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A commercial applicator license is required for individuals who:

Provide structural pest control services to the public for compensation. (correct)
Use restricted-use pesticides to produce agricultural commodities on land they own.
Apply general-use pesticides on their own residential property.
Supervise the application of state-limited-use pesticides by government employees.

Which entity within the Texas Department of Agriculture (TDA) specifically handles the testing and licensing of individuals performing structural pest control?

Pesticide Assessment and Mitigation Division
Texas A&M AgriLife Extension
Agricultural Pest Control Division
Texas Structural Pest Control Services (SPCS) (correct)

A noncommercial applicator license is most likely required for pest control performed at which of the following locations?

A public school. (correct)
A privately owned farm using state-limited pesticides.
A commercial warehouse contracted by a pest control business.
A residential home using general-use pesticides.

An individual who has completed an apprenticeship and wishes to perform pest control under supervision requires which type of license?

Technician License (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary responsibility of a Responsible Commercial Certified Applicator?

Training and supervising all pest control operations at one business location. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following applicator categories falls under the purview of the TDA rather than the SPCS?

Field Crop Pest Control (D) Signup and view all the answers

A pest control company wants to apply pesticides along a railway. Under which certification category would this service likely fall?

Right-of-Way Pest Control (D) Signup and view all the answers

What type of agricultural license is required for a farmer who applies state-limited-use pesticides to their own crops?

Private (D) Signup and view all the answers

If a homeowner hires a company to treat their house for termites, what type of license must the service provider hold?

Structural Pest Control (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following scenarios requires a health-related pesticide license?

Applying pesticides to control mosquitoes in a public park. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which weather condition is LEAST conducive to pesticide application, potentially leading to drift and reduced efficacy?

Light rain (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the PRIMARY reason for avoiding the stockpiling of pesticides?

To minimize the risks of spills, container damage, and breakdown (D) Signup and view all the answers

A pesticide applicator has excess pesticide after completing a job. Besides applying it to another site with a similar pest problem, what is another appropriate action they can take?

Ask the manufacturer if they will accept the surplus pesticide for disposal (B) Signup and view all the answers

Why is triple-rinsing empty pesticide containers important before disposal?

It removes most of the pesticide residue, making the container safer for disposal and potential recycling (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following disposal methods for empty pesticide containers is generally LEAST recommended due to environmental concerns?

Burial on-site (C) Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to locate a pesticide storage building downwind and downhill from sensitive areas?

To prevent potential contamination of sensitive areas in case of spills or leaks (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the PRIMARY reason for having a ventilation system with an external switch in a pesticide storage building?

To activate fans before entering, reducing exposure to potentially harmful vapors (C) Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to separate herbicides from other types of pesticides in storage?

To prevent cross-contamination that could damage non-target plants (D) Signup and view all the answers

In the event of a suspected pesticide application error, what is the MOST important initial step to take when responding to a claimant?

Be friendly and helpful, but avoid admitting liability (D) Signup and view all the answers

What information should be collected from witnesses following a suspected pesticide application error?

Names and addresses for follow-up contact (D) Signup and view all the answers

According to the Texas Pesticide Law (TPL), what authority does the TDA not have?

Setting residue tolerances for pesticides on food crops. (B) Signup and view all the answers

A farmer is planning an aerial application of pesticide near a residential area. According to Texas Pesticide Regulations, what is the farmer's responsibility regarding prior notification?

Notify adjacent landowners within 1/4 of a mile of site at least 24 hours before applying. (D) Signup and view all the answers

According to the Texas Structural Pest Control Act, regarding indoor pesticide treatments in a public building, how much advance notice must be provided?

48 hours before treatment. (D) Signup and view all the answers

A pesticide label has a Restricted Entry Interval (REI) of 12 hours. Which action is permissible?

Workers may enter the treated area after 12 hours without any restrictions. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which federal law allows the EPA to set residue tolerances for pesticides on food crops?

Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FDCA). (A) Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'LD50' represent in toxicology?

