947)?

A core of Bible studies was accompanied by work (chores) and practical ministry. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is regarded as a major contribution of Noel Perkin during his term as missionary secretary?

The development of a philosophy of missions and a missionary manual Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following women ministers remained in Tokyo, Japan, during WWII and stayed on after the war to be an Assemblies of God representative to the Allied powers?

Jessie Wengler Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes the goal held in common by students and faculty members in the early Bible institutes?

The world must be evangelized before or until Jesus returns. Signup and view all the answers

What word best describes a mentor?

Model Signup and view all the answers

In what way did General Superintendent Thomas Zimmerman respond to the outpouring of the Holy Spirit upon charismatic believers? (Select all that apply)

He was willing to allow charismatic believers to join Assemblies of God churches. Signup and view all the answers

What is the special role of the Commission on Doctrinal Purity?

Prepares position papers on issues directly related to Assemblies of God doctrine Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following was a view generally held by the New Order of the Latter Rain?

Apostles and prophets were to be restored as part of local church leadership. Signup and view all the answers

Identify a significant factor that resulted in the Swaggart and Bakker scandals.

Both ministries were privately owned corporations, beyond the counsel or control of the General Council. Signup and view all the answers

In what way did prosperity affect traditional holiness standards?

There was a decline of legalistic standards that previously had been enforced by the church. Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes the growth rate of converts, new churches, and ordinations in the 1950s and 1960s?

Only the Hispanic districts continued to grow rapidly. Signup and view all the answers

What weekly, printed publication served as the official voice of the Fellowship for more than one hundred years?

Pentecostal Evangel Signup and view all the answers

What influenced the General Council to officially condemn racial discrimination?

Billy Graham had invited an African American to join his evangelistic team, causing the Council embarrassment. Signup and view all the answers

What is notable about how G. Raymond Carlson and other leaders guided the denomination through the dark days of scandal in the 1980s?

Carlson's unwavering stand for integrity was praised. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is identified in the text as a danger in high profile ministries?

Counsel and accountability are refused. Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best characterizes the ministry of David du Plessis?

Effectively brought the Pentecostal testimony in ecumenical circles Signup and view all the answers

Who was the dedicated college professor who counseled engaged students because he wanted them to enjoy an enduring marriage?

J. Bashford Bishop Signup and view all the answers

What methods were most often used in the passing of the spiritual heritage to the next generation?

Mentoring of younger ministers Signup and view all the answers

Stanley Horton was best known for his service in what role?

Theologian and seminary professor Signup and view all the answers

Identify a component of strategic planning that contributed to success in missions.

The training of nationals and the building of indigenous churches Signup and view all the answers

What question best describes the Mary and Martha problem?

How can we do the good works of both Mary and Martha? Signup and view all the answers

Which individual has been identified as an activist in Assemblies of God ministry?

Billie Davis Signup and view all the answers

Among the concerns for AG leaders in the decade at the beginning of the twenty-first century were an aging clergy, adherents having uncertainties, and

the tenuous Pentecostal identity of many local assemblies. Signup and view all the answers

Name the highly successful Assemblies of God radio outreach that was broadcast for forty-two years.

Revivaltime Signup and view all the answers

George O. Wood's five core values include proclaiming Christ, investing in the next generation, planting churches and revitalizing existing ones, and

resourcing our Fellowship, and praying for God's favor. Signup and view all the answers

What feature of Pentecostal worship took the place of the formal reading of a creed?

Gospel songs that reinforced the truths of the fourfold gospel Signup and view all the answers

The goal of the Church Transformation Initiative is to

help churches with spiritual renewal and to reach their full potential. Signup and view all the answers

Identify a significant change in the General Council organization that took place at the 1971 General Council (in Kansas City).

This question lacks specific details to answer. Signup and view all the answers

Project Rescue

ministers to the victims of human trafficking around the world. Signup and view all the answers

The four positions that were added to the Executive Presbytery were for (1) a minister under 40, (2) an ordained female, (3) a minister from a third language area, and (4)

an African-American. Signup and view all the answers

The Network of Women Ministers exists to:

develop, mentor, and resource vocational women and to prepare women for ministry. Signup and view all the answers

The fourth reason for being of the Assemblies of God is

demonstrating compassion. Signup and view all the answers

The three questions to ask regarding a revival are (1) Is Jesus Christ exalted? (2) Is the Word of God proclaimed? and (3)

Are individuals repenting of sin and being baptized in water and the Holy Spirit? Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the three realities that George Wood identified as needing to be overcome if we are to reach evangelistic goals?

The tendency to use dated methods to deliver our message Signup and view all the answers

Who are religious nones?

