Hobbes's Sovereign and Laws of Nature

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Questions and Answers

Why should people like Pericles and Abraham Lincoln hold the highest offices and honors?

  • Because they come from noble families
  • Because they will enact wise policies that benefit everyone
  • Because they are wealthy and powerful
  • Because they display the greatest civic virtue, which deserves recognition (correct)

Why does Aristotle compare becoming virtuous to learning to play a musical instrument?

  • Because both can be learned by reading books and listening to lectures
  • Because both require practice and doing the right acts/habits (correct)
  • Because both require a talent for music
  • Because both are not essential for a good life

What does Aristotle believe helps us acquire the disposition to act virtuously?

  • Studying philosophy
  • Reading books about morality
  • Being steeped in virtuous behavior (correct)
  • Being surrounded by virtuous people

According to Aristotle, what is moral virtue a mean between?

<p>Vice and excess (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the text suggest about developing the right habits to act virtuously?

<p>Habit alone cannot constitute moral virtue entirely (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What kind of virtue does Aristotle suggest helps us navigate new situations appropriately?

<p>Practical wisdom (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Rousseau, why does he reject the delegation of legislation to a group of individuals?

<p>Because humans can act against instinct and inclination and choose freely. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is John Rawls' proposed social contract made under a veil of ignorance aimed at achieving?

<p>Equality by ensuring citizens are unaware of their social class, gender, race, and more. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why does Rawls argue that neither utilitarian nor libertarian principles will be chosen in his concept of justice as fairness?

<p>Because these principles do not account for social inequalities and personal circumstances. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does renouncing freedom in favor of authority impact the morality of one's actions, according to Rousseau?

<p>It deprives actions of all morality. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why does Aristotle believe that general will emerges in an assembly of its members?

<p>Because humans are able to act against instinct and inclination and choose freely. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Hobbes, what is the sum of laws of nature?

<p>To treat others the way we want to be treated (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

John Locke believed that people are made equal, rational, and free to uphold which rights?

<p>Right to life, liberty, and property (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes Locke's view on human nature from that of Hobbes?

<p>Locke believes in human equality and rationality (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which philosopher introduced the concept of tacit consent in relation to governance?

<p>Locke (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Hobbes, what is the basis of a legitimate government?

<p>Whether it maintains peace (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which philosopher argued for an absolute authority to maintain effective governance?

<p>Hobbes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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