The lethal dose of a pesticide required to kill 50% of a test population. (C) Signup and view all the answers

A pesticide is categorized as 'slightly toxic'. According to toxicity categorization, what number is assigned to it?

3 (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between 'acute' and 'chronic' toxicity?

Acute toxicity results from a single exposure or short-term exposure, while chronic toxicity results from long-term exposure. (B) Signup and view all the answers

If two pesticides have an antagonistic effect when combined, what is the expected outcome?

The combined effect will be less than the sum of their individual effects (2+2=3). (C) Signup and view all the answers

What does the Preharvest Interval (PHI) represent?

The number of days that must pass between the final pesticide application and harvest. (A) Signup and view all the answers

How does EPA determine residue tolerances?

By testing lab animals, toxicity on different animals, measuring pesticide time in environment, and studying long-term effects. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between particle drift and vapor drift?

Particle drift involves the movement of spray droplets, while vapor drift involves the movement of pesticide that has vaporized. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is adsorption in the context of pesticides and soils?

The binding of pesticides to soil particles. (D) Signup and view all the answers

A pesticide spill exceeds 5 gallons during transport. According to safety guidelines, what action must be taken?

The spill must be reported to the regulatory authorities. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Why can pesticide poisoning symptoms be easily mistaken for other conditions?

Pesticide poisoning symptoms closely resemble those of common illnesses like heat stroke, food poisoning, or asthma. (D) Signup and view all the answers

A farmer observes a pest population nearing the Economic Injury Level (EIL). What does this indicate?

The economic damage caused by the pest population equals the cost of control. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following actions is least appropriate when a person has swallowed a potentially poisonous substance?

Inducing vomiting, regardless of the substance. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of 'inoculative' biological control within an IPM strategy?

To introduce natural enemies before pest populations reach economically damaging levels. (B) Signup and view all the answers

In structural IPM, what is the purpose of structural modifications?

To disrupt the pest's environment, making it less habitable. (C) Signup and view all the answers

A farmer is implementing cultural controls as part of their IPM strategy. Which action would best represent this approach?

Rotating crops to disrupt pest life cycles. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the most critical first step when dealing with a situation where someone has inhaled a poisonous substance?

Moving the person to fresh air while ensuring your own safety. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes 'classical' biological control from other biological control methods?

It involves introducing a specific natural enemy to control a specific pest, often for invasive species. (C) Signup and view all the answers

In a structural IPM program, why is regular monitoring or reinspection crucial after initial actions have been taken?

To determine the effectiveness of the implemented control measures. (A) Signup and view all the answers

A pest control advisor recommends a selective chemical for managing an insect infestation. What does 'selective' refer to in this context?

The chemical only affects a narrow range of pest species, minimizing harm to non-target organisms. (B) Signup and view all the answers

An IPM program emphasizes the use of economic thresholds (ET). What is the primary significance of the ET in making pest management decisions?

It helps determine when the cost of pest control is justified by the potential damage prevented. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a 'remedial' chemical control tactic in agricultural IPM?

Applying an insecticide to reduce a pest population that has already reached the economic threshold . (B) Signup and view all the answers

A person exposed to a moderate amount of poison exhibits several symptoms. Which of the following symptom combinations would indicate 'moderate' rather than 'mild' poisoning?

Confusion, blurred vision, and difficulty breathing. (B) Signup and view all the answers

In structural IPM, which approach is most aligned with 'vegetation management' as a cultural control method?

Removing weeds and overgrown plants that provide pest harborage (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of using pest-resistant plant varieties in both agricultural and structural IPM?

To minimize pest damage by making plants less susceptible to attack. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a key difference between 'preventive' and 'remedial' tactics in agricultural IPM?

Preventive tactics aim to stop pest populations from reaching damaging levels, while remedial tactics are used after a pest problem is identified. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following actions should be taken first in the event of a pesticide spill?

Contact CHEMTREC or other relevant authorities using the provided number (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of triple rinsing a pesticide container?

To remove as much pesticide residue as possible, making the container safer for disposal or recycling. (D) Signup and view all the answers

A pesticide applicator is using a closed handling system. What is the main advantage of this type of system?

