Holter Monitor and Event Recorder Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the most frequently broken bone in childhood?

Skull

Femur

Ribs

Distal forearm (correct)

Which type of fracture does not produce a break in the skin?

Open or compound fracture

Comminuted fracture

Epiphyseal fracture

Simple or closed fracture (correct)

What is the purpose of traction in fracture management?

To prevent deformity (correct)

To increase muscle spasms

To apply heat to the fractured area

To encourage deformity

What is the weakest point of the bone according to the text?

Epiphyseal plate Signup and view all the answers

How is a comminuted fracture characterized?

Small bone fragments broken from the fractures shaft Signup and view all the answers

What is the main goal of bone healing and remodeling in children?

Achieve rapid healing Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of a Holter monitor?

To record continuous heart electrical activity and respirations Signup and view all the answers

What is an important consideration when interpreting monitor data?

Assess the patient's physical condition, not just the monitor readings Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential pitfall when monitoring a child's heart rate and respirations?

A child pulling off or shaking the leads can mimic a life-threatening arrhythmia Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of an event recorder?

To record the heartbeat when certain events or symptoms are felt or noted Signup and view all the answers

What does the abbreviation 'PEA' stand for, and what does it indicate?

Pulseless Electrical Activity - electrical activity without a pulse or perfusion Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between a transthoracic echocardiogram (TTE) and a Holter monitor?

A TTE is an ultrasound that shows the heart structure, size, and blood flow, while a Holter monitor continuously records heart electrical activity and respirations Signup and view all the answers

What is a major risk factor for developing Type 2 Diabetes in children?

Genetics Signup and view all the answers

Which symptom is typically associated with hypoglycemia in children?

Mood changes Signup and view all the answers

What should be administered for hypoglycemia in a child who is conscious?

High-sugar drink followed by a complex carb + protein Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone deficiency can affect growth and development in children?

Growth hormone deficiency Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary treatment for congenital hypothyroidism in newborns?

Levothyroxine (Synthroid) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of wearing a Medic-Alert Bracelet for a child with diabetes?

To alert others about their condition Signup and view all the answers

Which symptom is associated with hyperglycemia in children?

Dry mouth and thirst Signup and view all the answers

What can adolescents with diabetes have trouble with according to the text?

Accepting and complying with their condition Signup and view all the answers

What is the most appropriate action for a child showing signs of hypoglycemia and is unconscious?

Squeeze cake frosting or glucose paste onto gums. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of self-monitoring blood glucose levels before meals and at bedtime in children with diabetes?

To adjust insulin dosage based on current glucose levels. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary treatment for sickle cell anemia to prevent complications?

Monthly blood transfusions Signup and view all the answers

Which complication of sickle cell anemia requires immediate medical attention?

Acute chest syndrome Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary treatment for thalassemia major (beta thalassemia)?

Chronic blood transfusions Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a potential complication of chronic blood transfusions in thalassemia patients?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common form of hemophilia?

Factor VIII deficiency (Hemophilia A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a potential complication of hemophilia?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary treatment for hemophilia?

Factor replacement therapy Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a recommended preventive measure for children with hemophilia?

Using a soft-bristled toothbrush Signup and view all the answers

What is the goal of primary prophylaxis in severe hemophilia?

Factor VIII infusions three times per week or every other day Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is recommended for children with hemophilia to prevent injury?

Receiving subcutaneous injections instead of intramuscular injections Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is used to determine if a hip is unstable in a newborn?

Ortolani sign Signup and view all the answers

What is the initial treatment for developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) in infants under 6 months?

Pavlik harness Signup and view all the answers

At what age does the treatment for clubfoot typically involve surgery if casting fails?

6 months - 1 year Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a symptom of slipped capital femoral epiphysis?

Limp and altered gait Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended treatment for scoliosis curves of 40 degrees or more?

Surgery Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a common postoperative complication of scoliosis surgery?

Avascular necrosis of the femoral head Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is used to assess the flexibility of a scoliosis curve during diagnosis?

Adams forward bend test Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common surgical approach for scoliosis correction?

Posterior approach Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a potential complication of osteomyelitis?