People who claim no religious affiliation Signup and view all the answers

In addition to hindering overseas travel, what effect did the First World War have on missionary efforts?

The time of war was used for reflection and thought about missionary methods. Signup and view all the answers

The term missiology is best defined by which of the following?

The study of missionary theory and strategy Signup and view all the answers

Which phrase or sentence best defines the indigenous principle?

The three-self formula Signup and view all the answers

The belief in postmillennialism had what effect on missionary philosophy?

The preaching of the gospel, with its education and reforms, would bring in the millennial kingdom. Signup and view all the answers

In what way did the idea of comity affect missions strategy?

The assignment of each of the major mission societies to a different area of the world Signup and view all the answers

In a significant article, what emphasis did J. Roswell Flower place on the baptism in the Holy Spirit?

He proposed that the baptism in the Holy Spirit makes us more willing to serve as missionaries. Signup and view all the answers

Identify a common factor that characterized the Pentecostal revivals in the United States and in other countries.

A burden for the lost and a willingness to serve as missionaries Signup and view all the answers

Identify a problem that was encountered in the administration of early Assemblies of God missions programs.

Missionaries were not accountable for funds sent to them. Signup and view all the answers

What statement best describes E. N. Bell's missionary policy?

Required a list of all monies spent, accompanied by receipts. Signup and view all the answers

Name an important institution that came from the Pentecostal revival in North Bergen, New Jersey.

The Nyack Missionary Training Institute Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of Assemblies of God missionaries in the early years?

Most of the early missionaries obtained their training at a Bible institute. Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes the type of missionary training that was available at Central Bible Institute during the early years (1914-1926)?

Biblical and spiritual preparation, accompanied by intercessory prayer and student life focused on missions Signup and view all the answers

What specific belief motivated many early missionaries to endure the hardships of missionary work?

Preaching the gospel to all the world would bring Jesus back. Signup and view all the answers

What distinction was made between male and female missionaries prior to 1920?

Female missionaries were not permitted to fulfill the functions of ministry. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is identified in the text as a function of ministry?

Baptizing Signup and view all the answers

What was decided on by the 1915 General Council for the administration of Assemblies of God missions?

Candidates for foreign missions would be examined by Council leaders. Signup and view all the answers

What method was used to demonstrate financial integrity in missions giving?

A report of missions giving was printed in the Evangel. Signup and view all the answers

How did missionary policy change under the administration of J. Roswell Flower?

A representative was sent on a fact-finding tour of several mission fields. Signup and view all the answers

Identify a recommendation of the Second Missionary Conference (1918).

Children would collect money for missions in little wooden barrels. Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes the relationship of the (American) General Council with the Pentecostal Assemblies of Canada?

Because of legal requirements overseas, the Canadians formed their own missions agency. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Development of the Gifts of the Holy Spirit

By the fourth century, theological discussions shifted towards Christ's nature and the Trinity, rather than actively seeking the gifts of the Holy Spirit.

The Double Cure Explained

The term refers to entire sanctification, representing an instantaneous purification following conversion.

Nineteenth-Century Holiness Movement

The movement served as a haven for those who embraced divine healing teachings.

Charles F. Parham's Contributions

He proposed that speaking in tongues serves as evidence of Spirit baptism.

Key Theological Issues in Pentecostalism

Disagreements regarding the Godhead and the Trinity led to divisions among Pentecostal groups.

Revival Occurrences in the Early 1900s

Turn-of-the-century revivals proliferated globally, seen notably in Australia and Wales.

Understanding Speech in Tongues

Speaking in tongues was understood as modern foreign languages intended for global gospel preaching.

William Seymour's Role

He was the leader at the Azusa Street Revival, where notable spiritual manifestations emerged.

Contribution of Minnie Abrams

Recognized for her work with Pandita Ramabai in India and her influential book on the Holy Spirit.

Definition of Faith-Life in Missions

The faith-life refers to missionary efforts often carried out without reliable financial backing.

Motivations for Limited Organizational Unity

Encouragement for local congregations to charter under legal names was a primary motivation for unity.

Outcome of the Hot Springs Convention

Delegates approved a corporate name, strengthening organizational identity through four days of collaborative prayer.

Meaning Behind the Assemblies of God Name

The name corresponds to the scripture term "general assembly and church of the firstborn," emphasizing biblical significance.

First General Council's Stance on Women Ordination

Women could be ordained as missionaries and evangelists but not as pastors, reflecting early church views on gender roles.

Factors in the Growth of the Pentecostal Movement

The willingness of Pentecostal people to adopt diverse methods for evangelism is credited for significant growth.