It significantly reduces the applicator's exposure to the pesticide. (B) Signup and view all the answers

In what order should wettable powders, liquids, emulsifiable concentrates, and water be added to a spray tank according to the 'WALE' principle?

Wettable powders, water, liquids, then emulsifiable concentrates. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to maintain the water pH between 4 and 6 when mixing pesticides?

To prevent the degradation of certain pesticides that are sensitive to alkaline hydrolysis. (C) Signup and view all the answers

An applicator observes that a pesticide is not performing as expected. What should the applicator consider regarding adjuvants?

The effectiveness of the pesticide may be improved by using an appropriate adjuvant. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of dry formulation equipment is best suited for applying pesticides into cracks and crevices?

Bulb dusters (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary disadvantage of using dust formulations in pest control?

Dusts drift easily, making them difficult to control and potentially leading to off-target contamination. (D) Signup and view all the answers

For what situation would a hand-operated sprayer would be most appropriate?

Treating a small area with a localized pest problem (D) Signup and view all the answers

When using a compressed air sprayer, what is a potential drawback that applicators should be aware of that affects application rates?

The application rate decreases as the pressure in the tank drops. (C) Signup and view all the answers

When applying pesticides with hand application equipment, what technique ensures adequate coverage?

Applying a uniform coverage with a slight overlap to ensure comprehensive treatment. (C) Signup and view all the answers

An applicator needs to treat dense foliage but is concerned about adequate penetration. Which type of sprayer would be LEAST suitable?

Low-pressure boom sprayer (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant risk associated with using aerosol generators (foggers) for pest control?

Over-application can leave oily residues and create an explosion hazard. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to avoid using metal objects when cleaning a clogged sprayer nozzle?

Metal objects can damage the nozzle's delicate components. (B) Signup and view all the answers

A pesticide applicator notices variations in the application rate during spraying. Which factor is MOST likely to be the cause?

Equipment wear or nozzle error. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the primary function of a plant growth regulator (PGR)?

To modify a plant's typical growth patterns or reproductive processes. (B) Signup and view all the answers

A farmer notices patches of stunted growth and mottling on the leaves of their tomato plants. Which type of pest is MOST likely affecting the crop?

Virus (D) Signup and view all the answers

Why is it crucial to use accurately measured amounts of pesticide when mixing a solution?

To comply with the maximum application rates stated by law. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a key disadvantage of using emulsifiable concentrates (EC) in pest control?

Their high pesticide content can lead to easy over or underdosing. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a primary disadvantage of using poisonous baits for pest control?

They pose a risk to non-target animals and children. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to avoid working alone when mixing and loading pesticides?

To have assistance available in case of an accident or exposure. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of 'inert' ingredients in a pesticide formulation?

To enhance the effectiveness and application of the active ingredient. (C) Signup and view all the answers

A pesticide label includes the statement: "Do not apply within 20 feet of water bodies." What type of information is this?

General environmental statement. (A) Signup and view all the answers

If a pesticide spill occurs on a concrete floor, what is the recommended initial step for decontamination?

Apply hydrated lime or a high-pH detergent. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'phytotoxicity' refer to in the context of pesticide use?

The pesticide's harmful effects on plants. (C) Signup and view all the answers

A farmer wants ground application of a pesticide through dense foliage. What pesticide formulation should they use?

Granules (G) (C) Signup and view all the answers

A home owner notices many other insects dying after applying a pesticide. What type of pesticide did they most likely use?

Broad spectrum (C) Signup and view all the answers

A crop is starting to mold. Which of the following should be used?

Fungicides (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a main response of plants to disease?

Accelerated development of tissue (B) Signup and view all the answers

A farmer has restricted use pesticide. Who can apply the pesticide?

A certified applicator (B) Signup and view all the answers

Texas Department of Agriculture (TDA)

The primary agency regulating pesticides in Texas.

Texas Structural Pest Control Services (SPCS)

An entity within TDA that licenses structural pest control service providers.