Fracture Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the VEPTR (Vertical Expandable Prosthetic Titanium Rib) procedure in scoliosis treatment?

To lengthen the ribs as the child grows Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Fractures in Childhood

The most frequently broken bone in childhood is the clavicle.
A closed fracture does not break the skin.
Traction in fracture management helps to align the bone ends and reduce pain.
The weakest point of the bone is the growth plate, also known as the physis.
A comminuted fracture is characterized by the bone breaking into multiple pieces.
The main goal of bone healing and remodeling in children is to achieve full functional recovery.

Cardiac Monitoring

The primary purpose of a Holter monitor is to record heart rhythm over an extended period.
An important consideration when interpreting monitor data is patient activity during recording.
A potential pitfall when monitoring a child's heart rate and respirations is inaccurate readings due to factors like movement.
The purpose of an event recorder is to capture irregular heart rhythms triggered by events like exercise or emotional stress.
'PEA' stands for Pulseless Electrical Activity and indicates electrical activity in the heart without a pulse.

Echocardiogram vs. Holter Monitor

Transthoracic echocardiogram (TTE) provides real-time images of the heart's structure and function.
In contrast, a Holter monitor records electrical activity over an extended period.

Diabetes in Children

A major risk factor for developing Type 2 Diabetes in children is obesity.
Hypoglycemia in children is typically associated with symptoms like shakiness, sweating, and confusion.
If a child with hypoglycemia is conscious, glucose should be administered orally.

Hormone Deficiency and Thyroid Disorders

Growth hormone deficiency can affect growth and development in children.
The primary treatment for congenital hypothyroidism in newborns is hormone replacement therapy.
Wearing a Medic-Alert Bracelet for a child with diabetes helps emergency personnel identify their condition and provide appropriate medical care.
Hyperglycemia in children is associated with symptoms like increased thirst, frequent urination, and fatigue.

Managing Diabetes in Adolescents

Adolescents with diabetes may struggle with managing their condition due to social pressures and independence.
If a child showing signs of hypoglycemia is unconscious, emergency medical assistance should be sought immediately.
The primary goal of self-monitoring blood glucose levels before meals and at bedtime in children with diabetes is to maintain blood sugar levels within a safe range.

Sickle Cell Anemia and Thalassemia

The primary treatment for sickle cell anemia to prevent complications is pain management and hydration.
A vaso-occlusive crisis in sickle cell anemia requires immediate medical attention.
The primary treatment for thalassemia major (beta thalassemia) is regular blood transfusions.
A potential complication of chronic blood transfusions in thalassemia patients is iron overload.

Hemophilia

The most common form of hemophilia is hemophilia A.
A potential complication of hemophilia is bleeding into joints.
The primary treatment for hemophilia is replacement therapy with clotting factor concentrates.
A recommended preventive measure for children with hemophilia is avoiding contact sports.

Preventative Measures in Hemophilia

The goal of primary prophylaxis in severe hemophilia is to prevent bleeding episodes.
Protective gear is recommended for children with hemophilia to prevent injury.

Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip (DDH)

Barlow's and Ortolani's maneuvers are used to determine if a hip is unstable in a newborn.
The initial treatment for DDH in infants under 6 months is harness therapy (Pavlik Harness).
Treatment for clubfoot typically involves surgery if casting fails at around the age of 1 year.

Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis and Scoliosis

Slipped capital femoral epiphysis is characterized by symptoms like pain in the hip, groin, or knee.
For scoliosis curves of 40 degrees or more, the recommended treatment is spinal fusion surgery.
A common postoperative complication of scoliosis surgery is infection.
Adams forward bend test assesses the flexibility of a scoliosis curve during diagnosis.
The most common surgical approach for scoliosis correction is posterior spinal fusion.

Osteomyelitis and VEPTR Procedure

A potential complication of osteomyelitis is bone destruction.
The VEPTR (Vertical Expandable Prosthetic Titanium Rib) procedure is used in scoliosis treatment as a growing rod for spine correction.

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Description

This quiz covers the use of a Holter monitor and event recorder for continuous monitoring of heart electrical activity and respirations. Topics include the placement of electrodes, duration of monitoring, reporting activities, and correlation of log to events.