Challenges for Early Church Planters

Lack of finances and adequate facilities presented major obstacles for church growth post-1914.

Motivations of Early Pentecostal Preachers

Many were driven by an eschatological urgency, believing in the imminent return of Jesus.

Training of Early Ministers

Early preachers often received training through one-on-one mentorship rather than formal institutions.

Significant Church Plants by Marcus and Ethyl Musick

They established six new churches from their initial services held in an old saloon.

Aimee Semple McPherson's Impact

Her effectiveness stemmed from understanding American culture, using it as a bridge for the gospel.

Organization's Role in Spiritual Guidance

The Assemblies of God effectively helped nurture new ministries, demonstrating successful organizational influence.

Educational Insights from World War II

Many Assemblies of God pastors did not meet the educational requirements to serve as military chaplains.

Financial Support of Early Bible Schools

Work-study programs were commonly utilized for financial support of early Bible institutes.

Literature from the Gospel Publishing House

The house produced doctrinal manuals and songbooks to support theological education and worship.

Role of Assemblies of God in NAE

Membership in the National Association of Evangelicals led to the establishment of the Pentecostal Fellowship of North America.

Structure of Ministerial Training (1928-1947)

Training involved a combination of biblical study, practical ministry experience, and chores rather than traditional academic approaches.

Noel Perkin's Contributions

He is remembered for developing a missionary philosophy and manual during his tenure as missionary secretary.

Jessie Wengler's Missionary Efforts

Remained in Tokyo during WWII and served as an Assemblies of God representative post-war.

Common Goals Among Early Bible Institute Participants

A shared commitment to evangelizing the world until the return of Jesus emphasized the urgency of their mission.

Definition and Role of a Mentor

A mentor in this context is viewed primarily as a model for younger ministers.

Views of the New Order of the Latter Rain

There was a belief in restoring apostles and prophets to local church leadership as part of their vision.

Effects of Prosperity on Holiness Standards

There was a noticeable decline in legalistic standards previously enforced by churches, reflecting changing attitudes towards holiness.

Growth Trends in the 1950s and 1960s

The period saw a growth surge primarily among Hispanic districts, while other areas did not experience similar growth rates.

Racial Discrimination Condemnation Influences

The Assemblies of God Council's embarrassment over a prominent minister's racial inclusiveness prompted a formal condemnation of racial discrimination.

David du Plessis's Ministry

He successfully represented Pentecostalism in ecumenical settings, advocating for Pentecostal beliefs among diverse church bodies.

Effective Transference of Spiritual Heritage

The practice of mentoring was a key method for passing on spiritual legacy to future generations.

Strategic Planning in Missions

Focus on training nationals and building indigenous churches was critical for successful mission efforts.

Mary and Martha Problem Inquiry

It poses the question of balancing fruitful ministry with the need for restful worship.

Popular Assemblies of God Radio Outreach

"Revivaltime" gained notoriety as a successful radio program that aired for over four decades.

Pentecostal Worship Practices

Gospel songs that reinforce core gospel truths replaced formal creed recitations in worship settings.

Changes in General Council Organization (1971)

The retention of one assistant general superintendent alongside the executive director notably altered the leadership structure.

Thomas Zimmerman's Response to Charismatic Renewal

He viewed the charismatic movement as a divine remedy balancing liberalism and humanism in contemporary society.

Commission on Doctrinal Purity's Function

The Commission prepares position papers on doctrinal issues pertinent to the Assemblies of God tradition.

Swaggart and Bakker Scandals Factors

The scandals are attributed to both individuals engaging in unsound financial practices and the influence of worldly approval on ministry spirituality.### Assemblies of God and Related Entities
Both ministries functioned as privately owned corporations, not subject to General Council oversight.

Official Publications

The Pentecostal Evangel served as the official voice of the Fellowship for over a century.

Leadership during Scandals

G. Raymond Carlson was recognized for his unwavering commitment to integrity during the 1980s scandals.

High-Profile Ministries Concerns

A significant risk in high-profile ministries is the refusal of counsel and accountability.

Influential Educators

J. Bashford Bishop was a dedicated college professor who guided engaged students toward enduring marriage.

Notable Theologians

Stanley Horton was prominent as a theologian and seminary professor.

Activists in Ministry

Billie Davis has been recognized as an activist within the Assemblies of God ministry.

Early 21st Century Challenges

AG leaders faced concerns including an aging clergy and the waning Pentecostal identity among local assemblies.

Core Values of Leadership

George O. Wood emphasized values such as resourcing the Fellowship and praying for divine favor.

Church Transformation Initiative

Aimed to assist churches with spiritual renewal and help them reach their full potential.

Project Rescue

A ministry dedicated to aiding victims of human trafficking globally.

Executive Presbytery Changes

New positions added included representatives for younger ministers, women, third-language ministers, and African-Americans.

Network of Women Ministers

Focused on developing, mentoring, and resourcing women for vocational ministry.

Compassion in the Assemblies of God

A core reason for the Assemblies of God is the demonstration of compassion.

Revival Indicators

Key revival questions include the exaltation of Christ and individuals' repentance and baptism.

Addressing Evangelistic Challenges

George Wood identified the reliance on outdated methods as a major barrier to meeting evangelistic goals.

Definition of Religious Nones

Individuals with no religious affiliation are referred to as religious nones.

Impact of World War I on Missions

The war prompted reflection on missionary methods, influencing strategies for evangelism.

Missiology Definition

Missiology is defined as the study of missionary theory and strategy.

Indigenous Principle

The indigenous principle is best encapsulated by the "three-self formula."

Postmillennialism's Impact

Belief in postmillennialism shaped missionary philosophy to view preaching as a precursor to Christ's return.

Comity and Missions

Comity involved allocating each missionary society specific areas of the world for their efforts.

Empowering Missionaries

J. Roswell Flower highlighted that the baptism in the Holy Spirit increases willingness to serve globally.

Characteristics of Early Assemblies of God Missionaries

Many early missionaries were trained at Bible institutes and often lacked formal education.

Central Bible Institute’s Missionary Training

Early training focused on biblical preparation and spiritual life centered on missions.

Motivation for Hardship in Missions

Early missionaries believed that spreading the gospel was essential for the return of Jesus.

Role of Female Missionaries Pre-1920

Female missionaries faced restrictions and were not permitted to fulfill ministry functions.

Financial Integrity in Missions

Financial accountability was ensured through printed reports of missions giving.

Changes to Missionary Policy

Under J. Roswell Flower, there was a reassessment of missions, including a fact-finding tour to various fields.

Recommendations from the Second Missionary Conference

Encouraged children to collect money for missions using wooden barrels.

Relationship with Canadian Pentecostals

Due to legal necessities, the Pentecostal Assemblies of Canada formed their own missions agency.

Noel Perkin's Qualification

He possessed financial and business experience alongside pastoral and missionary expertise.

Mission Committee Structure (1927 Constitution)

Established a single committee responsible for both home and foreign missions.

1931 Missionary Manual Policies

Included regulations about the distribution of funds to other missionaries and national leaders.

Challenges in Organizing Churches

Missionaries faced challenges translating the Bible into local languages for indigenous church establishment.

Early Indigenous Church Government

Adopted a democratic structure mirroring the Assemblies of God in America.

Response to World War II

Assemblies of God missions focused on non-combatant regions like Latin and South America during the war.### Humanitarian Goals in Missions
Humanitarian objectives were integrated alongside traditional evangelism goals by mission leaders.

Missionary Opportunities in 1957

Significant new resource for missionaries included the establishment of a School of Missionary Orientation.

Promoting Missions

The Ecumenical Missions Partnerships program was not utilized by the Foreign Missions Department to foster missions.

Missionary Requirements in 1959

Missionary appointees were mandated to undergo psychological, general knowledge, and language aptitude testing.

Restorationism Concept

Restorationism is defined by the belief that signs and wonders would be resurrected in modern ministry.

J. Philip Hogan's Focus on Missions

Emphasis on training national workers (ministers) was highlighted as essential in modern missions.

Itineration in Assemblies of God Missions

Itineration refers to the practice of stateside travel by missionaries to gain local church support.

Commitment to Missions

J. Philip Hogan encouraged missionaries to make a lifelong commitment to missions work.

Importance of Local Church in Missions Education

Local churches were crucial for missions education because they were primary funding sources for missionary work.

Missionary Faith Promise

A Faith Promise is defined as a commitment to donate a specific amount to missions, relying on divine provision for resources.

Role of Literature in Evangelism

Literature's key advantage in evangelism is its broad distribution capability, reaching individuals beyond meeting attendance.

Support for Missionaries' Equipment

STL (Speed the Light) is the organization responsible for providing vehicles and essential equipment to missionaries.

Need for Pentecostal Missiology

A clear Pentecostal missiology remained critical as it was often simpler for Pentecostals to take action than to develop theoretical frameworks.

Forum for Missiological Study

The Evangelical Foreign Missions Association served as a platform for the study of missiology.

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Description

Test your knowledge of the gifts of the Holy Spirit and their development by the fourth century. This quiz covers the theological discussions and the role of church authorities during that time. Challenge yourself to understand the shifts in theological emphasis regarding the Holy Spirit.